Rural access library

The ReCAP Rural Access Library represents an integral part of the Partnership’s knowledge dissemination strategy. You will find knowledge and research generated by ReCAP, AFCAP1 and SEACAP  in this library. The library is free to access for anyone interested to find out more about rural access in Africa and Asia; you do not need a password or login.

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You can use the search engine below to define what outputs or documents you are looking for. You can search by country, theme, subtheme, key words, author, institution, year and by type of document. Please select your search preference from the drop-down menus. You can use more than one search entry to narrow your search. The following aspects will show for your search results: Title, Institution, Theme and sub-theme, Sub-title, Year and Abstract.  

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TypeTitleSub TitleAuthor's institutionAuthorYearAbstract
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaProject Closure Report – Volume 2 of 2 : AnnexesProject Closure Report – Volume 2 of 2 : AnnexesRobert Petts, Kingstone Gongera2020This is volume 2 of the report “Establishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in Zambia (volume 1)” and contains its annexes. This publication’s annexes include the TEVETA Notification of Tractor Technology Courses Approval, the Comparison of Equipment Items Specified and Delivered, the Asset & Maintenance Management Systems For RDA, NRFA & MOLG, the Towed Grading Briefing (handout), the Project Close Down Action Plan Status, the Detailed Equipment Financial Cost Analyses and the Project Closure Workshop. In all these sections there are useful tables, handouts and presentations. In addition to that, Annex 3: Asset & Maintenance Management Systems For RDA, NRFA & MOLG also describes the challenges which have been identified under the Phase 1 and 2 investigations of the project, illustrated in the first volume of this report, which will influence the implementation plans and programme, and success of the national roll out of the tractor technology methods and good asset management practice.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaProject Closure Report – Volume 1 of 2Project Closure Report – Volume 1 of 2Robert Petts, Kingstone Gongera2020This report, commissioned by the Africa Community Access Partnership (AFCAP) for RDA, describes a project that sought to introduce a cost-effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance in Zambia by using agricultural tractor-based technologies, already successful in other Sub-Saharan countries. The project started with a scoping study in 2016, followed by a Phase 1 and a Phase 2. This report illustrates the review of the activities of the Consultant’s team members and local counterparts in the period up until the termination of Phase 2 of the project, to facilitate the main training and demonstration activities in 2019- 20. The Consultants provided remote support between country visits. The progress of the demonstration and training, and related initiatives are described in this report. Moreover, budget and funding arrangements are described as well as the economic considerations linked to this road maintenance approach. Lessons learnt and suggested follow up are also highlighted with special attention to the issues that need to be addressed after the premature cessation of the project because of the Covid-19 pandemics.
pdfPlanning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in BangladeshFinal Report - Volume 2Department of Urban and Regional Planning (DURP), USA; Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology2018For the effective utilization of available resources, this project aims to develop a prioritisation methodology for the development, upgradation and maintenance of the rural roads by the Bangladeshi authorities (LGED). The main objectives of this study include: 1. development of a methodology on planning and prioritisation of rural roads; 2. development of an application tool (software) to implement the methodology; and 3. production of a user manual and training of 15 professionals to use the tool. This final report provides the details of the planning and prioritisation methodology and discusses the results generated by the application tool for the pilot district.
pdfSocio-Economic Impact Evaluation and Planning and Prioritisation Toolkit for Low Volume Rural Roads in AfghanistanFirst Stakeholder Workshop ReportATR Consulting;PLANET S.A.Kouri, P.;Jasim-Falher, A.2019is supporting the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD) of the GoIRA by funding a research project entitled ‘Socio-Economic Impact Evaluation and Planning and Prioritisation Toolkit for Low Volume Rural Roads in Afghanistan’ (AFG2159A). The first Stakeholder Workshop was organised on 16th September 2019 in Kabul as part of the required activities of the project implementation. It aimed to (i) inform and familiarise the stakeholders with the project targets and expected outputs, (ii) collect data related to the socio-economic evaluation, (iii) discuss key concepts to be integrated in the planning and prioritisation guideline and (iv) finalise the list of the selected provinces to implement the survey and the toolkit.
pdfMonitoring and Evaluation GuidelineProject Implementation, Rural Mobility and Socio- Economic Impact AssessmentUniversity of BirminghamBopoto, C.;Addai-Yeboah, A.;Kollie, B.2019The guideline for monitoring and evaluating interventions on rural road in Liberia has been shaped by the lessons learnt in the rural mobility and socio-economic impact assessment pilot project undertaken in 2018 and presents a practical and modern approach. The new approach has been supported and endorsed by senior decision makers in the Ministry of Public Works (MPW).
pdfLow Volume Roads (LVR) DatabaseUser ManualTRL Ltd.TRL Ltd.2020The Low Volume Roads (LVRs) Database holds data from a wide variety of scientific research into LVRs in one place. It is a web based database that is accessible from PCs, Macs and Android and iOS devices. This database contains data obtained from performance investigation studies and experimental sections on low volume roads in Sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia. The data includes pavement materials, climatic conditions, traffic volume, traffic loading, performance, and other parameters. The data may be used to review and refine existing standards and specifications for low volume roads, and as a source of information for research into low volume roads.
pdfHow to use GIS to measure Rural Access for SDG 9.1.1TRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2020The Rural Access Index (RAI) is a measure of access, developed by the World Bank in 2006. It is now the key rural access indicator for the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and has been incorporated as SDG 9.1.1. There is potential to use open source GIS data for population and road location, but the most challenging aspect of the RAI is to define the all-season status of the road network. ReCAP has commissioned research to refine the methodology for assessing SDG 9.1.1 to make it more sustainable, repeatable and consistent by using geospatial data and tools. This paper addresses a method of using ‘Accessibility Factors’ to determine the all-season status of road networks, using GIS tools. These factors are applied to the population and network location layers and substitute the need to measure the road condition, which can be an onerous and expensive process for low income countries.
pdfBetter Rural Transport is Key to Food Security and Zero HungerReCAP BlogUniversity of BirminghamSasidharan, M.2017This ReCAP Blogpost addresses what changes are needed in rural access and transport infrastructure to contribute to enhanced food security and reduced emissions.
pdfNote sur les Routes Rurales 01: Guide sur l'application des methodes de conception des chaussees pour les routes rurales a faible volumePremiere editionTRL Ltd.Rolt, J.;Mukura, K.;Otto, A.;Reeves, S.;Hine, J.;Musenero, L.2020Cette note sur les routes rurales (RRN) est destinee aux ingenieurs, gestionnaires de routes et autres praticiens impliques dans la planification et la conception de routes rurales a faible volume dans les pays en developpement et emergents dans les climats tropicaux et subtropicaux. Il est destine a fournir des conseils sur les considerations cles pour l'utilisation de diverses methodes de conception de chaussees pour les routes a faible volume. Le RRN fournit des conseils sur les methodes de conception des chaussees utilisees dans la conception du LVRR, allant des routes en terre au revetement de gravier en passant par les differentes couches de revetement et de revetement de chaussee en pierre naturelle, bitumineuse, a base de ciment et d'argile. Le RRN compile les lecons sur la conception, la construction, la supervision et le suivi d'une gamme de types de chaussees et de revetements etudies dans le cadre du SEACAP au Cambodge, au Laos et au Vietnam; Programmes AFCAP 1 et ReCAP, ainsi que les connaissances compilees a partir de diverses etudes connexes en Afrique australe et en Asie du Sud-Est.
pdfThe potential role of mobile phone technology in rural motorcycle and three-wheeler taxi services in AfricaTransaid;AmendDivall, D.;Kureya, T.;Bishop, T.;Barber, C.;Green, C.;Clark, S.2020Over the last two decades, motorcycle and motorised three-wheeler taxis have become important means of transport in many sub-Saharan African countries, including in rural areas. However, the emerging role of mobile phone technology in improving mobility in rural areas is currently under-explored in the literature. This paper presents the findings of a small-scale research study that was undertaken into the use of mobile phone technology in the context of motorcycle and three-wheeler taxi use, and its potential to improve rural access. Informed by a literature review, the research focuses on four countries: Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. Mobile technology linked to the utilisation of motorcycle and three-wheeler taxis is increasing, but ‘ridehailing’ applications (apps) are likely to be limited to urban areas for the foreseeable future due to various disincentives to their use in rural areas. The study identifies several promising innovations that combine the use of motorcycles and three-wheelers with mobile technology to increase rural people’s access to essential services and opportunities. These have the potential to be scaled up or expanded to other countries.
pdfAdaptation au climat : Gestion des risques et optimisation de la resilience des acces routiers vulnerables en AfriqueLignes directrice pour l'evaluation des risques et de la vulnerabilite climatiquesCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingLe Roux, A.;Makhanya, S.;Arnold, K.;Roux, M.2019Dans cette directive, les utilisateurs sont guides tout au long du processus de realisation d'une etude sur les menaces et la vulnerabilite climatiques au niveau national / regional et des projets en appliquant le cadre d'evaluation semi-quantitative des risques et de la vulnerabilite de l'AfCAP. Ce cadre est utilise pour mettre en evidence les zones a haut risque en termes d'impacts climatiques sur les routes d'acces a faible debit. Les resultats d'une telle application sont destines a guider et a soutenir la prise de decision et la priorisation lors de l'adaptation des infrastructures routieres existantes et nouvelles aux impacts du changement climatique.
pdfAdaptation au climat : Gestion des risques et optimisation de la resilience des acces routiers vulnerables en AfriqueLignes directrices d'adaptation de l'ingenierieCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingPaige-Green, P.;Verhaeghe, B.;Head, M.2019L'AfCAP a initie un projet, a partir d'avril 2016, avec le but de produire des orientations regionales sur le developpement d'un acces rural resilient au climat en Afrique grace a la recherche et au partage des connaissances. Dans cette ligne directrice, les options d'adaptation techniques liees aux divers facteurs de stress climatiques sont presentees. L'importance cruciale d'un drainage efficace et d'un entretien opportun et approprie est soulignee. Les techniques d'adaptation pour gerer les changements attendus de temperature et de precipitations, le vent, l'elevation du niveau de la mer et les evenements extremes plus frequents sont identifiees et discutees. Celles-ci sont specifiquement liees aux routes non pavees, aux routes pavees, aux materiaux de sous-sol, aux terrassements et au drainage a l'interieur et a l'exterieur de la reserve routiere ainsi qu'aux implications possibles pour les activites de construction. Les impacts sur les pratiques de maintenance sont egalement mis en evidence et des orientations sont donnees.
pdfAdaptation au climat : Gestion des risques et optimisation de la resilience des acces routiers vulnerables en AfriqueManuel d'evaluation visuelleCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingPaige-Green, P.; Verhaeghe, B.;Roux, M.2019Actuellement, dans le but de gestion des routes et de planification de l'entretien et de la rehabilitation, des evaluations visuelles de l'etat du reseau routier sont generalement effectuees regulièrement a des frequences precises. Il est toutefois necessaire d'ajouter a ces informations les elements necessaires aux evaluations de la resilience au climat et a la mise en oeuvre de techniques d'adaptation appropriees pour ameliorer la resilience au climat des infrastructures. Ce manuel decrit la nature et la collecte de ce type de donnees, qui ne font normalement pas partie de la collecte de donnees de routine executees a des fins de gestion des actifs. Cela inclut des questions telles que l'erosion, les sols problematiques, le drainage de la route et de son environnement proche ainsi que de l'exterieur de l’emprise routière, l'instabilite des remblais et des deblais, les questions de construction et les problemes d'entretien. Pour des raisons de commodite et pour minimiser les couts, cette collecte doit etre effectuée lors des evaluations visuelles de routine, par les equipes d'evaluation ou d'autres personnes formees specifiquement a cet effet.
pdfAdaptation au climat : Gestion des risques et optimisation de la resilience des acces routiers vulnerables en AfriqueManuel d'adaptation au climatCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingHead, M.;Verhaeghe, B.;Paige-Green, P.;Roux, A. le;Makhanya, S.;Arnold, K.2019L'AfCAP a initie un projet, a partir d'avril 2016, avec le but de produire des orientations regionales sur le developpement d'un acces rural resilient au climat en Afrique grace a  la recherche et au partage des connaissances. L'etude se concentre sur: (a) la demonstration de procedures d'adaptation techniques et non-techniques appropriees; (b) renforcement durable de la capacite de trois pays partenaires de l'AfCAP; (c) le renforcement durable des capacites des autres pays partenaires de l'AfCAP; et d) adoption et integration dans les pays partenaires de l'AfCAP. Ce manuel couvre une partie du point (a) et contribue aux points (b) et (c) ci-dessus.
pdfAlternative Surfacing for Steep Hill Sections in Ghana - Phase 2Project Closure ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR);Building and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Debrah, E.2020The study was aimed at identifying, defining and demonstrating appropriate surfacing options as alternatives to the current gravel wearing courses on the steep hill sections of feeder roads in Ghana. A major outcome was a matrix of three alternative surfacing options (i.e. concrete, bituminous and stone setts/cobbles) for comparison with the gravel wearing courses currently used by the Department of Feeder Roads (DFR), Ghana and a scoping report for Phase 2. The three surfacing types and two base/subbase layer materials provided 18 different interventions for feeder roads in Ghana. In addition, various options of erosion control treatments and alternative drainage structures to kerbs were identified and a cost analysis was conducted.
pdfAlternative Surfacing for Steep Hill Sections in Ghana - Phase 2Draft Guideline for construction of alternative surfacing on steep hills of low-volume roadsCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR);Building and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Debrah, E.2020Steep slopes (gradients in excess of 12%) on low-volume (feeder) roads are at high risk of slope failure, erosion and drainage-related problems that ultimately affect the rural communities in respect of traffic delays, safety, damage to natural resources, and access to social and economic activities. To address these problems, AfCAP commissioned a two-phased study research project in 2016 to investigate suitability of five alternative surfacing materials. This Guideline was developed based on outputs of the project. The purpose of the Guideline is to present step-by-step procedures and specifications for the construction of three different concrete surfacing materials (i.e. thin mesh-reinforced concrete, roller-compacted concrete and non-reinforced concrete), cold mix asphalt and modular surfacing units comprising concrete block paving, concrete stone pitching and hand-packed / cobble stones. The guidelines are to be used as the basis for the preparation of tender documents where applicable, and training of researchers, engineers, supervisors and contractors. The use of labour-based methods and light equipment for construction is the primary philosophy that was used to develop these guidelines.
pdfLow Volume Rural Roads Planning and PrioritisationPrototype Model and Instructions Manual / User GuideMinistry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Islamic Republic of AfghanistanMinistry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan2020The Planning and Prioritisation Toolkit for Low Volune Rural Roads (LVRR) is a user friendly web-based application, intended to assist the officials of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GoIRA) and Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD), more specifically, as methodological tool for planning and prioritising the development and maintenance of the country’s low volume rural roads (tertiary roads).
pdfLow Volume Rural Roads Planning and PrioritisationGuidelineMinistry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Islamic Republic of AfghanistanMinistry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan2020The main objective of the Guideline is to capture best international practice in all aspects of LVRR planning and prioritisation and adjust them to the needs of Afghanistan. It provides guidance to users to ensure that well-considered decisions are made. The present Guideline presents a major departure from traditional practice in all aspects of LVRR provision by examining procedures, practices and methods used in planning, appraisal and prioritisation. The Guideline also promotes the use of a holistic approach to LVRR’s planning and prioritisation which recognises that, after having been weighted, certain criteria need to be satisfied in the different and often interacting dimensions of road planning and prioritisation.
pdfReCAP Final Virtual Event ProgrammeReCAP PMUVisser, C.2020
pdfMulti-criteria systems-based benefits assessment framework for transport research projectsGhana Institute of Management and Public Administration (GIMPA);Building and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Fekpe, E.;Amuzu, M.;Ackaah, W.;Afukaar, F.;Acquah, J.;Addai-Yeboah, A.2020Benefits assessment of investments in research projects is increasingly becoming important to funding agencies and stakeholders in order to demonstrate the effectiveness and benefits of funded projects and to provide guidance for future project appraisal and selection. This paper describes the development of a multi‐criteria benefits assessment framework that is based on systems approach and developed using empirical data from rural road improvement projects funded by the UKAid. The framework is a scoring system where the outputs are presented as a report card or scorecard with scores and ratings assigned to the various subsystems. The scores represent the levels of benefits derived from conducting the research and implementation of products generated thereof. The framework is flexible enough to estimate the benefits for each subsystem independent of the other subsystems. The system can also be used as a decision support tool, providing quantitative information to validate funding and management decisions.
pdfDevelopment and Pilot-Implementation of Distance Learning Modules on Rural Road Infrastructure and Transport Services Related TopicsFinal ReportUniversity of BirminghamBurrow, M.;Ghataora, G.;Hughes, D.;Turner, M.;Wells, I.;Bollins, J.;Ngezahayo, E.2020The University of Birmingham commenced the Development and Pilot-Implementation of Distance Learning Modules on Rural Road Infrastructure and Transport Services related topics project in October 2019. The project developed two pilot modules in Proficiency testing schemes and Climate resilience and adaptation of rural roads. The final report summarises the progress made in designing and delivering the two online courses, presents an assessment of participant feedback and makes recommendations for the future delivery of the two courses. The main tasks completed during the final phase of the project have been the delivery of the two pilot on-line courses, engaging with two partner institutions (Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, Ethiopia and Bangladesh University of Engineering Technology), and undertaking an evaluation of the pilot courses.
pdfDevelopment and Pilot-Implementation of Distance Learning Modules on Rural Road Infrastructure and Transport Services Related TopicsInception ReportUniversity of BirminghamBurrow, M.;Ghataora, G.;Hughes, D.;Sasidharan, M.2019The University of Birmingham commenced the Development and Pilot-Implementation of Distance Learning Modules on Rural Road Infrastructure and Transport Services related topics topic in October 2019. The project seeks to develop two modules. This Inception Report is the first deliverable and identifies updates to the methodology and information collated since the award of the contract. The main tasks completed in this period are the selection of the Learning Management System (LMS), namely FutureLearn, a delivery style (Massive Open Online Course), the development of the learning objectives for the two courses, an expanded outline for each course, a set of criteria for partner institution selection and the course evaluation methodology.
pdfLignes directrices pour les professionnels de la gestion du patrimoine d'infrastructures routièresCivil Design SolutionsCivil Design Solutions2020L'Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) a fourni une assistance technique pour favoriser l'amélioration des performances de gestion des actifs dans certaines agences de routes rurales dans quatre pays d'Afrique subsaharienne. Les quatre pays participants sont la Zambie, l'Ouganda, la Sierra Leone et la province du Cap-Occidental en Afrique du Sud. Le projet a encouragé un changement d'approche des agences de routes rurales en ce qui concerne la gestion de leurs réseaux routiers ; il a encouragé une approche holistique, dans laquelle les agences routières considèrent les six éléments constitutifs de la pyramide de préservation des routes. Sur la base du projet, des directives destinées aux praticiens ont été élaborées pour une gestion efficace des actifs des routes rurales. Les lignes directrices comprennent des outils d'évaluation des performances et de gestion qui ont été développés et testés sur le terrain.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaProject Closure ReportIntech Associates;Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2020This has been an AfCAP supported capacity building project in Zambia that sought to introduce a cost-effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance by using agricultural tractor-based technologies already successfully applied in a number of countries in the SSA region. This project verifies the applicability of these approaches for the Zambian unpaved road network and demonstrates that the adoption of these methods could reduce road maintenance costs by more than 50%. This report describes the review of the activities of the Consultant's team members and local counterparts in the period up until the termination of Phase 2 of the project.
pdfSocio-Economic Impact Evaluation and Planning and Prioritisation Toolkit for Low Volume Rural Roads in AfghanistanProgress Report 2PLANET SA;ATR ConsultingKouri, P.;Katsochis, D.;Papoutsis, D.;Durk Langeraar, W.;Tsonidis, L.2020Afghanistan has approximately 120,000 km of roads comprised of different categories. A total of 76,000 km of these roads are rural access roads (also known as “village access roads" or “tertiary roads"), which are broadly comparable to Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR). This project (AFG2159A) has two components: the first component involves an analysis of the socio-economic impact evaluation of rural roads in Afghanistan; and the second component involves the design and development of a planning and prioritisation toolkit. This document is the second progress report on the effort made so far (June 2020) on the second component, the development of a planning and prioritisation toolkit.
pdfEstablishment of Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport LeadershipStatus ReportKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologySakyi, V.;Adams, C.2020This Status Report outlines the progress to date made in the execution of the activities and deliverables captured in the two-month extension period from the 20th of September to the 30th of November 2020. It summarizes the set-up preparatory activities for the formal take-off and effective blended online facilitation for the Master of Transport Leadership course and academic progress made in launching the MSc in Transport Leadership (MTL) in January 2021 and discusses various options for delivering this course.
pdfRaters' Guideline for Visual Assessment of Road PavementsPart E: Unpaved RoadsCivil Design SolutionsPinard, M.;Geddes, R.2020Visual assessments of road condition are used to determine Visual Condition Indices, determine maintenance and rehabilitation needs, and prioritise projects in a decision support system. Visual Condition indices are, in turn, used to monitor the changing condition of roads over time. Therefore, the data that are recorded during the visual assessment must be collected in a systematic, repeatable and consistent manner. This can be achieved by using the guidance provided in this document. The suite of Raters' Guidelines comprises five parts. Part A provides general guidance on assessing the degree and extent of defects, field assessment procedures and quality assurance. Parts B to E provide detailed descriptions of the various distress types and guidance on assessing the degree of distress for Flexible Pavements, Concrete Pavements, Block Pavements and Unpaved Roads. This document concerns Part E.
pdfRaters' Guideline for Visual Assessment of Road PavementsPart D: Block PavementsCivil Design SolutionsPinard, M.;Geddes, R.2020Visual assessments of road condition are used to determine Visual Condition Indices, determine maintenance and rehabilitation needs; and prioritise projects in a decision support system. Visual Condition indices are, in turn used to monitor the changing condition of roads over time. Therefore, the data that are recorded during the visual assessment must be collected in a systematic, repeatable, and consistent manner. This can be achieved by using the guidance provided in this document. The suite of Raters' Guidelines comprises five parts. Part A provides general guidance on assessing the degree and extent of defects, field assessment procedures and quality assurance. Parts B to E provide detailed descriptions of the various distress types and guidance on assessing the degree of distress for Flexible Pavements, Concrete Pavements, Block Pavements and Unpaved Roads. This document concerns Part D.
pdfRaters' Guideline for Visual Assessment of Road PavementsPart C: Concrete PavementsCivil Design SolutionsPinard, M.;Geddes, R.2020Visual assessments of road condition are used to determine Visual Condition Indices, determine maintenance and rehabilitation needs; and prioritise projects in a decision support system. Visual Condition indices are, in turn used to monitor the changing condition of roads over time. Therefore, the data that are recorded during the visual assessment must be collected in a systematic, repeatable and consistent manner. This can be achieved by using the guidance provided in this document. The suite of Raters' Guidelines comprises five parts. Part A provides general guidance on assessing the degree and extent of defects, field assessment procedures and quality assurance. Parts B to E provide detailed descriptions of the various distress types and guidance on assessing the degree of distress for Flexible Pavements, Concrete Pavements, Block Pavements and Unpaved Roads. This document concerns Part C.
pdfRaters' Guideline for Visual Assessment of Road PavementsPart B: Flexible PavementsCivil Design SolutionsPinard, M.;Geddes, R.2020Visual assessments of road conditions are used to determine Visual Condition Indices for various purposes. These include assessing maintenance and rehabilitation needs, prioritisation of projects in a decision support system, or for research purposes. Visual Condition indices are, in turn, used to monitor the changing condition of roads over time for maintenance management or research purposes. Therefore, the data that are recorded during the visual assessment must be collected in a systematic, repeatable, and consistent manner. This can be achieved by using the guidance provided in this document. The suite of Raters' Guidelines comprises five parts. Part A provides general guidance on assessing the degree and extent of defects, field assessment procedures and quality assurance. Parts B to E provide detailed descriptions of the various distress types and guidance on assessing the degree of distress for Flexible Pavements, Concrete Pavements, Block Pavements and Unpaved Roads. This document concerns Part B.
pdfRaters' Guideline for Visual Assessment of Road PavementsPart A: GeneralCivil Design SolutionsPinard, M.;Geddes, R.2020Visual assessments of road condition are used to determine Visual Condition Indices, determine maintenance and rehabilitation needs; and prioritise projects in a decision support system. Visual Condition indices are, in turn used to monitor the changing condition of roads over time. Therefore, the data that are recorded during the visual assessment must be collected in a systematic, repeatable and consistent manner. This can be achieved by using the guidance provided in this document. The suite of Raters' Guidelines comprises five parts. Part A (this document) provides general guidance on assessing the degree and extent of defects, field assessment procedures and quality assurance. Parts B to E provide detailed descriptions of the various distress types and guidance on assessing the degree of distress for Flexible Pavements, Concrete Pavements, Block Pavements and Unpaved Roads.
pdfGuideline for Planning, Design and Monitoring of Experimental Road Sections to Measure Long-Term Pavement PerformanceCivil Design SolutionsPaige-Green, P.;Pinard, M.;Geddes, R.2020The construction and monitoring of experimental sections is a fundamental aspect of road research. Such sections can be designed to demonstrate and verify different options in design, material utilisation and construction methods, particularly for low volume roads. Invaluable lessons can be learnt from the monitoring of such sections which can be used to modify national standards in order to provide an appropriate and economical level of service to road users. Each experiment must have a specific objective. Different types of experiment have different impacts on the overall road performance and need to be monitored appropriately to determine the impact of the experimental factor. Monitoring data must be collected in a systematic and accurate manner covering wet and dry seasons and over a substantial time period. Analysis of the data must be carried out to determine the causes of defects and failures where these have occurred, and which solutions perform well and can be implemented on a larger scale.
pdfResearch background to the DCP-DN Pavement Design Method for Low Volume Sealed RoadsTshwane University of Technology;MyCube Asset ManagementPaige-Green, P.;Zyl, G. van2019Widespread implementation of the DCP-DN design method has been promoted internationally over the past decade or so. The method has progressed from a simple determination of the in situ CBR investigation based on DCP-CBR correlations with respective cover requirements to a more sophisticated method using the DCP penetration data directly and omitting any need to use correlations with the CBR. The design catalogues were originally based on extensive studies of existing roads, which have been slightly modified and extended to traffic up to 1 million standard axles. This paper summarises the development of the method, some of the advantages and compares the design structures with other recognised and widely implemented designs.
pdfImproving the resilience and quality of rural road infrastructure through landslide management and optimisation of road reserve use - Phase 2LMTR and GIS update reportICS Engineering and Environment LtdOostenrijk, A. van2020ReCAP is funding a research study in Uganda with the overall objective to improve the climate resilience and quality of road infrastructure through landslide management and optimisation of road reserve use. This report describes the work undertaken in connection with Activity 2, i.e. the further development of the Landslide and Road Reserves Management Toolkit (LRMT), instigated during Phase 1 was and completed during this Phase 2 of the project. The LRMT provides an effective means for the Uganda National Roads Authority (UNRA) to collate and update a landslide dataset for its road network. The LRMT also contains the locations of over 1400 landslides collected from the published literature by other members of the team and a landslide susceptibility map that can be used by UNRA to examine their own landslide locations in the context of national landslide susceptibility. Users can also view the landslide distribution in Google Maps.
pdfLow Volume Roads ManualVolume 2: Geometric Design and Road SafetyRoad Development Agency (RDA), ZambiaRoad Development Agency Zambia2019This Pavement Design Manual for Low Volume Roads, developed with AfCAP support, applies to the design of District and Tertiary Roads in rural areas and lower-order road networks in urban and peri-urban environments in Zambia. The main purpose of the Manual is to provide all practitioners with comprehensive guidance on the wide range of factors that need to be addressed in a holistic and environmentally sustainable manner when designing unpaved roads or undertaking their upgrading to a paved standard. This file concerns Volume 2: Geometric Design and Road Safety
pdfLow Volume Roads ManualVolume 1: Pavement DesignRoad Development Agency (RDA), ZambiaRoad Development Agency Zambia2019This Pavement Design Manual for Low Volume Roads, developed with AfCAP support, applies to the design of District and Tertiary Roads in rural areas and lower-order road networks in urban and peri-urban environments in Zambia. The main purpose of the Manual is to provide all practitioners with comprehensive guidance on the wide range of factors that need to be addressed in a holistic and environmentally sustainable manner when designing unpaved roads or undertaking their upgrading to a paved standard. This file concerns Volume 1: Pavement Design.
pdfIdentification of hazardous sites and the recommendation of remedial measures on selected rural roadsFinal ReportBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Afukaar, F.;Agyemang, W.;Opoku Agyeman, K.2017The overall objective of the project is to develop an Accident Blackspot Management System (ABMS) which will form the basis of a coordinated approach to road safety on the rural road network which is the responsibility of the Department of Feeder Roads (DFR), to achieve a reduction in road traffic crashes and casualties. This Main Report details the completion of road crash data collection, development of strip maps and a crash database for the project. It has clearly been demonstrated that the initial list of hazardous locations identified, based merely on crash frequency must be ranked based on the severity score criterion (weighted by crash severity) in order to identify those sites that warrant further in-depth analysis. Detailed analysis to identify the safety problems at these hazardous locations clearly aided the selection of appropriate and cost-effective countermeasures and that the First Year Rate of Return (FYRR) is an effective appraisal method to be used for prioritizing sites for remedial treatment.
pdfLandslide Management Guideline AfCAPICS Engineering and Environment LtdHearn, G.;Howell, J.; Hunt, T.;Thapa, K.2020This Guideline covers the range of landslide hazards that impact the Ugandan road network. This range includes those landslide mechanisms that originate on slopes above and below sections of road, as well as those that are confined to roadside slopes. Guidance on the recognition of landslide hazards is provided, and recommendations are given for route selection, design of cross-section and provisional cutting angles. Options of protection and mitigation are discussed in the context of whether they are relatively low, intermediate or high cost, and guidance is given on the options that populate the low-cost end of the spectrum. Bio-engineering is a particularly important suite of techniques that are described and illustrated in detail.
pdfLandslide Management Guideline UNRAICS Engineering and Environment LtdHearn, G.;Howell, J.; Hunt, T.;Thapa, K.2020This Guideline covers the range of landslide hazards that impact the Ugandan road network. This range includes those landslide mechanisms that originate on slopes above and below sections of road, as well as those that are confined to roadside slopes. Guidance on the recognition of landslide hazards is provided, and recommendations are given for route selection, design of cross-section and provisional cutting angles. Options of protection and mitigation are discussed in the context of whether they are relatively low, intermediate or high cost, and guidance is given on the options that populate the low-cost end of the spectrum. Bio-engineering is a particularly important suite of techniques that are described and illustrated in detail.
pdfInvestigation of the Suitability of Precast/ Pre-Fabricated Modular Bridges for Rural Roads in Nepal - Pilot StudyFinal Stakeholder Workshop ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Kominek, M.;Hine, J.2020This research has focused on defining and developing a new modular system of bridge construction for Nepal, which is suitable for all environments. A modular bridge for Nepal has been designed and two bridges have been constructed, one in Doti district (a hilly area in the far west of Nepal) and one in Parsa district on the flat Terai area of Nepal, to the south west of Kathmandu. This stakeholder workshop was held to assess the progress on the project, disseminate knowledge and explore the potential for future use of the modular bridge technology. The discussions in the workshop confirmed the feasibility of the technology and the potential for the system to become more cost effective as it becomes more established. Recommendations were made to consolidate and advance the modular bridge technology within Nepal.
pdfInvestigation of the Suitability of Pre-cast/Pre- Fabricated Modular Bridges for Rural Roads in Nepal - Pilot StudyBridge 2 ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Kominek, M.2020This research has focused on defining and developing a new modular system of bridge construction for Nepal, which is suitable for all environments. A modular bridge for Nepal has been designed and is being piloted in two locations, one in Doti district (a hilly area in the far west of Nepal) and one in Parsa district on the flat Terai area of Nepal, to the south west of Kathmandu. This report currently covers the completion of the Golmagad Bridge in Doti, in the hills of the Far West of Nepal. The lessons learned from the Bridge 1 fabrication and assembly seem to have been applied successfully to Bridge 2, and the team are not aware of any issues with the completion of Bridge 2.
pdfLife of the Research for Community Access PartnershipProgramme Report 2014-2020ReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020The Life of ReCAP Programme Report highlights achievements and lessons learnt in rural transport research over the six years of ReCAP's operation. It addresses, among other areas, ReCAP's contribution to the three strategic pillars of design and provision of rural road infrastructure, its upkeep and maintenance and the transport services running on it. It also highlights ReCAP's strategy and successes to maximise the value of the research and collaboration to embed and take up research outcomes and ensure rural access features on the agenda of the global sustainable transport discourse.
pdfRural connectivity and SDGsKey issues, challenges, and opportunities for developing countriesReCAP PMUBradbury, A.2020Presentation held at the 13th Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) Forum in November 2020, addressing rural connectivity and the SDGs. The presentation explains the key SDGs goals and indicators relevant to rural access and the work undertaken by the World Bank and ReCAP to improve the methodology of Rural Access Index measurement.
pdfReCAP Impact Case Study on BangladeshFinal Impact Study ReportErnst & Young IndiaSunil, S.;Singh, S.;Saxena, A.2020The Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) is responsible for the rural roads and transportation infrastructure in Bangladesh, with about 353,000 km of rural roads spanning across the country. ReCAP interventions aimed at improving the rural road and transport infrastructure by carrying out targeted research and building research capacity to bring and sustain change. With an aim to gauge the impact of this research conducted, EY undertook an impact study to capture the value created by ReCAP research projects and how much has it improved the rural road and transport infrastructure through its targeted research and capacity building activities to sustain the change. This Final Report consolidates the relevance, credibility, applicability of the research projects conducted in Bangladesh and further validates that combining quantitative and qualitative methods is a useful strategy to increase confidence in impact evaluation findings.
pdfInstructor's Manual For the competency based curriculum for training motorcycle and tricycle riders (Generic)With emphasis on Motorcycle Taxi (Boda Boda) RidersTransaid;Amend;TRL Ltd.Transaid;Amend;TRL Ltd.2019This Instructor's Manual for motorcycle taxi rider training was prepared in the framework of the Motorcycle Taxi and Three-wheelers safety project carried out by Transaid, Amend and TRL Ltd in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda (RAF2114A). This competency based curriculum is designed for training motorcycle and tricycle (also referred to as three-wheeler) riders with an emphasis on motorcycle taxi (boda boda) riders.
pdfA Manual for Motorcycle and Three-Wheeler Taxi Associations (Generic)Guidance on Setting-Up an Association and the Association's Responsibilities to its MembersTransaid;Amend;TRL Ltd.Transaid;Amend;TRL Ltd.2019This Manual for motorcycle taxi associations was prepared in the framework of the Motorcycle Taxi and Three-wheelers safety project carried out by Transaid, Amend and TRL Ltd in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda (RAF2114A). It contains guidance on setting up an association and responsibilities to the association's members.
pdfAlternative Surfacing for Steep Hill Sections in Ghana - Phase 2Final Design ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Debrah, E.2018The AfCAP project on steep hill road sections is investigating the suitability of alternative surfacing on steep gradients of low-volume (feeder) roads in Ghana. This is the final design report, which provides details of the research activities undertaken during the final design stage of the project. The main objective of this report was to finalise the research matrix of alternative surfacings, and to present the final designs, drawings, construction procedures and initial construction costs of all road pavement options to be constructed and monitored on demonstrations sections with steep hill gradients ranging from 12% to 22%. A total of 12 pavement types with five alternative surfacing (stones of approximately 150 mm in size, interlocking block paving, cold mix asphalt, thin mesh-reinforced concrete and roller-compacted concrete) were designed for demonstration purposes.
pdfDevelopment and Updating of Generic DCP-DN Manual and Related AfCAP LVR DCP SoftwareFinal ReportInfra Africa (Pty) LtdPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2020The Malawi Design Manual for Low Volume Sealed Roads Using the DCP Design Method that was developed under AfCAP in 2013 is being revised and updated, together with the associated AfCAP LVR DCP v1.03 software, to take account of the latest developments in DCP-DN technology. The objective is to produce a generic, non-country-specific Manual for application in appropriate environments in African and Asian countries. This Final Report presents the overall outcome of the project.
pdfPerformance of slope stabilization trials on the road network of LaosHearn Georeserve Ltd;Living Resources Ltd;Hearn, G.;Howell, J.; Hunt, T.Landslides pose significant hazards on the road network of Laos. These landslides frequently block access and occasionally result in the subsidence or loss of the carriageway. Several slope stabilization trials focusing on the use of bioengineering techniques and low-cost engineering measures were implemented in 2007 and 2008. Heavy rains in 2018 caused numerous landslides on the road network and a review was undertaken of the performance of the slope stabilization trial sites implemented ten years earlier. The outcome has proved very positive overall and vindicates the efforts made to understand the causes and mechanisms of the observed slope failures and the ground conditions that pertained. The outcomes of this research have been used to strengthen practice in Laos, and further afield, and to provide a valuable basis for future practice.
pdfAt the End of the Feeder RoadUpgrading rural footpaths to motorcycle taxi-accessible tracks in LiberiaSwansea University;Wageningen UniversityJenkins, J.;Peters, K.;Richards, P.2020Over the last 20 years, most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have seen a dramatic change in farm-to-market transport following the introduction and spread of motorcycle taxis.What kind of infrastructure development is needed to further support this local revolution in farm transport? Our study uses a technographic frame to describe and assess the socio-economic and technical impact of upgrading inter-village footpaths to render them usable by motorcycle taxis in off-road rural northern Liberia. We gathered pre-intervention baseline data and post-intervention impact data over a three-year period in villages benefitting from the intervention and in control villages. The quantitative data were supplemented with qualitative data gathered prior, during and after the intervention. We found that upgrading rural footpaths to motorcycle taxi accessible tracks promotes market integration, improves access to education and health facilities, and creates jobs for rural youth, with few negative consequences.
pdfCapacity Building and Mentorship for the Establishment and Implementation of Monitoring & Evaluation Programmes on Experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Sections in Six Africa Countries and MyanmarWorkshops ReportCivil Design SolutionsGeddes, R.;Pinard, M.2020ReCAP provided support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to collect data pertaining to the performance of existing trial/demonstration road sections. Monitoring of these sections was carried out in accordance with regional guidelines, which were updated under the project. Workshops were held at the end of the project to discuss the findings and outcome of the research, consolidate the project achievements and agree the way forward. Country workshops were held with Kenya, Uganda and Malawi in July 2020 regarding the draft final monitoring reports of each country. A regional workshop was help over two sessions on 18th and 20th August 2020 with ten countries that were involved in LTPP monitoring under ReCAP.
pdfReCAP Impact Case Study on EthiopiaFinal Impact Study ReportHitcon Engineering PLCDemissie, M.;Addisu, A.;Mezgebu, D.2020The impact case study reported here builds on the works done in phase I (June 2008 to July 2014) to demonstrate the contribution of ReCAP research undertaken since 2014 in Ethiopia in a qualitative and/or quantitative manner and in the wider causal package towards improved rural access in Ethiopia. This impact Study report, apart from assessing the overall performance of the ReCAP supported research works, evaluates the success and contribution of ReCAP programme in bringing the desired impact as well as achieving changes and improved research capacity in Ethiopia. Accordingly, the outcome and the outputs obtained from the research projects for each indicator are reviewed. From the analysis and evaluation of the Impact, outcome and output indicators it is concluded that the achievement obtained is positive and the contribution of ReCAP collaborated research was fruitful.
pdfLow Volume Rural Roads Guideline and StandardsVolume 2: Geometric Design and Road SafetyMinistry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Islamic Republic of AfghanistanMinistry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan2020This Geometric Design and Road Safety Guideline for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR) applies to Tertiary Roads and minor Secondary Roads in Afghanistan. The main purpose of the Guideline is to provide all practitioners with comprehensive guidance on the wide range of factors that need to be addressed in a holistic and environmentally sustainable manner when undertaking the geometric design of rural roads, including the provision of road safety measures. It retains those aspects of the existing MRRD documents that are relevant to LVRRs and addresses the gaps that have been identified from their evaluation to produce a new self-standing Guideline that will replace the current guidelines.
pdfLow Volume Rural Roads Guideline and StandardsVolume 1: Pavement DesignMinistry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Islamic Republic of AfghanistanMinistry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan2020This Pavement Design Guideline for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRRs) applies to Tertiary Roads and minor Secondary Roads in Afghanistan. The main purpose of the Guideline is to provide all practitioners with comprehensive guidance on the wide range of factors that need to be addressed in a holistic and environmentally sustainable manner when planning and designing unpaved roads or undertaking their upgrading to a paved standard. It retains those aspects of the existing MRRD documents that are relevant to LVRRs and addresses the gaps that have been identified from their evaluation to produce a new self-standing Guideline that will replace the current guidelines.
pdfUser Manual for the ReCAP LVR DCP Software v1.00User ManualInfra Africa (Pty) LtdPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2020The Malawi Design Manual for Low Volume Sealed Roads Using the DCP Design Method that was developed under AfCAP in 2013 has been revised and updated, together with the associated AfCAP LVR DCP software and User Manual, to take account of the latest developments in DCP-DN technology. This has led to the development of a generic manual for the Pavement Design of Low Volume Roads Using the DCP-DN Method (August 2020), as well as an upgraded version of the software – ReCAP LVR DCP v 1.00 and a revised User Manual. This document provides the contents of the new User Manual.
pdfPavement Design for Low Volume Roads using the DCP-DN MethodManualInfra Africa (Pty) LtdPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2020UK aid has been at the forefront of supporting research in the design of low volume roads (LVRs) in Africa and Asia to improve rural access to infrastructure and transport services. The research has included the development and enhancement of a method of pavement design for low volume roads (LVRs) based on DN values for materials strength derived with the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP). The DCP-DN method is an alternative to the more traditional methods of pavement design, which are based on the use of the California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The purpose of this Manual is to provide guidance on the structural design of gravel and paved roads using the DCP-DN Design Method.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaBi-monthly Progress Report 1Intech Associates;Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2019This is a capacity building project that seeks to introduce a cost-effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance by using tractor-based technologies already successfully applied in a number of countries in the region. This report, commissioned by AfCAP for the Road Development Agency (RDA), describes the activities of the Consultant’s team members who visited Zambia on three occasions in November and December 2019 to facilitate the preparations for, and start of, the main training and demonstration activities in December 2019.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaPhase 1 Workshop ReportIntech Associates;Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2018This is a capacity building project that seeks to introduce a cost- effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance by using tractor-based technologies already successfully applied in a number of countries in the region. This report describes final Phase 1 preparatory activities of the Project. This included the intermediate equipment study tour to Pietermaritzburg, RSA to inspect the manufacturer’s premises and witness the demonstration of their heavy towed grader and other tractor based road maintenance equipment. The Phase 1 workshop, held in Lusaka in March 2018 is also documented, with the workshop recommendations.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaProject Implementation PlanIntech Associates;Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2018This is a capacity building project that seeks to introduce a cost- effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance by using tractor-based technologies already successfully applied in a number of countries in the regionThis report describes the recommendations for the planned project implementation of activities (training, maintenance work) and respective operational budget, including appropriate works planning, management, task, productivity, contingency, recording, costing, performance & cost benchmark systems, following the successful completion of the Phase 1 preparatory work.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaCurricula Review and Training ReportIntech Associates;Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2018This is a capacity building project that seeks to introduce a cost- effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance by using tractor-based technologies already successfully applied in a number of countries in the region and Zambia specifically. This report describes the activities and outcomes of the review of existing training materials and arrangements relevant to the tractor technology road works approaches that the project has been designed for.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaChongwe District Road Inventory and ConditionClanview Civils;Intech AssociatesGongera, K.;Petts, R.2017Chongwe District in Zambia has been selected as the location for a Tractor Technology Demonstration and Training Unit (DTU) supported by AfCAP. This report describes the activities in establishing and surveying the current road inventory and network condition in Chongwe district, to be used for benchmarking and planning purposes before implementing the DTU Project operations.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaBi-monthly Progress Report 3Clanview Civils;Intech AssociatesGongera, K.;Petts, R.2020This is a capacity building project that seeks to introduce a cost-effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance by using tractor-based technologies already successfully applied in a number of countries in the region. This report for the Zambian Road Development Agency (RDA), describes the activities of the Consultant’s team members and local counterparts in the period until mid-April 2020, to facilitate the main training and demonstration activities in 2020.
pdfImproving the resilience and quality of rural road infrastructure through landslide management and optimisation of road reserve use - Phase 2Land controls reportICS Engineering and Environment LtdTabuti, J.2020The Uganda road network covers 159,366 km of which only 6304 km are paved. In order to expand and maintain the road network there is need to understand the policy, legal and institutional framework governing the use and acquisition of land; the evolution of land use/land cover changes over time; and the human activities undertaken in the Right of Way (ROW) and road corridors, and non-human factors that influence the performance of the road infrastructure. In the framework of this ReCAP project the researchers have investigated these issues by reviewing relevant literature, conducting a field survey and by interviewing some key stakeholders.
pdfImproving the resilience and quality of rural road infrastructure through landslide management and optimisation of road reserve use -Phase 2GIS reportICS Engineering and Environment LtdMbuga, R.;Hearn, G.2020ReCAP is funding a research study in Uganda with the overall objective to improve the climate resilience and quality of road infrastructure through landslide management and optimisation of road reserve use. This report addresses the development of a GIS layer of published and known landslide locations along with published landslide susceptibility maps, and comparison of the two. Published landslide susceptibility datasets were reviewed, and maps created from the shapefiles received. Landslide density analyses were performed by overlying the landslide distribution onto the susceptibility maps. With a logical progression in landslide density between five susceptibility classes, the map of Broeckx et al. (2018) was selected for use as a background reference layer in the Landslide and Road Reserve Management Toolkit (LRMT).
pdfEstablishment of Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport LeadershipHandover plan Mott MacDonald;University of Cape Town;University of BirminghamJones, S.;Zuidgeest, M.;Vanderschuren, M.;Hughes, D.;Adams, C.;Kelly, K.;Nnene, O.;Gambiza, P.2020Under the auspices of the ReCAP Programme, Mott MacDonald, the University of Cape Town and the University of Birmingham commenced implementation of tasks towards the establishment of a Centre for sub-Saharan Transport Leadership (CSSTL) in February 2019. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) was selected to host the CSSTL. This handover plan assumes that funding for ReCAP ends in September 2020 and KNUST will take ownership of quality assuring and delivering the MSc in Transport Leadership (MTL) starting in January 2021 and moving towards the goal of a self-sustainable CSSTL in the medium to long term.
pdfCall for Expressions of Interest (EoI) for hosting the ReCAP Rural Access LibraryAddendum No. 1ReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Addendum no 1 to call for Expressions of Interest for hosting the Rural Access Library.
pdfImproving Rural Access through ReCAP ResearchLessons from six years of strategic researchReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Presentation of the Life of ReCAP Programme Report, delivered during a joint Devex/ReCAP webinar on Thursday 10 September 2020 drawing on six years of strategic research implemented by ReCAP.
pdfRural Access Index (RAI) / SDG 9.1.1TRL Ltd.Workman, R.2020Presentation held at the 6th International UN Conference on Big Data for Official Statistics by TRL on the Rural Access Index consolidation, validation and pilot implementation project.
pdfConsolidation, Revision and Pilot Application of the Rural Access Index (RAI)TG3 Final ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2020The overall aims of this ReCAP project were to develop a harmonised approach to measurement of the Rural Access Index (RAI) that is relevant, consistent and sustainable, and which facilitates the implementation of RAI across United Nations (UN) member countries. The project has consolidated existing and proposed approaches to data collection and measurement in collaboration with the World Bank and other stakeholders and presents a refined measurement process designed to minimise inconsistencies in data collection, meet international standards and provide a clear framework for data validation. This report primarily covers Task Group 3 (TG3) of the project. During this phase, a scientific paper was prepared for publication in a relevant journal, focused on how to motivate countries to measure RAI. A Roadmap and Policy Guide document were also completed.
pdfGuidelines on the Planning, Design and Implementation of Rural TransportIntegrating Access Infrastructure and Transport Services ProvisionTRL Ltd.Starkey, P.;Hine, J.;Workman, R.2020These guidelines are provided to assist rural road authorities and the agencies with responsibility for rural roads to collaborate with the departments charged with regulating transport services and local authorities in order to provide and maintain roads fit-for-purpose for the prevailing transport services. The guidelines derive from the ‘Interactions: Maintenance-Provision of Access for Rural Transport Services (IMPARTS)' project funded by UK Aid, which examined how investments in low-volume rural road (LVRR) construction (provision) and maintenance (preservation) affect rural transport services (RTS).
pdfInvestigation of the Suitability of Pre-cast/Prefabricated Modular Bridges for Rural Roads in Nepal – Pilot StudyFinal Report and Cost Benefit AnalysisTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Kominek, M.;Hine, J.2020This research has focused on defining and developing a new modular system of bridge construction for Nepal, which is suitable for all environments. The motivation for this project came from the Department of Local Infrastructure and Agricultural Roads (DoLIDAR), (now called the Department of Local Infrastructure [DoLI) with their need to expeditiously construct up to 2,000 new high-quality bridges and to support the expansion of the rural road network. A modular bridge for Nepal has been designed and has been trialled in two locations, one in Doti district (a hilly area in the far west of Nepal) and one in Parsa district on the flat Terai area of Nepal, to the south west of Kathmandu. This report sets out the main conclusions from the project and makes some recommendations for future use of modular bridge technology in Nepal.
pdfCall for Expressions of Interest (EoI) for hosting the ReCAP Rural Access LibraryReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020With this call for Expressions of Interest, ReCAP commences the process of selecting a future host for the RAL. A future host would preferably be an institution that can carry forward the management and maintenance of the repository at its own cost or through other means of financial support, keeping it open - free of charge - to researchers and practitioners globally as a key reference point on rural road infrastructure and transport research.
pdfDevelopment and Updating of Generic DCP-DN Manual and Related AfCAP LVR DCP SoftwareInception ReportInfra Africa PtyPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2020The Malawi Design Manual for Low Volume Sealed Roads Using the DCP Design Method that was developed under AfCAP in 2013 is being revised and updated, together with the associated AfCAP LVR DCP software, to take account of the latest developments in DCP-DN technology. The objective is to produce a generic, non-country-specific manual for application in appropriate environments in African and Asian countries. This Inception Report presents the outcome of a desk study and literature review of various projects, studies and reports that are relevant to the revised DCP-DN Manual and includes a draft Table of Contents and snag-list of issues to be addressed in the updated design software.
pdfDevelopment of a Rural Road Note (RRN) on Pavement Design Methods for Low Volume Rural RoadsFinal Project ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Rolt, J.2020Pavement design is a major part of the road provision process and has a major impact on the cost of low volume rural roads. There are six popular pavement design methods available for the design of low volume rural roads. However, the selection of which method to apply under which conditions has not been addressed in these manuals. To this, end a Rural Road Note 01: A Guide on the Application of Pavement Design Methods for Low Volume Rural Roads was developed. The development process included stakeholder consultation, scoping, drafting, reviews, publishing and dissemination. A Stakeholder Working Group (SWG) and the ReCAP Technical Panel (TP) worked closely with the authors. Finally, the RRN was reviewed by an Independent Technical Reviewer. This report presents the process undertaken in the development of the Rural Road Note. The project was completed successfully.
pdfDevelopment of a Rural Road Note (RRN) on Pavement Design Methods for Low Volume Rural RoadsTraining-of-Trainers ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.2020Through a process of stakeholder consultation, review of design documents and literature, drafting, Stakeholder Working Group review workshops, and technical reviews, the Rural Road Note 01: A Guide on the Application of Pavement Design Methods for Low Volume Rural Roads was developed under a ReCAP funded project. To ensure uptake and embedment, a Training of Trainers was conducted for participants from the 17 ReCAP partner countries. Feedback from the participants indicated that the training provided good technical knowledge, was useful, and interesting.
pdfDevelopment of Low Volume Road Design Manuals and update of standard specifications and detailed drawings for three AfCAP member countries in West AfricaThird Workshop ReportCivil Design SolutionsGeddes, R.;Goldie-Scott, H.2019ReCAP is funding the preparation of manuals for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) for Liberia, Sierra Leone and Ghana. The new manuals draw on similar documents developed in other ReCAP participating countries and existing material available in the participating countries. The third workshops were held in Liberia and Sierra Leone in May 2019, and in Ghana in July 2019, with the purpose of launching the LVR manuals.
pdfAlternative surfacings for low volume roads in Ghana, Sierra Leone and LiberiaTraining ReportAureconHartman, A.2019This project investigated alternative surfacing technologies for use on low volume gravel surfaced roads in Ghana, Sierra Leone and Liberia. The focus was on identifying, investigating, adapting and implementing existing technologies which are fit for purpose. This training report provides the outcomes of the training workshops held on the 4th of February 2019 in Sierra Leone, 17th September 2019 in Ghana and 27th November 2019 in Liberia. The report provides details of the following: Synopsis of the subject matter presented at the workshops, and evaluation of the feedback received at the workshops.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart D - Design of Low Volume Road SurfacingsSierra Leone Roads AuthoritySierra Leone Roads Authority2018The aim of this AfCAP study was to recommend alternative surfacing technologies that may be viable for low volume roads in terms of lifecycle cost savings compared to traditional gravel surfacing in AfCAP countries in the West African Sub Region. This part constitutes Part D of the Manual for Low Volume Roads on design specifications for low volume road surfacings in Sierra Leone.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart D - Design of Low Volume Road SurfacingsMinistry of Public Works, LiberiaMinistry of Public Works, Liberia2018The aim of this AfCAP study was to recommend alternative surfacing technologies that may be viable for low volume roads in terms of lifecycle cost savings compared to traditional gravel surfacing in AfCAP countries in the West African Sub Region. This part constitutes Part D of the Manual for Low Volume Roads on the design specifications for low volume road surfacings in Liberia.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart D - Design of Low Volume Road SurfacingsMinistry of Roads and Highways, GhanaDepartment for Feeder Roads2019The aim of this AfCAP study was to recommend alternative surfacing technologies that may be viable for low volume roads in terms of lifecycle cost savings compared to traditional gravel surfacing in AfCAP countries in the West African Sub Region. This part constitutes Part D of the Manual for Low Volume Roads on the design specifications for low volume road surfacings in Ghana.
pdfRural Mobility and Socio-Economic Baseline Pilot Study in LiberiaFinal Workshop ReportUniversity of BirminghamBopoto, C.;Addai-Yeboah, A.2019 The Liberian Ministry of Public Works (MPW) is to establish a Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for assessing the socio- economic impacts of rural road improvement projects.The project is sponsored by theDFID funded Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) and is being undertaken by the University of Birmingham using the Liberian Swedish Feeder Roads Project (LSFRP), funded by the Swedish Government, as a pilot case study. This report covers the train-the-trainer workshop held in Monrovia from 9 to 12July 2019. The report summarises the proceedings of a highly interactive and practical workshop on the online M&E Database management.
pdfRural Mobility and Socio-Economic Baseline Pilot Study in LiberiaWebinar Two ReportUniversity of BirminghamBurrow, M.;Sasidharan, M.2020 The Liberian Ministry of Public Works (MPW) is to establish a Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for assessing the socio- economic impacts of rural road improvement projects.The project is sponsored by theDFID funded Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) and is being undertaken by the University of Birmingham using the Liberian Swedish Feeder Roads Project (LSFRP), funded by the Swedish Government, as a pilot case study. This report covers the second in a series of four webinars, delivered on 13February, 2020. Participants were shown how to create and edit road projects and how to show these on the M&E's GIS system.
pdfRural Mobility and Socio-Economic Baseline Pilot Study in LiberiaWebinar One ReportUniversity of BirminghamBurrow, M.;Sasidharan, M.2019The Liberian Ministry of Public Works (MPW) is to establish a Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for assessing the socio- economic impacts of rural road improvement projects.The project is sponsored by theDFID funded Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) and is being undertaken by the University of Birmingham using the Liberian Swedish Feeder Roads Project (LSFRP), funded by the Swedish Government, as a pilot case study. This report covers a webinar delivered on 21 November 2019. Participants were provided with an overview of the capabilities of the system as well as the salient issues pertaining to conducting data collection exercises in the fields. It was agreed to hold two further webinars demonstrating a case study based on actual projects but using simulated data.
pdfRural Mobility and Socio-Economic Baseline Pilot Study in LiberiaFinal ReportUniversity of BirminghamBopoto, C.;Addai-Yeboah, A.2019To this end, the Liberian Ministry of Public Works (MPW) is working towards the establishment of a Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for assessing the socio-economic impacts of rural road improvement projects. The system is being established with the assistance of ReCAP using the Liberian Swedish Feeder Roads Project (LSFRP) funded by the Swedish Government as a case pilot study under a consultancy agreement with the University of Birmingham. This Final Report presents the outcomes of the study and gives guidelines on conducting socio-economic impact baseline and follow up studies on rural road projects in Liberia. Key issues arising from the study include the need to focus on creating synergies amongst ministries, agencies and projects that are active in the rural roads sector to enable the effective sharing of resources and data required to build the M&E System. The Road Fund is seen as key to ensuring sustainability of the system through providing funds for revamping MPW's IT system in the short term, and funding data collection activities in the future.
pdfFacilitation Services for Consultation on Motorcycles Operations in GhanaFinal ReportBRRIAfukaar, F.;Damsere-Derry, J.2019Motorcycle and tricycle taxis have, in recent years, become an important public transport service option in Ghana. Nonetheless, the road traffic regulations (LI 2180) in the country forbid the use of Powered Two- or Three-Wheelers (PTWs) to offer fare-paying passenger services. The Ministry of Transport (MoT) is reviewing the transport regulations including the Legislative Instrument (LI) 2180, which proscribes the use of PTWs for fare-paying passenger services. Consequently, a nationwide consultation was commissioned to elicit perspectives of all transport stakeholders from the ten previous regional capitals on the current legislation, which bans the use of PTWs to offer fare-paying passenger services. It was unequivocally established that participants wanted the current legislation to be revised to enable PTWs to offer fare-paying passenger services.
pdfAlternative Surfacing for Steep Hill Sections in Ghana - Phase 2Economic Analysis ReportCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Debrah, E.2020CSIR and BRRI Ghana have undertaken the second phase of a study on alternative surfacing for steep slopes on low-volume (feeder) roads in Ghana. This economic analysis has identified some key socio-economic indicators of Akwesiho, Twenedurase, and Akokobenum Nsuo communities. The potential benefits from the project link road between Akwesiho and Twenedurase have been discussed. Residents appreciated the link road would uplift the commercial status of the two villages significantly, and among others, generate employment for the indigenes. An initial construction cost assessment was made for all the pavement options being demonstrated on the project road. Based on whole life-cycle cost analysis, the three concrete surfacing options (i.e. roller-compacted concrete, thin mesh-reinforced concrete, and interlocking concrete bloc paving) were comparable and ranked the lowest costs.
pdfAlternative Surfacing for Steep Hill Sections in Ghana - Phase 2Construction Progress ReportCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Debrah, E.2018CSIR and BRRI Ghana are undertaking the second phase of a study on alternative surfacing for steep slopes on low-volume (feeder) roads in Ghana.This is the first construction progress report on the “Alternative surfacing for steep hill sections in Ghana. The main objective of this report is to present progress on activities that were undertaken after the final design stage of the project including the outcomes project meetings and site visits. In addition, the report highlights series of meetings held in relation to matters to pave way for the construction of the demonstration pavement structures. A detailed schedule of construction activities, and planned resources for construction of five demonstration sections and one control section are highlighted. The schedule and timelines for various tasks/activities were prepared based on discussions between the project team and Contractor.
pdfUnlocking the socio-economic potential of rural Ghana through policy interventions for rural transport servicesPolicy BriefBRRI;Swansea UniversityAfukaar, F.;Damsere-Derry, J.;Peters, K.2017This policy brief provides key recommendations emanating from research aimed at better understanding and measuring the adequacy of rural transport services for meeting the access needs of rural people in Ghana. In this research, three rural roads were selected for the study. Based on the rural transport diagnostic study conducted, it is evident that motorcycles (taxis) and tricycles provide crucial commercial transport services to facilitate rural agriculture, trade, and access to health services in the rural communities. It is recommended that the Road Traffic Regulations (LI 2180) be revised to allow motorcycles and tricycles to offer commercial passenger transport services in rural areas within a regulatory framework that addresses driver training, road safety and enforcement of vehicle loading capacities.
pdfInfluencing Rural Transport Policy and Practice through Applied ResearchA ReCAP PerspectiveReCAP PMULeta, N.2020Presentation held at the ADB Transport Forum held on 24-28 August 2020, addressing an overview of the ReCAP programme and providing key recommendations to ADB for uptake and embedment of rural transport research.
pdfLow Volume Roads ManualVolume 2: Geometric Design and Road SafetyMinistry of Transport and Public Works, Republic of MalawiRoads Authority2020 This Design Manual for Low Volume Roads applies to the pavement design of District, Community and Private roads in rural areas and lower-order road and street networks in urban environments in Malawi. The main purpose of the Manual is to provide all practitioners with comprehensive guidance on the wide range of factors that need to be addressed in a holistic and environmentally sustainable manner when designing unpaved roads or undertaking their upgrading to a paved standard. The Manual takes account of best practice developments in low volume roads technology that have evolved both regionally and internationally in the past few decades. This part constitutes Volume 2 on Geometric design for rural and urban roads and road safety.
pdfLow Volume Roads ManualVolume 1: Pavement DesignMinistry of Transport and Public Works, Republic of MalawiRoads Authority2020This Design Manual for Low Volume Roads applies to the pavement design of District, Community and Private roads in rural areas and lower-order road and street networks in urban environments in Malawi. The main purpose of the Manual is to provide all practitioners with comprehensive guidance on the wide range of factors that need to be addressed in a holistic and environmentally sustainable manner when designing unpaved roads or undertaking their upgrading to a paved standard. The Manual takes account of best practice developments in low volume roads technology that have evolved both regionally and internationally in the past few decades. This part constitutes Volume 1 on Pavement Design.
pdfImpact of First Mile Access Improvements on Small-Scale Farming in Kenya and TanzaniaTRL Ltd.;IFRTDWorkman, R.;Hine, J.;Otto, A.;Bezuidenhout, W.;Njenga, P.2020The “First Mile” is a reference to the primary segment of transport that includes the first stage in the movement of goods and services in rural areas. In this research the First Mile links farmers from their farm to the nearest produce collection or consolidation point, or local market. The road infrastructure in this first transport segment in many low income countries often consists of earthen access roads or tracks that are inaccessible to four wheeled vehicles. Means of transport on the first mile vary from human porterage, animal carts, bicycles and motorcycles, to tractors, pickups and small trucks. The transport used is frequently a function of the type and condition of the road. The dynamics of transport on the first mile and the effect it has on farmers' livelihoods and ultimately on poverty, is not well understood. This research aimed to explore this aspect of the transport chain and make recommendations for practical application and policy consideration.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines, Standards and Technical Specifications for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR) in Afghanistan1st Stakeholder Workshop ReportInfra Africa PtyPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2020The development of Guidelines, Standards and Technical Specifications for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR) in Afghanistan has been identified as a priority project by the country's Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD). The main goal of the project is to reduce poverty in rural areas by facilitating improved access to economic and social services for rural communities. This 1st Stakeholder Workshop Report presents the outcome of the discussions held, and agreements reached, at the workshop.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines, Standards and Technical Specifications for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR) in AfghanistanInterim Progress ReportInfra Africa PtyPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2020The development of Guidelines, Standards and Technical Specifications for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR) in Afghanistan has been identified as a priority project by the country's Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD). The main goal of the project is to reduce poverty in rural areas by facilitating improved access to economic and social services for rural communities. This Interim Progress Report outlines progress against expected milestones, any changes to the planned activities and work plan and risks and challenges to the project.
pdfRural transport services: operational characteristics and options for improvementPhase 3 ReportTRL Ltd.Starkey, P.;Hine, J.2020The ‘Interactions: Maintenance-Provision of Access for Rural Transport Services (IMPARTS)' project has examined how investments in low-volume rural road (LVRR) construction and maintenance affect rural transport services (RTS). This report draws on a literature review and consultations with transport users and operators, transport associations and regulatory authorities in several countries. It examines the current operational features of rural transport services and their regulatory environment. It considers whether subsidies for RTS are realistic in low-income countries and also discusses ways in which RTS can be improved.
pdfInteractions between improved rural access infrastructure and transport services provisionFinal ReportTRL Ltd.Stakkey, P.;Hine, J.;Workman, R.2020The ‘Interactions: Maintenance-Provision of Access for Rural Transport Services (IMPARTS)' project has been examining how investments in low-volume rural road (LVRR) construction (provision) and maintenance (preservation) affect rural transport services (RTS). This report discusses the practical implications of the survey results as well as findings concerning possible options to improve RTS. Improvements in RTS are most likely to be achieved through district level participatory initiatives to introduce ways of consolidating passenger numbers, sharing routes and working to timetables. It is recommended that road agencies and transport services agencies collaborate (or integrate).
pdfInvestigation of the Suitability of Pre-cast/Pre- Fabricated Modular Bridges for Rural Roads in Nepal – Pilot StudyStakeholder Workshop ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Kominek, M.2017This research will focus on defining and developing a new modular system of bridge construction for Nepal, which is suitable for all environments. There is a need to provide all-weather access to remote areas in Nepal, and bridges are a key component of this. The motivation for this project came from DoLIDAR with their need to construct up to 2,000 new bridges to support the expansion of the rural road network. At present they use mainly reinforced in-situ concrete bridges, which are slow to construct and pose particular challenges with quality control and transport of materials, especially in hilly areas. The ultimate goal of the research project is to formulate a bridge construction approach for spans of 25m to 40m, built by assembling smaller pre-manufactured units that can be handled with small hauling and lifting devices. A number of designs have been identified for Nepal, but the local bridge site and prevailing conditions will determine which is used. The workshop was able to agree the outline designs and a methodology for moving forwards.
pdfLow Volume Rural Road Design ManualAnnexesMinistry of Construction, Republic of the Union of MyanmarDepartment of Rural Road Development2020This design manual for Low Volume Rural Roads has been developed under the Asia Community Access Parternship (ReCAP). The purpose of the Manual is to serve as a nationally recognised document, the application of which is deemed to serve as a standard reference and ready source of good practice for the planning, investigation, design and construction of low volume rural roads (LVRR)s in Myanmar. This Design Manual provides practical guidance to roads practitioners responsible for the design of low traffic earth, gravel or paved roads throughout Myanmar. The Manual has been drafted to be fully adaptable for use by different stakeholders, at national, state, township and local level administered by authorities, enterprises or communities. This part constitutes the Annexes to the LVRR Manual.
pdfLow Volume Rural Road Design ManualSection C: ImplementationMinistry of Construction, Republic of the Union of MyanmarDepartment of Rural Road Development2020This design manual for Low Volume Rural Roads has been developed under the Asia Community Access Parternship (ReCAP). The purpose of the Manual is to serve as a nationally recognised document, the application of which is deemed to serve as a standard reference and ready source of good practice for the planning, investigation, design and construction of low volume rural roads (LVRR)s in Myanmar. This Design Manual provides practical guidance to roads practitioners responsible for the design of low traffic earth, gravel or paved roads throughout Myanmar. The Manual has been drafted to be fully adaptable for use by different stakeholders, at national, state, township and local level administered by authorities, enterprises or communities. This part constitutes Section C on Implementation (Chapters 12 to 14).
pdfLow Volume Rural Road Design ManualSection B: DesignMinistry of Construction, Republic of the Union of MyanmarDepartment of Rural Road Development2020This design manual for Low Volume Rural Roads has been developed under the Asia Community Access Parternship (ReCAP). The purpose of the Manual is to serve as a nationally recognised document, the application of which is deemed to serve as a standard reference and ready source of good practice for the planning, investigation, design and construction of low volume rural roads (LVRR)s in Myanmar. This Design Manual provides practical guidance to roads practitioners responsible for the design of low traffic earth, gravel or paved roads throughout Myanmar. The Manual has been drafted to be fully adaptable for use by different stakeholders, at national, state, township and local level administered by authorities, enterprises or communities. This part constitutes Section B on Design (Chapters 5 to 11).
pdfLow Volume Rural Road Design ManualSection A: Key PrinciplesMinistry of Construction, Republic of the Union of MyanmarDepartment of Rural Road Development2020This design manual for Low Volume Rural Roads has been developed under the Asia Community Access Parternship (ReCAP). The purpose of the Manual is to serve as a nationally recognised document, the application of which is deemed to serve as a standard reference and ready source of good practice for the planning, investigation, design and construction of low volume rural roads (LVRR)s in Myanmar. This Design Manual provides practical guidance to roads practitioners responsible for the design of low traffic earth, gravel or paved roads throughout Myanmar. The Manual has been drafted to be fully adaptable for use by different stakeholders, at national, state, township and local level administered by authorities, enterprises or communities. This part constitutes Section A on key principles (Chapters 1 to 4).
pdfLow Volume Rural Road Design ManualIntroductionMinistry of Construction, Republic of the Union of MyanmarDepartment of Rural Road Development2020This design manual for Low Volume Rural Roads has been developed under the Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP). The purpose of the Manual is to serve as a nationally recognised document, the application of which is deemed to serve as a standard reference and ready source of good practice for the planning, investigation, design and construction of low volume rural roads (LVRR)s in Myanmar. This Design Manual provides practical guidance to roads practitioners responsible for the design of low traffic earth, gravel or paved roads throughout Myanmar. The Manual has been drafted to be fully adaptable for use by different stakeholders, at national, state, township and local level administered by authorities, enterprises or communities. This part constitutes the Introduction to the LVRR Manual.
pdfÉlaboration d'un Plan Stratégique pour la mise en place d'une capacité de recherche durable sur les routes au sein de la Division de la Recherche de l'Office des Routes en RD CongoAnnexe 1 au Rapport FinalSMEC Kenya Pty LtdNdolo, P.2018 Dans ce cadre, l'AfCAP a confié au Consultant ‘'SMEC'' le projet d'Elaboration d'un Plan Stratégique pour la Mise en Place d'une Capacité de Recherche Durable sur les Routes au sein de la Division de la Recherche de l'Office des Routes en République Démocratique du Congo. Le présent volume constitue Annexe 1 au Rapport Final.
pdfÉlaboration d'un Plan Stratégique pour la mise en place d'une capacité de recherche durable sur les routes au sein de la Division de la Recherche de l'Office des Routes en RD CongoAnnex 2 au Rapport FinalSMEC Kenya Pty LtdAnyume, K.2018Dans ce cadre, l'AfCAP a confié au Consultant ‘'SMEC'' le projet d'Elaboration d'un Plan Stratégique pour la Mise en Place d'une Capacité de Recherche Durable sur les Routes au sein de la Division de la Recherche de l'Office des Routes en République Démocratique du Congo. Le présent volume constitue Annexe 2 au Rapport Final.
pdfÉlaboration d'un Plan Stratégique pour la mise en place d'une capacité de recherche durable sur les routes au sein de la Division de la Recherche de l'Office des Routes en RD CongoRapport FinalSMEC Kenya Pty LtdTshiula, P.;Libebele, J.P.2018Cette étude constitue la première de deux phases d'un projet plus vaste dont l'objectif final est l'installation et le renforcement effectifs d'une unité de Recherche Routière en RDC. Le présent Rapport final constitue le sixième livrable de l'étude. Il présente le plan stratégique élaboré et actualisé par le Consultant SMEC. Il traite notamment des objectifs spécifiques, de la mission et du cadre organisationnel du CRR, ainsi que du schéma de sa création et de sa mise en place. Ce schéma présente la stratégie en trois phases du projet dont la phase préparatoire, la phase de transition-démarrage pour opérer la mutation effective du Département de Recherche et de Développement (DRD) de l'Office des Routes (OdR), ex Division de la Recherche, en Centre de Recherche Routière (CRR) établissement public, et la phase opérationnelle ou de fonctionnement régulier du CRR, toutes avec l'assistance technique d'AfCAP. La phase de transition ne devra pas dépasser trois ans. Le chapitre se termine par l'élaboration d'un Plan d'action (PA) ou programme des actions à mener à court, moyen et long termes.
pdfThe Impact of Drainage on the Performance of Low Volume Sealed RoadsTRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Rolt, J.;Mukura, K.2020Previous studies on the performance of low volume sealed roads have emphasized the importance of good drainage to ensure good performance. The emphasis has been on providing sealed shoulders, adequate crown height, and adequate camber. These studies have not related these cross-sectional features with materials characteristics. This paper investigates the influence of each of these features on the performance of low volume sealed roads and their relation to pavement materials. The features were considered each one at time, using a matrix of three levels of the value of each feature and three levels of performance categories. Thus, presenting a 3x3 performance matrix for each factor. Assessment of the matrices showed that provision of sealed shoulders permits the use of materials of higher plasticity (PI
pdfDesign and Implementation of the Pilot Phase of Mentoring Support for Research Personnel in Transport/Road Research CentresFinal ReportCSIR;ALERT Engineering;Paige-Green ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Araya, A.;Paige-Green, P.2020ReCAP initiated a three-phased mentoring programme consisting of a Scoping Study (Phase 1), a Mentoring Pilot (Phase 2) and the Roll-Out of the programme to all ReCAP countries (Phase 3). Following a scoping study in Uganda on mentoring of national professional staff on research methods (Phase 1), the Mentoring Pilot (Phase 2) aimed at trialling methodology for mentoring research personnel was initiated in Mozambique and Uganda. This Final Report presents the methodology that was adopted for the training of research staff on the essential components of research in order to provide the mentees with a set of skills focussed on their particular development needs. As part of the training, mentees were assigned individual research projects derived from identified and prioritised research needs and were coached and mentored in the initiation of these projects. Based on the lessons learnt from the mentoring pilot, recommendations for Phase 3 of the ReCAP Mentorship Programme have been provided.
pdfEstablishment of Rural Road Research Capacity in MyanmarRDU Business Plan for First Five Years of Operation, Edited Final VersionCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2020This document presents the updated Business Plan for the first five years of operation of the Research and Development Unit (RDU) of the Department of Rural Road Development (DRRD). This version replaces the 2018 version of the plan. The Business Plan is expected to evolve over time in line with the shifting views and expectations of the DRRD under the Ministry of Construction (MOC), and the realities associated with the physical establishment of the RDU. The Business Plan addresses: (a) the vision, mission, goal and strategic objectives of the RDU; (b) governance issues, including the role and responsibilities of the Steering Committee, the institutional and physical location of the RDU, sources of funding, key performance indicators, and strategic relationships and linkages; (c) the short to medium-term research agenda of the RDU, which future revisions will be guided by a Rural Road Research Technical Committee (RRRTC); (d) capacitation of the RDU in terms of human resources and research infrastructure; and (e) knowledge management, inclusive of information transfer. In addition to the above, an indicative budget is provided, which will have to be updated annually by the DRRD.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalFinal Pilot Study ReportHelvetasPandey, G.;Acharya, N.2020This report presents the findings from a three-year pilot study (July 2017-June 2020) which aimed to develop a participatory approach for roadside protection of rural roads in Nepal through the plantation of cash generating crops along the Right of Way (RoW). The study involved an innovative approach through which ownership was fostered by way of a Memorandum of Understanding and agreements between local authorities and local user groups. A RoW Utilisation Manual has been prepared, describing the necessary legal, engineering, bio-engineering and economic aspects. This pilot study report describes the five phases of the project: the start-up, the preparatory activities, the implementation (plantation and training activities), monitoring, maintenance and harvesting of the plantation, and finally the pilot study documentation on completion.
pdfMeasuring the Rural Transport Premium in Shan State, MyanmarFinal ReportTun, K.2020ReCAP has commissioned a study to undertake data collection on the Rural Transport Premium for Impact Indicator in Myanmar on a road connecting a cluster of hill villages (Zeyar, Kyaung Shae Ywa, Kyaung Tang, Thayet Pin and Pantin) to He hoe in Shan State, Myanmar. The indicator is defined as Rural Transport Premium (fares per passenger-kilometres on LVRR relative to fares on long-distance bus services) tracked in four focus countries (Kenya, Tanzania, Nepal, and Myanmar). The study aims to measure the rural transport premium for the year 2020 and compare it with the Research for Community Access Programme logframe transport fare ratio of 2014 for Myanmar. The result demonstrates the ratio between rural passenger fares relative to long-distance bus fares has reduced over the past 6-years period of the ReCAP programme from 3.3 in 2014 to 2.5 in 2020. Dyna truck is the primary mode of transportation service to the project villages.
pdfCapacity Building for the Rural Road Research Centre in MyanmarFinal ReportCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.;Ventura, D.2020Following the completion of the Research and Development Unit (RDU) Business Plan for Myanmar (ReCAP RAS2117A), it was agreed by the Department of Rural Road Development (DRRD) that a Rural Road Research and Development Unit (RDU) would be established, which would focus on research into rural road infrastructure and transport services in Myanmar. To support the establishment of the RDU, AsCAP initiated a project to build capacity among the staff at the newly established RDU facility of the DRRD. This Final Report presents an overview of the interactions and activities undertaken since project initiation (October 2018). It provides a summary of the first visit to Myanmar undertaken in November 2018, the training provided in South Africa during March and April 2019 and the second visit to Myanmar during May-June 2019. It also addresses the updating of the RDU Business Plan, the finalisation of project concept notes, and the drafting of an extended abstract and article.
pdfCapacity Building for the Rural Road Research Centre in MyanmarSecond Interim ReportCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.;Ventura, D.2020 Following the completion of the Research and Development Unit (RDU) Business Plan for Myanmar (ReCAP RAS2117A), it was agreed by the Department of Rural Road Development (DRRD) that a Rural Road Research and Development Unit (RDU) would be established, which would focus on research into rural road infrastructure and transport services in Myanmar. To support the establishment of the RDU, AsCAP initiated a project to build capacity among the staff at the newly established RDU facility of the DRRD. This second interim report provides an overview of the progress that has been made since June 2019. It addresses the finalisation of project concept notes and the second RDU training intervention held in Myanmar. As a result of several logistical challenges, inclusive of these associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, a revised timeline for deliverables had to be set, which is presented in this report.
pdfAméliorer la compréhension sur l'utilisation sécurisée des motos et des motos à trois roues pour le transport ruralRapport Final: République Démocratique de CongoTransaid;AmendBarber, C.;Weijde, K. van der;Bishop, T.2019Ce rapport final sur la RDC présente les conclusions spécifiques du projet "Améliorer la compréhension de l'utilisation sécurisée des motos et motos à 3 roues pour le transport rural et les implications pour organiser une formation appropriée et des cadres réglementaires". Ce projet a été réalisé en RDC entre Février 2019 et Décembre 2019. L'étude a révélé que les taxis-motos sont très importants pour les voyages en milieu rural et gagnent en popularité parmi les communautés rurales. Outre les nombreux avantages qu'offrent les taxis-motos, les conducteurs et les passagers sont aussi fréquemment victimes des accidents de la route, des agressions, des abus et problèmes de santé. Il y a un faible niveau de conformité de la part des conducteurs en rapport avec la réglementation existante et la formation requise par la loi en RDC ; et le pouvoir est déficitaire en termes d'application par les acteurs gouvernementaux. Les résultats de cette étude peuvent être utilisés par le gouvernement de la RDC et d'autres partenaires clé pour mieux comprendre les problèmes liés à l'utilisation des taxis-motos dans les zones rurales et pour élaborer des politiques et des pratiques afin de maximiser les avantages et de minimiser les inconvénients.
pdfRight of Way Utilisation ManualHelvetasHelvetas2020For the purpose of roadside protection, and proper utilisation of the Right of Way, the Department of Local Infrastructure (DoLI) and ReCAP, with the technical support from HELVETAS Nepal launched a pilot project focusing on research into roadside protection and utilisation of the RoW land. Based on the research project's findings, the Government of Nepal, through the Department of Local Infrastructure (DoLI), regarded it important to develop a manual focusing on roadside protection and utilisation of RoW and improving the livelihood of disadvantaged people who live close to the road. This procedural manual is therefore focused on the utilisation of the RoW and has three main sections - planning and preparation work, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation. The main intended audience of this manual is the staff at local government level because rural roads have become a major function of the Local Governments.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalTraining ReportHelvetasPandey, G.2020This report describes the proceedings of the on-line e-learning training course on the Right of Way (RoW) Utilisation Manual held in June 2020. The report summarises the training course, the presentations and lecture notes, the self-assessment results, together with feedback and suggestion formats for participant response. The aim of this e-learning online course was to share information and knowledge derived from the project entitled, ‘Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in Nepal' (NEP2071D), and thereby enhancing knowledge on the application and processes involved in the utilisation of the Right of Way areas along the roads of Nepal. This course is supported by the published Right of Way Utilisation Manual. The target participants of this training course are the technical officers, essentially but not exclusively the Engineers and Sub-Engineers, of the local government working in the roads sector.
pdfRural Road Note 01: A Guide on the Application of Pavement Design Methods for Low Volume Rural RoadsFirst EditionTRL Ltd.Rolt, J.;Mukura, K.;Otto, A.;Reeves, S.;Hine, J.;Musenero, L.2020This Rural Road Note (RRN) is aimed at engineers, road managers and other practitioners involved with the planning and design of low volume rural roads in developing and emerging countries in tropical and sub-tropical climates. It is intended to provide guidance on key considerations for the use of various pavement design methods for low volume roads. The RRN provides guidance on pavement design methods used in the design of LVRR, ranging from earth roads through gravel surfacing to the various unbound, natural stone, bituminous, cement-based and clay brick surfacing and pavement layers. The RRN compiles the lessons learnt from the design, construction, supervision and monitoring of a range of pavement and surfacing types investigated under SEACAP in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam; AFCAP 1 and ReCAP programmes, together with the knowledge compiled from various related studies in Southern Africa and South-East Asia.
pdfMeasuring the Rural Transport Premium in Murang'a County, KenyaFinal ReportTacitus LtdOrwa, S.;Oyoo, R.2020ReCAP has sub-contracted Tacitus Ltd to undertake data collection on the Rural Transport Premium for Impact Indicator in Kenya on the Gitugi-Kiamara junction road in Murang'a, Kenya. The indicator is defined as Rural transport premium (fares per passenger-kilometres on LVRR relative to fares on long-distance bus services) tracked in four focus countries including Kenya. This final report provides an overview of data collection activities in the field, analysis of the data, and final results. The key result of the research project is that the Rural Transport Premium has reduced from 5 in 2014 to 2.3 in 2020 (based on minibuses).
pdfThe Hoopstad Stabilized Kalahari Sand LTPP Experiment After 55 YearsVolume 2: Annex GNetterberg, F.2018 The Hoopstad long-term road pavement performance (LTPP) experiment was constructed in 1962 as part of the road P 21/3 on Route R700 between Hoopstad and Bultfontein in the Free State Province of South Africa. In Volume 1 of this report, the performance of the stabilized sections is reported in comparison with the neat sand and crusher run sections. This Volume 2 document contains Annex G to the main report.
pdfThe Hoopstad Stabilized Kalahari Sand LTPP Experiment After 55 YearsVolume 2: Annexes D, E and FNetterberg, F.2018 The Hoopstad long-term road pavement performance (LTPP) experiment was constructed in 1962 as part of the road P 21/3 on Route R700 between Hoopstad and Bultfontein in the Free State Province of South Africa. In Volume 1 of this report, the performance of the stabilized sections is reported in comparison with the neat sand and crusher run sections. This Volume 2 document contains Annexes D, E and F to the main report.
pdfThe Hoopstad Stabilized Kalahari Sand LTPP Experiment After 55 YearsVolume 2: Annexes A, B and CNetterberg, F.2018The Hoopstad long-term road pavement performance (LTPP) experiment was constructed in 1962 as part of the road P 21/3 on Route R700 between Hoopstad and Bultfontein in the Free State Province of South Africa. In Volume 1 of this report, the performance of the stabilized sections is reported in comparison with the neat sand and crusher run sections. This Volume 2 document contains Annexes A, B and C to the main report.
pdfReCAP Benefit Assessment SystemTraining Workshop PresentationBRRIFekpe, E.2020This presentation on the ReCAP Benefit Assessment System was used to train trainers in the use of the system.
pdfEstablishment of Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport LeadershipFinal ReportMott MacDonald;University of Cape Town;University of BirminghamJones, S.;Zuidgeest, M.;Vanderschuren, M.;Hughes, D.;Adams, C.;Kelly, K.;Nnene, O.;Gambiza, P.2020Under the auspices of the ReCAP Programme, Mott MacDonald, the University of Cape Town and the University of Birmingham commenced implementation of tasks towards the establishment of a Centre for sub-Saharan Transport Leadership (CSSTL) in February 2019. This is the Final Report that summarises the activities the project has completed and those that need to take place in any future extension. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) was selected to host the CSSTL. Since April 2019, KNUST and the project team have been collaborating on the completion of the MSc in Transport Leadership curriculum, Marketing Strategy and Business Plan. KNUST have also been securing university approval to establish a new MSc programme and accreditation for the MSc from Ghana National Accreditation Board.
pdfInteractions between improved rural access infrastructure and transport services provisionReport of Tanzania SurveysTRL Ltd.Starkey, P.;Hine, J.;Workman, R.2020The ‘Interactions: Maintenance-Provision of Access for Rural Transport Services (IMPARTS)' project examines how investments in low-volume rural road (LVRR) construction (provision) and maintenance (preservation) affect rural transport services (RTS). This report summarises research findings following surveys of six roads in Tanzania that had received investments in the past decade, including five investments to remove ‘bottlenecks' that had restricted all-season access. Historic traffic data sets available from before and after the investments were supplemented by 2019 data collected by this project. This report contains qualitative and quantitative data from the Tanzania roads.
pdfMesurer l'accès rural en utilisant les nouvelles technologiesLignes directrices complémentairesTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2019Ce document contient des lignes directrices complémentaires à la méthodologie pour l'indice d'accès rural (RAI) 2016 (Banque mondiale, 2016). Ces lignes directrices complémentaires contiennent des procédures, étape par étape et détaillées pour le calcul, la documentation et la publication du RAI (indicateur ODD 9.1.1) d'un pays. Elles suivent les éléments clés de la méthodologie 2016, mettent l'accent sur l'implication des organismes nationaux de statistiques (ONS) et des agences gouvernementales dans le processus, et dotent la méthode de calcul du RAI en transparence et cohérence. Ces lignes directrices proposent également une approche alternative au caractère praticable toute l'année du RAI en se concentrant sur l'objectif prévu du réseau routier et l'évolution des risques de l'accessibilité audit réseau, et non pas uniquement sur les mesures physiques de l'état des routes. Elles encouragent également les ONS à utiliser de nouveaux outils et plateformes en ligne tels que WorldPop, OpenStreetMap et d'autres, pour plus de pertinence et d'accessibilité aux données et statistiques destinées au RAI.
pdfMedición del acceso rural: Uso de Nuevas TecnologíasApéndices de la Guía SuplementariaTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2019Este documento contiene los apéndices de la Guía Suplementaria.
pdfÍndice de Acceso Rural (RAI) Directrices SuplementariasMedición del Acceso Rural Usando Nuevas TecnologíasTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2019Este documento contiene directrices complementarias para la metodología RAI 2016 (Banco Mundial, 2016). Estas directrices complementarias contienen procedimientos detallados, paso a paso, para el cálculo, la documentación y la publicación del RAI (ODS 9.1.1) para un país. Estos siguen los principios clave de la metodología de 2016, enfatizando la participación de las Oficinas Nacionales de Estadística (ONE) y las agencias gubernamentales en el proceso, y proporcionando transparencia y consistencia en la forma en que se calcula el RAI. Estas directrices también proveen un enfoque alternativo al aspecto de "todas las estaciones" del RAI, centrándose en el propósito previsto para la red de carreteras y los riesgos cambiantes de accesibilidad a esa red, en lugar de basarse en mediciones físicas del estado de la carretera. También alientan a las ONE a participar con nuevas herramientas y plataformas en línea como WorldPop, OpenStreetMap y otras para mejorar la precisión y la accesibilidad de los datos y las estadísticas del RAI.
pdfConsolidation, Revision and Pilot Application of the Rural Access Index (RAI)Policy Guide and Roadmap to Achieve SDG Tier 1 Status TG3TRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2020This project provides additional support to implement the uptake and embedment of the Rural Access Index (RAI). The RAI has also been adopted as Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9.1.1. This report is concerned with providing policy guidance and a roadmap to achieving IAEG-SDG Tier 1 status by 2025. The report gives key reasons as to why RAI is an important part of wider rural development policies and programmes and summarises some of the other assistance being provided by the international community. The report includes a roadmap for RAI to achieve IAEG-SDGs Tier 1 Status by 2025, including a programme for implementation.
pdfDevelopment of a Rural Road Note (RRN) on Pavement Design Methods for Low Volume Rural RoadsInception ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Rolt, J.;Mukura, K.;Hine, J.;Reeves, S.;Musenero, L.;2019This ReCAP project implemented by TRL aims to develop a Rural Road Note (RRN) on pavement design methods for low volume rural roads. This report describes the main activities that were undertaken during the inception stage of the project. The project was launched on the 15th May 2019 and is scheduled to be completed by 20th May 2019. During the inception stage a desk study was carried out to identify reference documents that will be used during the literature review to produce the RRN. Eight members of the Stakeholder Working Group (SWG) were proposed to assist with development of the RRN.
pdfRural Access Index (RAI)Policy BriefTRL Ltd.TRL Ltd.2020This Policy Brief was developed based on the ReCAP supported research project to continue the improvement and uptake of the Rural Access Index (RAI) methodology. The RAI is indicator 9.1.1 for the Sustainable Development Goals. The project found that methodology developed in 2016 by the World Bank could be refined to be more accurate and sustainable, and supplemental guidelines have been developed. These guidelines provide a comprehensive overview of the measurement process and include all of the necessary steps and processes to measure and publish RAI.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsAppendix C.2: Drainage Structural DrawingsMinistry of Roads and Highways, GhanaMinistry of Roads and Highways, Ghana2020This Manual for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) promotes the rational, appropriate and affordable provision of LVRs in Ghana. In doing so it aims to make cost effective and sustainable use of local resources, reflecting local experience and advances in LVR technology gained in Ghana and elsewhere. Part C of the Manual addresses drainage-related aspects of the design of LVRs. These include the calculation of flows in watercourses, discharge rates, the location and design of appropriate drainage structures, associated road side stabilisation measures, and provision for the anticipated effects of climate change. Tailored specifically for conditions in Sierra Leone, it includes worked examples to help the reader understand the detailed application of the methods and practices described. This Appendix C.2 to the Manual includes Standard Drawings for typical drainage structures.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart C - Hydrology, Drainage design and Roadside Slope StabilisationMinistry of Roads and Highways, GhanaMinistry of Roads and Highways, Ghana2020This Manual for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) promotes the rational, appropriate and affordable provision of LVRs in Ghana. In doing so it aims to make cost effective and sustainable use of local resources, reflecting local experience and advances in LVR technology gained in Ghana and elsewhere. Part C of the Manual includes standards for hydrology, drainage design and roadside slope stabilisation. It provides guidance on estimating the flow in a watercourse, the selection of the most appropriate drainage structure, hydraulic design of the structure and construction. Guidance is also given on appropriate measures to ensure the stability of cut and fill slopes on the sides of the road.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart B - Materials, Pavement Design and ConstructionMinistry of Roads and Highways, GhanaMinistry of Roads and Highways, Ghana2020This Manual for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) promotes the rational, appropriate and affordable provision of LVRs in Ghana. In doing so it aims to make cost effective and sustainable use of local resources, reflecting local experience and advances in LVR technology gained in Ghana and elsewhere. Part B of the Manual includes standards for site investigations and the selection of materials and pavement design. It includes recommendations for the design of paved and unpaved low volume roads. It also covers road construction activities including borrow pit management and quality control.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart A - Policy, Geometric Design and Road SafetyMinistry of Roads and Highways, GhanaMinistry of Roads and Highways, Ghana2020This Manual for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) promotes the rational, appropriate and affordable provision of LVRs in Ghana. In doing so it aims to make cost effective and sustainable use of local resources, reflecting local experience and advances in LVR technology gained in Ghana and elsewhere. Part A of the Manual describes the background and philosophy of low volume road design in the context of rural road asset management. It provides guidance on route selection for rural roads and geometric standards for detailed design. Guidance is also provided on planning options and the implementation of Complementary Interventions to enhance the impact of road projects in local communities. Road safety is given particular importance in the Manual, including guidance on safer design for motorcycles. The standards encourage the use of labour-based construction methods where appropriate, within the context of focusing on technical quality and value for money.
pdfReCAP Benefit Assessment SystemUser ManualBRRIFekpe, E.2020This user manual presents a detailed description of the steps involved in using the ReCAP Benefit Assessment System (BAS). The manual describes the development of the benefit assessment framework, systems architecture, and the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) framework. A systems approach is used in developing the BAS where each subsystem represents a component of the benefits of conducting and implementing the results of research projects. The BAS can be visualized as a report (score) card where grades (or scores) are assigned to the various indicators in each subsystem.
pdfReCAP Benefit Assessment SystemTraining Workshop ReportBRRIFekpe, E.;Ackaah, W.;Afukaar, F.2020This report presents proceedings of regional workshops conducted to train ReCAP partners in Africa and South East Asia regions in the use of Benefit Assessment System (ReCAP-BAS). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face training workshop was conducted only for the West Africa partner countries while virtual (online) workshops were conducted for the East and Southern Africa and South East Asia countries. Based on the feedback, in general, participants expressed satisfaction with the product and their desire to use it for other applications such as road asset management.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines, Standards and Technical Specifications for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR) in AfghanistanFinal Consultative Workshop ReportInfra Africa PtyPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2020The development of Guidelines, Standards and Technical Specifications for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR) in Afghanistan has been identified as a priority project by the country's Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD). The main goal of the project is to reduce poverty in rural areas by facilitating improved access to economic and social services for rural communities. This second and final Consultative Workshop Report presents the outcome of the discussions held, and agreements reached, at the workshop that was held in Bangalore, India from 24 – 27 February 2020.
pdfMeasuring the Rural Transport Premium in Shan State, MyanmarInception ReportTun, K.2020ReCAP has commissioned a study to undertake data collection on the Rural Transport Premium for Impact Indicator in Myanmar on a road connecting a cluster of hill villages (Zeyar, Kyaung Shae Ywa, Kyaung Tang, Thayet Pin and Pantin) to He hoe in Shan State, Myanmar. The indicator is defined as Rural Transport Premium (fares per passenger-kilometres on LVRR relative to fares on long-distance bus services) tracked in four focus countries (Kenya, Tanzania, Nepal, and Myanmar). The study aims to measure the rural transport premium for the year 2020 and compare it with the Research for Community Access Programme logframe transport fare ratio of 2014 for Myanmar. The Inception Report provides the methodology, work plan and data collection tool to gather information from community, transport users, operators, and government officials.
pdfInteractions between improved rural access infrastructure and transport services provisionReport on Nepal SurveysTRL Ltd.Starkey, P.;Hine, J.;Workman, R.2020The ‘Interactions: Maintenance-Provision of Access for Rural Transport Services (IMPARTS)' project examines how investments in low-volume rural road (LVRR) construction (provision) and maintenance (preservation) affect rural transport services (RTS). Two roads in Nepal and six roads in Tanzania were selected for IMPARTS Phase 2 surveys, because of good transport services data from previous studies. New surveys of traffic, users and operators on these roads started in October 2019. This report contains qualitative and quantitative data from the Nepal roads.
pdfAgriculture and rural roads – synergies and opportunitiesIntech AssociatesPetts, R.2020Although developed for the agriculture sector, the two-axle tractor has found proven, low-cost and beneficial applications in the African rural roads sector, particularly for maintenance operations. The challenges in the road sector and advantages of tractor applications are discussed. The synergies and potential for cross-sector cooperation are explored and recommendations made for improved awareness and performance to contribute to rural development and community wellbeing.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart E - Road MaintenanceMinistry of Public Works, LiberiaMinistry of Public Works, Liberia2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads for Liberia builds on previous work done by the Liberia Government and development partners, notably the Liberia-Swedish Feeder Road Program. Part E of the Manual concerns the effective maintenance prolongs the life of the road and ensures that the road is open to traffic in all weather conditions. Vehicle operating costs are reduced by providing a smooth-running surface, free of defects such as potholes and ruts. This results in reliable access and facilitates regular and affordable rural transport services.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart C - Appendix C.4: Drainage Structural DrawingsMinistry of Public Works, LiberiaMinistry of Public Works, Liberia2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads for Liberia builds on previous work done by the Liberia Government and development partners, notably the Liberia-Swedish Feeder Road Program. Part C of the Manual addresses drainage-related aspects of the design of LVRs. These include the calculation of flows in watercourses, discharge rates, the location and design of appropriate drainage structures, associated road side stabilisation measures, and provision for the anticipated effects of climate change. Tailored specifically for conditions in Sierra Leone, it includes worked examples to help the reader understand the detailed application of the methods and practices described. This Appendix to the Manual includes Standard Drawings for typical drainage structures.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart C - Hydrology, Drainage design and Roadside Slope StabilisationMinistry of Public Works, LiberiaMinistry of Public Works, Liberia2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads for Liberia builds on previous work done by the Liberia Government and development partners, notably the Liberia-Swedish Feeder Road Program. The Manual describes the basic standards to be adhered to in the provision and maintenance of rural roadsPart C of the manual addresses drainage-related aspects of the design of LVRs. These include the calculation of flows in watercourses, discharge rates, the location and design of appropriate drainage structures, associated roadside stabilization measures, and provision for the anticipated effects of climate change. Tailored specifically for conditions in Liberia, it includes worked examples to help the reader understand the detailed application of the methods and practices described.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart B - Materials, Pavement Design and ConstructionMinistry of Public Works, LiberiaMinistry of Public Works, Liberia2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads for Liberia builds on previous work done by the Liberia Government and development partners, notably the Liberia-Swedish Feeder Road Program. Part B of the Manual includes standards for site investigations and the selection of materials and pavement design. It includes recommendations for the design of paved and unpaved low volume roads. It also covers road construction activities including borrow pit management and quality control. The design standards included in this manual support the affordable provision of low volume roads through the optimal use of locally occurring resources in the construction of the roads.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart A - Policy, Geometric Design and Road SafetyMinistry of Public Works LiberiaMinistry of Public Works, Liberia2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads for Liberia builds on previous work done by the Liberia Government and development partners, notably the Liberia-Swedish Feeder Road Program. The Manual describes the basic standards to be adhered to in the provision and maintenance of rural roads. Part A of the Manual describes the background and philosophy of low volume road design in the context of rural road asset management. It provides guidance on route selection for rural roads and geometric standards for detailed design. Guidance is also provided on planning options and the implementation of Complementary Interventions to enhance the impact of road projects in local communities. Road safety is given particular importance in the manual, including guidance on safer design for motorcycles. The standards encourage the use of labor-based construction.
pdfDevelopment of a Simplified Agency Life-Cycle Costing Tool for Gravel RoadsTRL Ltd.Rolt, J.;Mukura, K.;Otto, A.2020Understanding how roads behave is necessary both for their design and also to make sure that suitable and appropriate maintenance is programmed and carried out effectively. There are many variables that affect road performance, and these differ from place to place. This is true of both paved and unpaved roads. To develop better understanding of the performance of gravel roads, a study was undertaken in six Sub-Sahara African countries. It was found that two material characteristics, namely plasticity product and grading modulus, had a major effect on the performance of gravel roads, and were found to predict the performance of gravel roads to an acceptable level of accuracy. The results of the study were used to develop a simple life-cycle costing model for gravel roads that allows engineers to improve the performance of gravel roads and to reduce whole life costs.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart E - Road MaintenanceSierra Leone Roads AuthoritySierra Leone Roads Authority2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads applies to the design, construction and maintenance of low volume roads, typically carrying less than 300 vehicles per day with four or more wheels and less than one million equivalent standard axles over the design life. Part E of the Manual concerns the effective maintenance prolongs the life of the road and ensures that the road is open to traffic in all weather conditions. Vehicle operating costs are reduced by providing a smooth-running surface, free of defects such as potholes and ruts. This results in reliable access and facilitates regular and affordable rural transport services.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart C - Appendix C.4: Drainage Structural DrawingsSierra Leone Roads AuthoritySierra Leone Roads Authority2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads applies to the design, construction and maintenance of low volume roads, typically carrying less than 300 vehicles per day with four or more wheels and less than one million equivalent standard axles over the design life. Part C of the Manual addresses drainage-related aspects of the design of LVRs. These include the calculation of flows in watercourses, discharge rates, the location and design of appropriate drainage structures, associated road side stabilisation measures, and provision for the anticipated effects of climate change. Tailored specifically for conditions in Sierra Leone, it includes worked examples to help the reader understand the detailed application of the methods and practices described. This Appendix to the Manual includes Standard Drawings for typical drainage structures.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart C - Hydrology, Drainage design and Roadside Slope StabilisationSierra Leone Roads AuthoritySierra Leone Roads Authority2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads applies to the design, construction and maintenance of low volume roads, typically carrying less than 300 vehicles per day with four or more wheels and less than one million equivalent standard axles over the design life. Part C of the Manual includes standards for hydrology, drainage design and roadside slope stabilisation. It provides guidance on estimating the flow in a watercourse, the selection of the most appropriate drainage structure, hydraulic design of the structure and construction. Guidance is also given on appropriate measures to ensure the stability of cut and fill slopes on the sides of the road.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart B - Materials, Pavement Design and ConstructionSierra Leone Roads AuthoritySierra Leone Roads Authority2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads applies to the design, construction and maintenance of low volume roads, typically carrying less than 300 vehicles per day with four or more wheels and less than one million equivalent standard axles over the design life. Part B of the Manual includes standards for site investigations and the selection of materials and pavement design. It includes recommendations for the design of paved and unpaved low volume roads. It also covers road construction activities including borrow pit management and quality control.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart A - Policy, Geometric Design and Road SafetySierra Leone Roads AuthoritySierra Leone Roads Authority2020The Manual for Low Volume Roads applies to the design, construction and maintenance of low volume roads, typically carrying less than 300 vehicles per day with four or more wheels and less than one million equivalent standard axles over the design life. Part A of the Manual describes the background and philosophy of low volume road design in the context of rural road asset management. It provides guidance on route selection for rural roads and geometric standards for detailed design. Guidance is also provided on planning options and the implementation of Complementary Interventions to enhance the impact of road projects in local communities. Road safety is given particular importance in the Manual, including guidance on safer design for motorcycles. The standards encourage the use of labour-based construction methods where appropriate, within the context of focusing on technical quality and value for money.
pdfCOVID19 and TransportClarifications Issue No. 7 - Dated 05 June 2020ReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Clarifications No. 7 dated 05 June 2020 on the Joint ReCAP and HVT Call for Project Concept Notes for the COVID 19 and Transport Response & Recovery Research Fund
pdfCOVID19 and TransportClarifications Issue No. 6 - Dated 04 June 2020ReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Clarifications No. 6 dated 04 June 2020 on the Joint ReCAP and HVT Call for Project Concept Notes for the COVID 19 and Transport Response & Recovery Research Fund
pdfCOVID19 and TransportClarifications Issue No. 5 - Dated 03 June 2020ReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Clarifications No. 5 dated 03 June 2020 on the Joint ReCAP and HVT Call for Project Concept Notes for the COVID 19 and Transport Response & Recovery Research Fund
pdfCOVID19 and TransportClarifications Issue No. 4 - Dated 02 June 2020ReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Clarifications No. 4 dated 02 June 2020 on the Joint ReCAP and HVT Call for Project Concept Notes for the COVID19 and Transport Response & Recovery Research Fund
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisPhase 3 Final ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Rolt, J.;Musenero, L.;Mukura, K.2020Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) through Back Analysis is a project being carried out in three phases. Phase 1 and Phase 2 were completed whereas Phase 3 started in December 2018 and is completed in June 2020. This report describes the activities undertaken during Phase 3 including revision of specifications, capacity building, lessons learnt from SEACAP, and minutes of the regional workshop. It also sets out the recommended revisions to the specifications for low volume road pavement materials and pavement design catalogue. Dissemination of findings, and support for the lvroadsdata.com database will continue to be provided until June 2020.
pdfCOVID19 and TransportClarifications Issue No. 3 - Dated 01 June 2020ReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Clarifications No. 3 dated 01 June 2020 on the Joint ReCAP and HVT Call for Project Concept Notes for the COVID19 and Transport Response & Recovery Research Fund
pdfCOVID19 and TransportClarifications Issue No.2 Dated 28 May 2020ReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Clarification No. 2 dated 29 May 2020 on the Joint ReCAP and HVT Call for Project Concept Notes for the COVID19 and Transport Response & Recovery Research Fund.
pdfCOVID19 and TransportClarifications Issue No.1 Dated 27 May 2020ReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Clarification No. 1 dated 27 May 2020 on the Joint ReCAP and HVT Call for Project Concept Notes for the COVID19 and Transport Response & Recovery Research Fund.
docxCOVID19 and TransportProject Concept Note TemplateReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Project Concept Note to be used to apply for grants from the joint ReCAP and HVT COVID19 and Transport Response & Recovery Research Fund
pdfCOVID19 and TransportCall for Project Concept NotesReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2020Joint ReCAP and HVT Call for Project Concept Notes for the COVID19 and Transport Response & Recovery Research Fund.
pdfEstablishment of Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport LeadershipQuarterly Progress Report 4Mott MacDonald;University of Cape Town;University of BirminghamKelly, K.;Jones, S.;Gambiza, P.2020Mott MacDonald, the University of Cape Town and the University of Birmingham commenced the establishment of a Centre for sub-Saharan Transport Leadership (CSSTL) in February 2019. This report is the fourth Quarterly Progress Report for the project covering the period from December 2019 – January 2020.
pdfMeasuring the Rural Transport Premium in KenyaInception ReportTacitus LtdOrwa, S.;Oyoo, R.2020ReCAP has sub-contracted Tacitus Ltd to undertake data collection on the Rural Transport Premium for Impact Indicator in Kenya on the Gitugi-Kiamara junction road in Murang'a, Kenya. The indicator is defined as Rural transport premium (fares per passenger-kilometres on LVRR relative to fares on long-distance bus services) tracked in four focus countries including Kenya. The Inception Report provides the methodology, work plan and steps for the collection of quantitative data supported by qualitative data from community, transport users, operators, and regulatory agencies.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalField Implementation ReportHelvetasBranney, P.;Pandey, G.2020AsCAP is supporting a project in Nepal to enhance community participation in rural road maintenance through roadside plantation of profitable crops. This report describes field implementation activities and milestones from July 2017 to 31 Dec 2019. To start this phase of the project, meetings were held with the project team and with DoLIDAR (now, DoLI) and both sites in Dhankuta District in the Eastern Hills were visited. Further training including compost fertilizer making, business plan preparation, cost-benefit analysis, account keeping, broom making were completed during the subsequent period. Relationships and linkages were developed with traders and produce collectors to enable better prices for agro-based products to be obtained. Institutional development activities with UGs were also supported.
pdfDevelopment of a Rural Roads Planning and Prioritisation Model for the Punjab Province of PakistanFinal ReportThe Urban UnitBukhari, S.;Aslam, M.;Moheyuddin, G.2020The Planning and Development Department and other local government entities of the Government of the Punjab encounter a daunting task of prioritisation of rural roads at the start of each financial year. The underlying study aims to facilitate the planning and prioritisation of rural roads in Punjab through the adoption of a robust methodology encompassing various modes of analysis. Two modules of the model are being proposed based on Multi- Criteria Analysis; one for the planning and prioritisation of new rural roads and second for rehabilitation/ improvement of existing rural roads. Indicators are recommended on the basis of global practices and stakeholder's feedback. The prioritisation model will replace the prevailing informal ways of rural roads prioritisation in the province; thus, contributing towards sustainable socio-economic development of the rural areas.
pdfDevelopment of a Rural Roads Planning and Prioritisation Model for the Punjab Province of PakistanInception ReportThe Urban UnitBukhari, S.;Aslam, M.;Moheyuddin, G.;Abedin, Z.2019The Planning and Development Department and other local government entities of the Government of the Punjab encounter a daunting task of prioritisation of rural roads at the start of each financial year. The underlying study aims to facilitate the planning and prioritisation of rural roads in Punjab through the adoption of a robust methodology encompassing various modes of analysis. Descriptive analysis of the global best practices, in particularly model developed for LGED in Bangladesh, will help to identify various criteria used for the development of a prioritisation model whereas focus group discussion and consultative meetings forming qualitative and quantitative part of the study will help to gauge the significance of each criterion and develop a prioritisation model.
pdfDevelopment of a Rural Roads Planning and Prioritisation Model for the Punjab Province of PakistanWorkshop ReportThe Urban UnitBukhari, S.;Aslam, M.;Moheyuddin, G.2020The Planning and Development Department and other local government entities of the Government of the Punjab encounter a daunting task of prioritisation of rural roads at the start of each financial year. The underlying study aims to facilitate the planning and prioritisation of rural roads in Punjab through the adoption of a robust methodology encompassing various modes of analysis. Various methodologies, indicators and criteria used for the planning and prioritisation model globally and regionally were investigated to establish baseline model. This report covers the workshop that was arranged to help gauge the significance of each criterion for development of the prioritisation model where a rural road can be tested with respect to its need, cost benefit analysis and potential socio-economic benefits.
pdfEstablishment of Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport LeadershipBusiness PlanMott MacDonald;University of Cape Town;University of BirminghamJones, S.;Zuidgeest, M.;Kelly, K.2020Mott MacDonald, the University of Cape Town and the University of Birmingham commenced the establishment of a Centre for sub-Saharan Transport Leadership (CSSTL) in February 2019. In the period since, an assessment was undertaken on shortlisted universities, leading to Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) being awarded the position of Host Institution for the CSSTL. This deliverable is the Business Plan and outlines the basis on which the CSSTL and the MSc in Transportation Leadership will be developed, managed, funded and monitored.
pdfInvestigation into the use of Qingqis as a mode of public transport in Punjab ProvinceFinal ReportIMC Worldwide;University of LahoreStarkey P.;Batool Z.;Younis, M.;Reeves, J.;Páscoa, M.;Rehman,A.;Ali, M.2020ReCAP has contracted IMC Worldwide to undertake research into the use of motorcycle rickshaws (three-wheelers known as ‘Qingqis') for rural transport services in Punjab Province in Pakistan. This report reviews the use of three-wheelers in Pakistan and other countries, stressing the differences between the rural route-based services offered by motorcycle rickshaws with the urban point-to-point services of auto-rickshaws. Survey data from three rural areas is presented, including traffic analyses, and opinions of users, operators, manufacturers and regulators.
pdfInvestigation of the Suitability of Pre-cast/Pre- Fabricated Modular Bridges for Rural Roads in Nepal – Pilot StudyConstruction Completion Report: Baugi Bridge, ParsaTRL Ltd.Kominek, M.;Workman, R.2020This research has focused on defining and developing a new modular system of bridge construction for Nepal, which is suitable for all environments. A modular bridge for Nepal has been designed and is being trialled in two locations, one in Doti district (a hilly area in the far west of Nepal) and one in Parsa district on the flat Terai area of Nepal, to the south west of Kathmandu. This report currently covers the completion of the Baugi Bridge in Parsa, on the Terai. The visit reports contain a summary of issues noticed during and after construction, and the remedies applied. These have been recorded and passed on to the contractor so that similar issues can be avoided on Bridge 2 in Doti. They will also be noted in the design manual. A photographic record has been produced for the completed report and can be seen in the Annexes.
pdfImpact of unpaved road condition on rural transport servicesUNRAMbabazi, E.2019The majority of roads in developing countries especially in sub-Saharan Africa remain unpaved. To optimise their social impact, rural roads need to be complemented with convenient and affordable transport services that allow residents to reach markets and basic services. Motorcycle taxis or boda bodas, have risen to be the most dominant transport service in the rural areas of Uganda. Careful management of the vehicle operating costs (VOCs) is therefore important to sustain this service in the rural areas. This study estimates the changes in VOCs for motorcycle taxis with changes in the unpaved road condition. A 1·8% rise in operating costs is found when a road condition deteriorates from very good to good; and a 7·7% increase when road condition deteriorates from good to fair or poor.
pdfCapacity Building and Mentorship for the Establishment and Implementation of Monitoring & Evaluation Programmes on Experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Sections in Six Africa Countries and MyanmarReport on Third Monitoring Visit to MyanmarCDSGeddes, R.;Pinard, M.2020ReCAP is providing support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in sub-Saharan Africa and (RDU, Myanmar) in Asia to collect performance-based data from existing trial/demonstration road sections. The data will provide evidence for the development of appropriate specifications for Low Volume Roads. In Myanmar, five “trial” sections were constructed on the TG1 Road in Taunggyi, Shan State, using different surfacing types and two control sections of Penetration Macadam. The newly formed Research and Development Unit (RDU) of the DRRD is tasked with monitoring the performance of the experimental sections. This report covers a visit of the CDS advisory team to Myanmar from 21 to 25 October 2019. The team reviewed the status of the baseline monitoring activities and reporting for the TGI 1A Road and visited the Shan Zu Chuang Zauk to Hle Zeik Road with the RDU team. Furhtermore, a workshop was held.
pdfCapacity Building and Mentorship for the Establishment and Implementation of Monitoring & Evaluation Programmes on Experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Sections in Six Africa Countries and MyanmarField Visit Report No. 4 (Africa)CDSGeddes, R.;Pinard, M.2020ReCAP is providing support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to collect performance-based data from existing trial/demonstration road sections. The data will provide evidence for the establishment of appropriate specifications for Low Volume Roads. Monitoring is being carried out in accordance with existing guidelines for the establishment and monitoring of experimental and LTPP sections, which will be updated under the project. The local consulting firms are now capable of collecting the field data from the monitoring sites, though delays have been experienced in obtaining the data when this task is outsourced to the government central laboratory. The report provides summaries of the current situation in the participating countries in Africa. The lack of detailed moisture measurements is a weak link in the activity chain on the project. No further visits of the CDS advisory team are planned to the participating countries.
pdfDevelopment of a Rural Road Note (RRN) on Pavement Design Methods for Low Volume Rural RoadsScoping ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Rolt, J.;Mukura, K.;Hine, J.;Reeves, S.;Musenero, L.2019The design of pavements has a major impact on the cost of the provision of low volume rural roads. There are three major empirical pavement design methods available for the design of low volume rural roads in Sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia. These include the CBR method, the DCP-CBR-SN method and the DCP-DN method. Many of these methods require different design inputs (data types). Consequently, the resulting design thicknesses and materials requirements are often different. This project aims to develop a Rural Road Note (RRN) on pavement design methods for low volume rural roads. It will be developed in such a way that a designer will be able to compare design options using a systematic approach before final selection of the preferred option.
pdfRural Road Asset Management Practitioners' GuidelineCDSCivil Design Solutions2020 The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) has provided technical assistance to foster improvements in asset management performance in selected rural road agencies in four countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The four countries participating are Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone and the Western Cape region of South Africa. The project promoted a change in the approach of rural road agencies towards the management of their road networks; it encouraged a holistic approach, where road agencies consider all six building blocks of the Road Preservation Pyramid. Based on the project, a practitioners' guidelines has been developed for effective rural road asset management. The guidelines include performance assessment and management tools that were developed and tested in the field.
pdfScoping Study to Explore the Suitability of SDG Indicator 9.1.2 for Rural AccessFinal ReportSieber, N.;Hine, J.;Dalkmann, H.;Wililo, S.;Mengesha, T.;Poudyal, S.2020The study investigates the feasibility of adapting the SDG Indicator 9.1.2 (covering passenger and freight volumes) to include a sub-indicator for rural mobility, with a view to identifying a measurement framework and data collection methodology based around the movement of rural passenger and freight road transport. The paper discusses definitions of rural transport and recommends using national classifications. It provides an overview of international transport statistics. The paper finds that most of the transport models are not eligible to assess rural transport volumes in practice. Therefore, a Basic Model for rural transport estimation was developed and related methods of data collection discussed. In summary, there are a number of institutional and financial constraints, as well as deficits in data availability, and insufficient integration into the SDG process. Two options might be considered to be explored further: (i) Incremental development, i.e. submission of a suggestion for a rural indicator within 9.1.2. for the next consultation for IAED-SDG review in 2025; or (ii) integrated reporting for ALL transport related SDGs.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalProgress Report 6HelvetasBranney, P.;Pandey, G.2019This report describes progress with project activities and milestones from 1st August to 31th October 2019. Activities completed during this period include: meeting with the federal, provincial and local level (Palika) governments; sharing the Mid-Term Report's recommendations with concerned stakeholders; plant growth monitoring; and compost fertilizer preparation practice and weeding at project sites. Additional capacity building activities including training for RUGs on proposal writing was carried out during the reporting period and preparation work for the planned manual was continued by the project team in consultation with concerned stakeholders. The RUGs are improving their institutional development and administrative activities such as record keeping, holding regular monthly meetings, started a saving and credit scheme and are approaching the concerned municipalities for meetings to discuss getting access to further funds for their development activities.
pdfDevelopment and Support to the Implementation of a Strategy for the Establishment of a Road Research Centre in South SudanFinal ReportCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.;Anochie-Boateng, J.2020The Development and Support to the Implementation of a Strategy for the Establishment of a Road Research Centre in South Sudan project is being implemented through the Ministry of Roads and Bridges (MRB), under the AfCAP technical assistance programme. The primary purpose of this project was to support the establishment of a Road Research Centre (RRC) in South Sudan, to ensure sustainable road research capacity that will effectively contribute to the development of the road sector and accelerate national development strategy of the country. This Strategic Plan has been developed based on contributions from technical experts from key stakeholder institutions through consultative meetings throughout the project implementation phase, and discussions at a consultative workshop that took place on 30th October, 2019. It is the document that will guide the establishment of the Road Research Centre in South Sudan.
pdfEditorial: Themed issue on gender mainstreaming in rural transportReCAP PMU;Durham UniversityBradbury, A.;Porter, R.2020This article is the Editorial of the themed issue of the ICE Transport journal on Gender Mainstreaming in rural transport.
pdfTransforming gender relations in Nepal's trail bridge programme: policies and practiceHelvetasSherpa, M.;Tumbahangfe, A.;Acharya, N.;Chhetry, D.;Tuladhar, I.;Carter, J.2020This paper considers the extent to which the full and equal rights guaranteed in Nepal's constitution are reflected in the government's trail bridge programme (TBP). A review of the legal provisions and relevant literature was used to inform interviews and field enquiries at nine short-span trail bridges and one long-span bridge. The analysis indicates that the TBP is broadly gender responsive in its policies, but often falls short at field level. The paper concludes with five key suggestions for rendering the TBP more gender transformative: to address the time constraints imposed on women by unpaid care work; to ensure better facilitation of social processes; to strengthen women's leadership; to maximise women's income from wage labour through avoiding debt, turning it into assets and undertaking skills training; to incorporate inclusive community planning and construction of long-span bridges.
pdfGender mainstreaming in the Nepalese rural transport sector: working towards transformative changeWiseNepalHada, J.2020Nepal is progressive in mainstreaming gender equality and social inclusion in the rural transport sector. Research studies were conducted using qualitative methods to assess the extent to which people living within the zone of influence of road and bridge projects have benefitted in two rural districts. The project's targeting approach to provide employment to women and disadvantaged groups in construction projects had very positive impacts on their livelihoods. However, heavy domestic duties constrain women's potential to participate fully, they are hardly influencing decisions and participation in training is at times constrained by factors such as women's domestic duties and distance to training venues.
pdfChanging women's lives and livelihoods: motorcycle taxis in rural Liberia and Sierra LeoneSwansea University;Njala University;Wageningen UniversityJenkins, J.;Mokuwa, E.;Peters, K.;Richards, P.2020This study assessed if and how motorcycle taxis have contributed to the livelihoods of rural women and whether there is appetite among them to become operators themselves. Data were gathered through male and female focus group discussions, roadside traffic counts and operator and passenger surveys. The study was conducted in three districts in rural Sierra Leone and one rural county in Liberia. Women nearly universally praised rural motorcycle taxis, indicating that they have made access to markets and (maternal) health much easier. However, while many expressed the desire to become operators themselves, they identified a number of barriers, the most significant being lack of friends or business persons willing to rent motorcycles to female operators.
pdfGender mainstreaming in rural road construction/usage in Ethiopia: impact and implicationsMetaMetaAbhishek, A.;Borgia, C.;Manjur, K.;Steenbergen, F. van;2020This study investigated the engagement of men, women spouses (WS) and women heads-of-household (WHH) in the planning and construction of rural roads in two Ethiopian districts of Tigray and Amhara, and the differential impacts of rural roads on the mobility and transport of men, WS and WHH. The fieldwork established that there is a strong demand among women for both road use and employment opportunities in road construction. However, there are gaps between gender provision in rural road development and implementation. The benefits of roads for women can be enhanced by targeting gender mainstreaming provisions to take into account the specific travel and transport needs of WS and WHH.
pdfGendered politics in rural roads: gender mainstreaming in Tanzania's transport sectorValue Plus Consultants;Durham University;HelpageMulongo, G.;Porter, R.;Tewodros, A.2020This paper explores the impacts of gender mainstreaming initiatives in Tanzania's transport sector on the everyday reality of rural women's lives, including those facing multiple forms of discrimination. Using qualitative methods, including co-investigation with community members, data were triangulated from diverse sources. The results indicate that progress in mainstreaming has been slow. Despite government directives, few women have benefitted from employment in road construction except through two national programmes: the Village Travel and Transport Programme and the Tanzania Social Action Fund. However, most women, particularly those disadvantaged, derive benefit from road improvement and the expanded services that tend to follow these improvements. Nevertheless, women's constrained resources and prevailing cultural mores continue to militate against them directly operating transport, whether for personal or business use.
pdfScaling up gender mainstreaming in transport: policies, practices and monitoring processesInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Njenga, P.;Tanzarn, N.2020Four rural transport programmes, one each in Ghana, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania, were reviewed in respect of gender mainstreaming. National gender frameworks and transport policies were analysed for each country. The programmes reviewed showed good practices in integration of gender across the project cycle. However, it is notable that the programmes reviewed were donor-funded and thus were significantly influenced by the gender policies of the funding mechanisms. The case study programmes reviewed have put in place some good gender performance assessment tools, which provide examples of the tools that could be made mandatory as part of gender accountability in the transport sector.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaBi-monthly Progress Report 2Intech Associates;Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2020This is a capacity building project that seeks to introduce a cost-effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance by using tractor-based technologies already successfully applied in a number of countries in the region. This report, commissioned by the Africa Community Access Partnership (AFCAP) for RDA, describes the activities of the Consultant's team members who visited Zambia in January-February 2020 to facilitate the main training and demonstration activities in 2020. The status of the training and related initiatives are described in this report. The Consultants continue to provide remote support between country visits.
pdfEffects of gender mainstreaming efforts on rural transport institutions in KenyaTacitus LtdNyangueso, S.;Orwa, S.;Ombai, M.;Sheba, S.2020This paper reports on an investigation into the effects of gender mainstreaming efforts on the institutions that deliver and support rural transport infrastructure and services in Kenya. A multi-level case study was conducted at national and county levels where many institutions were surveyed. Results show that gender mainstreaming efforts have transformed rural transport institutions towards gender-responsive staffing, human resource practices, budgeting, procurement and implementation of transport-related works. However, achieving the constitutional two-thirds affirmative action policy in staffing remains a challenge, more so in technical and decision-making bodies. The study found that the meaning and purpose of gender mainstreaming is not sufficiently understood by the majority of transport sector institutions. Additionally, gender-disaggregated data are neither readily available nor applied to rural transport programming and implementation.
pdfTransformative Impact of Mainstreaming Gender in Rural TransportA Review of Seven Case StudiesTanzarn, N.2020A growing body of knowledge shows that differences in women's time/space activity patterns, ownership of assets, and voice in decision-making, relative to men's, results in gender differentiated demands for, and benefits from rural transport services and infrastructure. Based on a review of the seven research projects implemented in the framework of the UK aid funded Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP), this paper analyses the extent to which selected transport policy, plans and projects have adopted gender transformative approaches.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines, Standards and Technical Specifications for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR) in AfghanistanInception ReportInfra Africa PtyPinard, M.;Hongve, J.;Rolt, J.2019The development of Guidelines, Standards and Technical Specifications for Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR) in Afghanistan has been identified as a priority project by the country's Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD). The main goal of the project is to reduce poverty in rural areas by facilitating improved access to economic and social services for rural communities. This Inception Report presents the outcome of a review of current practices in Afghanistan and the implications for the project. The report also provides a detailed project work plan and milestones, as well as a risk assessment and mitigation plan. An outline Table of Contents is also presented for discussion with the MRRD's Technical Steering Committee at the First Stakeholder Consultation Workshop.
pdfInvestigation into the use of Qingqis as a mode of public transport in Punjab ProvinceProgress ReportIMC WorldwideStarkey, P.;Batool, Z.;Younis, W.;Reeves, J.2020ReCAP has contracted IMC Worldwide to undertake research on the use of motorcycle three-wheelers (‘Qingqis') for rural transport services in the Punjab. This Progress Report presents the survey instruments to be used during the research, which include traffic counts and surveys of transport users and transport operators. These will obtain information on the costs and tariffs of Qingqis and the other transport modes available, as well as patterns of use, operator associations, safety issues and people's preferences. During April, the research team jointly visited the selected research villages in three districts of Punjab, gaining new insights into rural transport operations.
pdfInvestigation into the use of Qingqis as a mode of public transport in Punjab ProvinceStakeholder Workshop ReportIMC WorldwideStarkey, P.;Batool, Z.;Younis, W.;Umer, S.;Rehman, A.;Sarmad Ali, M.2020ReCAP has contracted IMC Worldwide to undertake research into the use of motorcycle rickshaws (threewheelers known as ‘Qingqis') for rural transport services in Punjab Province. This report concerns a stakeholder workshop hosted by the National Transport Research Centre on 5 September 2019. About 100 participants from relevant national, provincial and international organisations attended. The morning sessions involved the research team sharing their findings, based on lessons from other countries and their research surveys in three Punjab districts. The afternoon session involved group discussions of key issues emerging. The workshop discussions and findings will be considered as the team members prepare their Final Report and recommendations. The participants gave the workshop a positive evaluation.
pdfAnnabel BradburyInternational Development ProfessionalCricket MediaMelamed, M.2020MUSE magazine for kids interviewed Annabel Bradbury of Cardno about her work as an international development professional.
pdfConsolidation, Revision and Pilot Application of the Rural Access Index (RAI)TG2 Final ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2020The overall aims of this project are to develop a harmonised approach to measurement of the Rural Access Index (RAI) that is relevant, consistent and sustainable, and which facilitates the implementation of RAI across UN member countries. The project has consolidated existing and proposed approaches to data collection and measurement in collaboration with the World Bank and other stakeholders and presents a refined measurement process designed to minimise inconsistencies in data collection, meet international standards and provide a clear framework for data validation. Supplemental Guidelines have been developed to provide detailed advice on how to measure RAI using geospatial resources. The results of the project have been widely disseminated at a number of global events, and three scientific papers have been prepared.
pdfInvestigation of the Suitability of Pre-cast/Pre- Fabricated Modular Bridges for Rural Roads in Nepal – Pilot StudyFabrication Report: Baugi Bridge, ParsaTRL Ltd.Kominek, M.;Workman, R.2020This research has focused on defining and developing a new modular system of bridge construction for Nepal, which is suitable for all environments. The motivation for this project came from DoLIDAR with their need to construct up to 2,000 new bridges to support the expansion of the rural road network. A modular bridge for Nepal has been designed and is being trialled in two locations, one in Doti district (a hilly area in the far west of Nepal) and one in Parsa district on the flat Terai area of Nepal, to the south west of Kathmandu. This report currently covers the fabrication of the modules for Baugi Bridge in Parsa, on the Terai.
pdfDevelopment of a Design Manual for Low Volume Rural Roads in MyanmarProgress Report 3Gauff Ingenieure GmbH;MMICCook, J.;James, M.2020The Development of a Design Manual for Low Volume Rural Roads in Myanmar is a project in two stages. Phase 1 was completed in 2018 and documented in April 2018 in a Final Report. Phase 2 covers the planning, structuring, developing and completing the design manual itself. This report follows the same format as the previous Progress Reports with the main changes being the updated work on the Design Manual. It lays out the overall work programme and highlights key issues as regards to the contents and structure of the design manual. In progress Report 3 the original 13 Chapters are available in a draft form and a new Chapter 11 in outline (zero-draft).
pdfDevelopment and Support to the Implementation of a Strategy for the Establishment of a Road Research Centre in South Sudan2nd Stakeholder Workshop ReportCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.;Anochie-Boateng, J.2020The Development and Support to the Implementation of a Strategy for the Establishment of a Road Research Centre in South Sudan project is being implemented through the Ministry of Roads and Bridges (MRB), under the AfCAP technical assistance programme. The purpose of this report is to present a record of proceedings of the second Stakeholder Workshop held at the Grand Hotel in Juba, South Sudan on 30 October 2019. Thirty-eight (38) participants attended the workshop. The purpose of the workshop was to present the Draft Strategic Plan, outlining what should be achieved and how it can be achieved. The workshop was opened by the Minister of Roads and Bridges, Honourable Simon Mijok Mijak. The overall discussions during the workshop provided further input from stakeholders and final recommendations for inclusion in the Strategic Plan to provide guidance for the establishment of the Road Research Centre (RRC). The RRC is primarily to focus on the delivery of research projects, professional services, and capacity building to sustain road sector performance in South Sudan.
pdfSocio-Economic Impact Evaluation and Planning and Prioritisation Toolkit for Low Volume Rural Roads in AfghanistanInception ReportART Consulting;PLANET SAKouri, P.;Jasim-Falher, A.;Katsochis, D.;Kaisar, S.2020This AsCAP research project has two components – the first component involves an analysis of the socio-economic impact evaluation of rural roads in Afghanistan and the second component involves the design and development of a planning and prioritisation toolkit. This Inception Report describes the initial start-up activities including the objectives and scope of the assignment, availability of resources, secondary data, feasibility, design and methodology of the socioeconomic impact and the design of planning and prioritisation toolkit. In addition, this report provides a literature on the recent rural road development projects, socio-economic studies, and planning and prioritisation practices in Afghanistan and other similar countries.
pdfLignes directrices pour l'intégration de la dimension de genre dans le transport ruralTanzarn, Nite2019Ces lignes directrices se fondent sur les conclusions de divers projets d'intégration de la dimension de genre du Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) financé par UKAid, ainsi que sur l'expérience de l'auteur. L'initiative ReCAP regroupe sept projets déployés dans les pays partenaires d'AfCAP (Éthiopie, Ghana, Kenya, Libéria, Sierra Leone, Tanzanie et Ouganda) et d'AsCAP (Népal). L'objectif global des lignes directrices est de proposer un guide étape par étape, le cas échéant, pour intégrer la dimension de genre dans les domaines suivants, en ayant recours à des exemples illustratifs issus de sept projets de recherche : Politique et planification des transports, institutions du secteur des transports, cycle d'amélioration des infrastructures de transport, et fourniture de services de transport. Les lignes directrices seront utiles aux ministères des Transports, autorités routières, fonds routiers, ministères des Travaux publics des gouvernements locaux, agences de la circulation et de la sécurité routière ainsi qu'aux autorités de régulation et opérateurs des transports.
pdfDesign and Implementation of the Pilot Phase of Mentoring Support for Research Personnel in Transport/Road Research Centres1st Interim ReportCSIR;ALERT Engineering;Paige-Green ConsultingPaige-Green, P.;Verhaeghe, B.2020In order to develop necessary research capacity in its partner countries, ReCAP initiated a three-phased mentoring programme consisting of a Scoping Study (Phase 1), a Mentoring Pilot (Phase 2) and the Roll-Out of the programme to all ReCAP countries (Phase 3). The Mentoring Pilot (Phase 2) is aimed at trialling a methodology for mentoring research personnel and has been initiated in Mozambique and Uganda. This Interim Report describes the results of the mentor/mentee interactions in Kampala, Uganda during September 2019 and in Maputo, Mozambique during October 2019, and the remote mentoring of the mentees by the mentors following these interactions.
pdfReCAP Benefit Assessment SystemFinal Systems Architectural Design ReportBRRIFekpe, E.;Amuzu, M.;Ackaah, W.2019This report presents the systems architecture that includes the indicators for assessing the benefits of research investments, a detailed description of the Benefit Assessment System (BAS) and the Monitoring and Evaluation(M&E) framework using the indicators. The system architecture is also presented. It describes the structure of the database and M&E website using Open Source software application. The open source software suite is sustainable and presents a simple yet powerful architecture which integrates very well with other open standard application for data visualization and manipulation.
pdfRural Access Index (RAI) Measurement Tool: Proof of ConceptFinal ReportAzaveaWall, S.;Bernet, R.2020ReCAP engaged with Azavea to develop a software framework for the Rural Access Index (RAI) Measurement Tool that enables the calculation of the proportion of the rural population who live within 2 km of an all-season road for every country globally. The proof of concept application is complete and the results are available at rai.azavea.com. The tool calculates the RAI value for all countries using open datasets (OpenStreetMap, WorldPop (2019), GRUMP) and the methodology for measuring SDG 9.1.1 developed by the World Bank in 2016, and Supplemental Guidelines developed by TRL. For three trial countries, the tool displays the results of the open data approach, in addition to the results of an approach using data provided by road agencies in each country.
pdfEnhancing rural transport connectivity to regional and international transport networks in Asia and the PacificMonograph SeriesUNESCAPUNESCAP2019This Monograph aims to stimulate a wider discussion on what governments can do to enhance rural transport connectivity to higher level networks, and in doing so, make their rural transport networks more effective conduits for socioeconomic development. It is setting out the case for why vertical connectivity is an important policy objective for transport policymakers at all levels, including rural, state and national; it assesses how different components of transport systems, namely infrastructure, services and nodes, contribute to this connectivity; and examines how rural transport connectivity is being integrated into policymaking and financing decisions, and what kind of data is needed to support these processes.
pdfScoping study for the establishment of an effective pothole and- patch-repair programme for the rural road network of LGED in BangladeshFinal ReportCSIRKomba, J.;Roux, M.;Mvelase, G.2020This Final Report of this AsCAP project carried out for the Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) in Bangladesh, consolidates the project activities undertaken and provides recommendations to be considered by LGED for a more effective methodology for pothole-and-patch-repair. The recommendations in the report cover a) Mobile Maintenance Team (MMT) staffing; b) pothole-repair vehicles and equipment; c) pothole-repair materials/options; d) pothole-repair management and reporting systems; e) options for outsourcing pothole-repair; f) MMT budget requirements, and g) the need for updating LGED guidelines for rural roads maintenance. The report furthermore includes a Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), in terms of the evaluation of the life cycle costs associated with selected pothole-repair methods.
pdfConsolidation, Revision and Pilot Application of the Rural Access Index (RAI)Workshop ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2019A key part of the RAI project is to present the findings of the TG2 phase of the project, and propose recommendations for TG3, at a stakeholder workshop. This report contains two separate reviews of the two workshops. The first workshop was held in Malawi in August 2019 and included representatives from all stakeholder groups in Malawi, as well as representatives from Ghana. The second workshop was held at the PIARC World Road Congress in Abu Dhabi in October 2019 and included representatives from most ReCAP countries, as well as from key agencies such as the World Bank, UK's Department for International Development, the Asian Development Bank and the African Development Bank.
pdfClimate resilient reinforced concrete structures in coastal environmentReview and updating of LGED Schedule of rates 2017Mott MacDonaldSrinivasan, S.;Gibb, I.2019The first and main part of the project examined the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, recommended cost effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and suggested improvements in construction practice and workmanship necessary to enhance service life. This report provides recommended amendments to the LGED schedule of rates 2017 document to incorporate the specification and requirements for the construction of durable concrete structures in the coastal regions of Bangladesh.
pdfClimate resilient reinforced concrete structures in coastal environmentWorkshop and training for LGED site engineersMott MacDonaldSrinivasan, S.;Khan Tina, D.Y.2019The first and main part of this AsCAP project examined the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, recommended cost-effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and suggested improvements in construction practice and workmanship necessary to enhance service life. This report summarises the activities undertaken, training material on best concrete practices, discussion on comments and suggestions provided by LGED engineers at the workshop held on 7th March 2019.
pdfOpportunities to maximise the benefits of motorcycle and motorised three-wheeler taxis in rural Democratic Republic of CongoPolicy BriefTransaid;AmendTransaid;Amend2020This policy brief has been developed based on a 2019 study of motorcycles and motorised three-wheeler taxis in rural areas of DRC. The aim of the study was to improve the current knowledge and understanding concerning the effective ways of enabling rural people to benefit from the safe use of motorcycles and motorised three-wheelers. The results of the study can be used to enhance the operation of these vehicles to provide safe, affordable and socially inclusive access for rural communities.
pdfEnhancing Understanding on Safe Motorcycle and Three Wheeler Use for Rural Transport in DRCFinal ReportTransaid;AmendBarber, C.;Weijde, K. van der;Bishop, T.2020This DRC Final Report presents the DRC-specific findings of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. This project was carried out in DRC between February 2019 and December 2019. The study has revealed that motorcycle taxis are very important for rural travel, and growing in popularity among rural communities. As well as the many benefits that motorcycle taxis provide, riders and passengers are also frequently the victims of road traffic crashes, as well as crime, abuse and health issues. There is a poor level of compliance with existing regulations and training required by law in DRC by riders and capacity shortfalls in terms of enforcement by governmental actors. The results of this study can be used by the DRC government and other key stakeholders to better understand the issues related to the use of motorcycle taxis in rural areas and to develop policy and practice to maximise the benefits and minimise the disbenefits.
pdfEnhancing Understanding on Safe Motorcycle and Three Wheeler Use for Rural Transport in DRCDiscussion Paper: Democratic Republic of CongoTransaid;AmendBarber, C.;Weijde, K. van der;Bishop, T.2019This Discussion Paper presents some DRC-specific findings of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three- wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. After an initial scoping trip to DRC that took place in February 2019, the research strategy was reviewed and finalised. Activities included a review of the regulatory framework and existing training, a survey of the benefits and disbenefits of motorcycle and three-wheeler taxis, and key informant interviews. The study has revealed that motorcycle taxis are very important for rural travel, and growing in popularity among rural communities. They are especially important for health-related trips and also provide economic advantages, creating employment and supporting agriculture. As well as the many benefits that motorcycle taxis provide, riders and passengers are also frequently the victims of road traffic crashes, as well as crime, abuse and health issues.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaDTU Base Set-Up Report, Volume 1Intech Associates;Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2019This is a capacity building project that seeks to introduce a cost- effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance by using tractor-based technologies already successfully applied in a number of countries in the region. This report describes the activities of the Consultant's team who visited Zambia on two occasions in November 2019 to facilitate the preparations for starting the main training and demonstration activities in December 2019. The status of the inventory, condition and valuation of the Chongwe road network and the various supporting DTU initiatives are described in this report. The Consultants continue to provide remote support between country visits.
pdfEstablishment of Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport LeadershipQuarterly Progress Report 2Mott MacDonald;University of Cape Town;University of BirminghamKelly, K.;Jones, S.2019Mott MacDonald, the University of Cape Town and the University of Birmingham commenced the establishment of a Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport Leadership (CSSTL) in February 2019. This report is the second Quarterly Progress Report for the project.
pdfEstablishment of Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport LeadershipInterim ReportMott MacDonald;University of Cape Town;University of BirminghamJones, S.;Zuidgeest, M.;Kelly, K.2019The project to establish a Centre for sub-Saharan Transport Leadership (CSSTL) has been operational since February 2019 and this Interim Report and Draft Business Plan is the second major deliverable. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) in Ghana were awarded Host Institution status on a three-month probationary period pending the finalisation of activities, such as selection of Management Staff and agreement of a contract with ReCAP. KNUST were selected based on their current transport and business school strengths, in addition to the synergies they bring through their World Bank funded Transport Education and Research Centre Kumasi (TRECK). The next steps in are to finalise the Business Plan, a contract between KNUST and ReCAP and finalise the curriculum and syllabus so approval for a new programme can be sought from KNUST University Management.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaCompletion Report for Phase 2CSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Paige-Green, P.;Komba, J.;Mokoena, R.;Rampersad, A.;Arnold, K.2019In order to help address this significant threat to Africa's development, the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP), a research programme funded by UKAid, commissioned a project to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. This completion report reflects on the achievements of Phase 2 of this project. It addresses the project outcomes with respect to (a) progress on the establishment of demonstration sections in three priority countries, namely Mozambique, Ethiopia and Ghana; (b) reflects on the outcomes of the workshops and training activities; (c) improvements to the Climate Adaptation Handbook, guidelines and manual, and development of a quantified Vulnerability Index; (d) status of the Country Reports; (e) knowledge dissemination; and (f) cost-benefit analysis for the AfCAP Climate Adaptation project.
pdfRural Transport Services Indicators: Using a new mixed-methods methodology to inform policy in GhanaBRRI;Swansea UniversityAfukaar, F.;Damsere-Derry, J.;Peters, K.;Starkey, P.2019Rural people need access to markets and services. In developing countries, where private vehicle ownership is limited, villagers depend on public transport services. However, research evidence available to inform policy formulation is often extremely limited. To better understand the characteristics, costs, frequencies and acceptability of rural transport services in Ghana, data was collected using a methodology developed by the International Forum for Rural Transport and Development. This methodology combines traffic count data with structured qualitative interviews with transport users, operators, regulators and local development experts. A key finding concerned motorcycle taxis which, although officially banned in 2012, remain a common sight in rural Ghana and are generally appreciated by transport users and other stakeholders. Following our presentation of findings to an audience of national stakeholders and policy-makers, a consensus emerged to continue restricting commercial motorcycle operations in cities and on highways, but allowing them on rural roads, if combined with appropriate safety training and regulations. These findings feed into an ongoing policy debate about motorcycle taxi transport in Sub-Saharan Africa.
pdfImproving Transport for AllReCAP PMUReCAP PMU;HVT PMU2020Flyer of the Improving Transport for All session, organised by the UK aid-funded ReCAP and HVT programmes at the Transforming Transportation 2020 conference.
pdfRural Transport Survey ReportPujehun town-Gbondapi, Pujehun District, Sierra LeoneEcofin Consultants;Swansea UniversityMustapha, S.;Peters, K.;Tunis, N.2018This survey was held in the framework of the Rural Transport Diagnostic Study for Sierra Leone, sponsored by AfCAP. This study was carried out in the Coastal plains zone in Sierra Leone, focusing on the Pujehun town–Gbondapi rural road in Pujehun District in the Southern Province. The study sought to understand the existing transport systems for the rural communities along and within the road's catchment area. The rapid rural appraisal methodology was used to gain a deep understanding of this, via in-depth qualitative interviews with transport users, operators, regulators and local experts concerned with socio-economic development. The study showed that during non-market days, motorcycle taxis are the main mode of transport.
pdfRural Transport Survey ReportKabala-Bafodia, Koinadugu District, Sierra LeoneEcofin Consultants;Swansea UniversityMustapha, S.;Peters, K.;Tunis, N.2018This survey was held in the framework of the Rural Transport Diagnostic Study for Sierra Leone, sponsored by AfCAP. This study was carried out in the interior plateau zone in Sierra Leone, focusing on the Kabala-Bafodia rural road in Koinadugu District in the Northern Province. The study sought to understand the existing transport services for the rural communities along and within the road's catchment area. The rapid rural appraisal methodology was used to gain a deep understanding of this, via in-depth qualitative interviews with transport users, operators, regulators and local experts concerned with socio-economic development. The study showed that motorcycle taxis are the dominant mode of transport providing daily rural transport services.
pdfRural Transport Survey ReportBatkanu-Makoth, Bombali District, Sierra LeoneEcofin Consultants;Swansea UniversityMustapha, S.;Peters, K.;Tunis, N.2018This survey was held in the framework of the Rural Transport Diagnostic Study for Sierra Leone, sponsored by AfCAP. This study was carried out in the interior zone in Sierra Leone, focusing on the Batkanu-Makoth rural road in Bombali District in the Northern Province. The study sought to understand the existing transport services for the rural communities along and within the road's catchment area. Structured but in-depth qualitative interviews with transport users, operators, regulators and those concerned with socio-economic development were conducted, following the rapid rural appraisal methodology. The study showed that motorcycle taxis are the dominant mode of transport providing daily rural transport services. Some taxi cars, pick-up trucks and mini-buses ply the road as well, depending on the time of the year.
pdfRural Access Index (RAI): Supplemental GuidelinesMeasuring Rural Access Using New TechnologiesTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2019This document contains supplemental guidelines to the 2016 RAI methodology (World Bank, 2016). These supplemental guidelines contain detailed, step-by-step procedures for calculation, documentation and publication of RAI (SDG 9.1.1) for a country. They follow the key tenets of the 2016 methodology, emphasising the involvement of National Statistical Offices (NSOs) and government agencies in the process, and providing transparency and consistency in how the RAI is calculated. These guidelines also provide an alternative approach to the ‘all-season' aspect of RAI by focusing on the intended purpose of the road network and the changing risks of accessibility to that network, rather than relying on physical measurements of road condition. They also encourage NSOs to engage with new online tools and platforms such as WorldPop, OpenStreetMap and others to improve the accuracy and accessibility of data and statistics for RAI.
pdfA review of motorcycle and motorised three-wheeler taxi related legislation in KenyaAmendMuhia, G.;Bishop, T.2018Presentation held at 2nd iTRARR Conference, June 2018, Mombasa, Kenya. A DfID-funded research project on ""Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks"", supported by AfCAP and being undertaken in Kenya, Ghana, Tanzania and Uganda, has explored issues related to motorcycles and three-wheelers in detail. This presentation provides a review of the Kenyan policy and legislation surrounding motorcycles and motorised three-wheelers, together with an assessment of their strengths and weaknesses, and a comparison with policy and legislation in the other project countries.
pdfA review of motorcycle and motorised three-wheeler taxi related legislation in KenyaAmendMuhia, G.;Bishop, T.2018A DfID-funded research project on "Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks", supported by AfCAP and being undertaken in Kenya, Ghana, Tanzania and Uganda, has explored issues related to motorcycles and three-wheelers in detail. This paper presents a review of the Kenyan policy and legislation surrounding motorcycles and motorised three-wheelers, together with an assessment of their strengths and weaknesses, and a comparison with policy and legislation in the other project countries.
pdfClimate resilient reinforced concrete structures in coastal environmentBangladesh Case StudyMott MacDonald;Local Government Engineering DepartmentSrinivasan, S.;Gibb, I.;Khan, E.H.2018Future changes in climate can have a direct impact on concrete structures especially in the coastal regions by means of increased rates of physical and chemical deterioration processes and increased environmental loading caused by extreme weather events. Adaptation to climate change involves understanding the implications of changes in environmental conditions on existing concrete structures and modifying specifications and standards to design resilient and durable concrete structures. This paper reports the outcome of research project funded by ReCAP (UK AID) to investigates various environmental factors that contribute to the deterioration of concrete structures in the coastal region of Bangladesh and identify solutions to improve the durability of concrete to resist environmental loading for the intended design life of the structure. Condition survey of bridges in the coastal districts indicated that the concrete structures were deteriorating rapidly (within 10-15 years of construction) due to exposure to aggressive marine environment, issues related to poor workmanship, limited availability of good quality materials and lack of awareness on good construction practices. The paper reports on the outcome of an experimental investigation on the performance of local materials aimed at developing concrete mixes which will provide enhanced durability of concrete in future.
pdfClimate resilient reinforced concrete structures in coastal environmentMott MacDonaldSrinivasan, S.2018Presentation held at the 2nd iTRARR Conference, June 2018, Mombasa, Kenya. Future changes in climate can have a direct impact on concrete structures especially in the coastal regions by means of increased rates of physical and chemical deterioration processes and increased environmental loading caused by extreme weather events. Adaptation to climate change involves understanding the implications of changes in environmental conditions on existing concrete structures and modifying specifications and standards to design resilient and durable concrete structures. This paper reports the outcome of research project funded by ReCAP (UK AID) to investigates various environmental factors that contribute to the deterioration of concrete structures in the coastal region of Bangladesh and identify solutions to improve the durability of concrete to resist environmental loading for the intended design life of the structure. Condition survey of bridges in the coastal districts indicated that the concrete structures were deteriorating rapidly (within 10-15 years of construction) due to exposure to aggressive marine environment, issues related to poor workmanship, limited availability of good quality materials and lack of awareness on good construction practices. The paper reports on the outcome of an experimental investigation on the performance of local materials aimed at developing concrete mixes which will provide enhanced durability of concrete in future.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaReview Visit and Phase 2 Commencement ReportIntech Associates;Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2019A scoping study was carried out January - April 2016, aimed at investigating the location, institutional and management arrangements, organisation requirements and costs of setting up a Tractor Technology Demonstration-Training unit (DTU) for rural roads in Zambia. The proven technology promises to substantially reduce the costs of, and improve sustainability of, maintaining the Zambian unpaved road network. This report describes outcomes of the review visit and start-up activities of Phase 2 of the project carried out by the consultants (Intech Associates), in August 2019, after Phase 1 was completed in April 2018.
pdfApproaching rural road investments with a transport services perspectivePosterTRL Ltd.Starkey, P.2019Poster presented at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress 2019. The ‘Interactions: Maintenance-Provision of Access for Rural Transport Services (IMPARTS)' research project is studying how the provision and maintenance of low-volume rural roads impact rural transport services and the mobility of people and their goods. The road provision-preservation-services continuum requires an integrated approach to ensure road investments are well-planned, cost-effective and appropriate to rural communities. The paper outlines deficiencies in rural road planning procedures and guidance from rural road impact studies for developing countries. A particular weakness is when major changes in modal composition occur following road investment. To address the issue, the paper draws on recent research from Ethiopia, Liberia, Kenya and Tanzania to show how transport services data can help provide a bridge between rural road investment, and different sectors of the economy.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisCAPSA delegate reportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Mukura, K.2019Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) through Back Analysis is a project being carried out in three phases. Phase 1 and Phase 2 were completed whereas Phase 3 started in December 2018 and is scheduled for completion in June 2020. This report presents the outcomes of the low volume roads workshop held at the CAPSA 2019 conference in October 2019, and key points of papers relevant to low volume roads, presented at other sessions of the conference. The workshop at the conference represents part of the dissemination activities of the project.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisPhase 3 Fieldwork ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Mukura, K.;Mayanja, M.;Musenero, L.;Leal, D.;Rolt, J.2019Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) through Back Analysis is a project being carried out in three phases. Phase 1 and Phase 2 were completed whereas Phase 3 started in December 2018 and is scheduled for completion in June 2020. This report describes the activities undertaken during the fieldwork stage of Phase 3 including site measurements, sampling of materials for laboratory testing, laboratory testing, and gathering any useful existing data related to the roads and capacity building. The report is an update of previous versions submitted in April and July 2019.
pdfRaising the profile of the Rural Access Index as a vital SDG indicator for measuring rural development and connectivityPosterTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2019Poster presented at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress 2019. The Rural Access Index (RAI) was defined in 2005 as the proportion of a rural population living within 2 km of an all-season road. In 2016 the RAI definition was adopted as Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Indicator 9.1.1 requiring regular update of RAI data for the majority of United Nations (UN) countries. ReCAP-funded research is working to develop, propose and obtain agreement on a harmonised approach to data collection and measurement of RAI, and scale up implementation of the RAI across UN member countries, starting with a trial of the proposed measurement framework in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. This paper will describe how the measurement approach for the RAI has been refined in order to eradicate inconsistencies in data collection, meet international standards, and provide a clear framework for data quality assurance.
pdfScoping Study to Explore the Suitability of SDG Indicator 9.1.2 for Rural AccessInception ReportSieber, N.;Hine, J.;Dalkmann, H.;Wililo, S.;Mengesha, T.;Poudyal, S.2019This is a scoping study contributing to the development of Sustainable Development Target (SDG) target 9.1 that seeks to ‘develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, including regional and trans-border infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all'. This study focuses on Indicator 9.1.2. This report reflects the state of the project after one month of preparatory works and research that has been undertaken. Information is provided about the background of the research, namely the relevant SDG indicators 9.1.1 and 9.1.2. The research methodology consists of four tasks: i) an analysis of the State of the Art, ii) surveys undertaken in three countries (Nepal, Ethiopia and Tanzania) iii) a stakeholder consultation process and iv) a methodological approach for rural transport assessment.
pdfDesign and Implementation of the Pilot Phase of Mentoring Support for Research Personnel in Transport/Road Research CentresInception ReportCSIR;ALERT Engineering;Paige-Green ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Araya, A.;Paige-Green, P.2019One of the principal focus areas of ReCAP is the development of research capacity with the aim to achieve long-term sustainability and self-sufficiency in ReCAP partner countries. In order to support this, ReCAP initiated a three-phased mentoring programme consisting of a Scoping Study (Phase 1), a Mentoring Pilot (Phase 2) and the Roll-Out of the programme to all ReCAP countries (Phase 3). Following a scoping study in Uganda on mentoring of national professional staff on research methods (Phase 1), the Mentoring Pilot (Phase 2) aimed at trialling methodology for mentoring research personnel has been initiated in Mozambique and Uganda. This Inception Report presents the methodology that is proposed for the training of research staff on the essential components of research in order to provide the mentees with a bespoke toolbox of skills focussed on their particular development needs.
pdfInteractions between improved rural access infrastructure and transport services provisionPhase 2-3 Brief Progress ReportTRLStarkey, P.;Hine, J.;Workman, R.2019The ‘Interactions: Maintenance-Provision of Access for Rural Transport Services (IMPARTS)' project is examining how investments in low-volume rural road (LVRR) construction (provision) and maintenance (preservation) affect rural transport services (RTS).This statement reports progress in the Phase 2 tasks, which will involve surveys on LVRRs in one Asian and one African country. Visits were made to Ghana, Nepal and Tanzania to view possible roads and related RTS datasets. While all three countries provided helpful lessons relating to engineering issues and RTS, the ‘before' datasets from Nepal and Tanzania were more comprehensive, so these countries were prioritised for surveys. Survey instruments have been developed and enumerators have been trained in both countries. Surveys in Nepal will commence in August 2019. In Tanzania, survey commencement depends on the requested research permissions being granted by the government.
pdfSpeciliazed Technical Session on Sustainable TransportReCAP;SSATP2019The specialised technical session on Sustainable Transport was organised jointly by ReCAP, SSATP and ARMFA at the SSATP annual general meeting 2019.
pdfGuidelines for a holistic approach to sustainable climate adaptation and resilience for rural road infrastructure in AfricaReCAP PMULeta, N.2019Presented at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress 2019, this presentation provides the Sub-Sahara African perspective on climate change and the implications in particular for rural communities, bearing the majority of consequences following inaction. The presentation explains the background to the ReCAP Climate Adaptation project, which looked to develop regional guidance on the development of climate resilient road infrastructure. The critical need for embedment and mainstreaming in road engineering practices as well as national policies, information systems, thinking and local capacities is highlighted. The presentation contains a summary of typical issues encountered in climate change adaptation in African countries and recommended actions for a way forward.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementPosterCDSGeddes, R.2019Poster presented at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress 2019. The sustainable provision of road infrastructure in developing countries is essential for allowing the rural population to access markets, basic services and employment opportunities. However, with limited funds available and low management capacity in rural roads agencies, a large proportion of the rural road network in Africa remains in poor condition. ReCAP is supporting research aimed at fostering higher levels of accountability and introducing sound road asset management practices in rural road agencies. A key finding of the project is the need to build a conducive policy environment for rural road management, encourage involvement of stakeholders and widen the options for sustainable funding of road maintenance works.
pdfA new analytical framework for road safety decision making in Sierra LeonePosterFRED EngineeringTripodi, A.2019Poster presented at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress 2019. Road safety has been identified as a key aspect of rural access and mobility development in Sierra Leone. Having established a policy to reduce the burden of deaths and disabilities through road traffic crashes in the country, the Government of Sierra Leone was seeking to ensure that appropriate strategies are identified and applied to address road safety needs, based on analytical methods. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive road traffic crash database was developed to capture crash data and to provide a better understanding of the road safety needs so that appropriate interventions can be applied.
pdfClimate Change Adaptation in the African Roads Sector: Constraints, Opportunities and Policy ChallengesPosterCSIRMaritz, J.2019Poster presented at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress 2019. To enhance the capacity of roads authorities to reduce the current and future impacts of climate change on rural roads, a project was initiated by the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP), a research programme funded by UK Aid, to focus on climate adaptation in this sector. Through research and knowledge sharing, the objective was to compile pragmatic, cost-beneficial engineering and non-engineering procedures and guidance that could be used to direct roads sector institutions to address climate threats. A methodology for carrying out climate adaptation assessments for rural roads was developed and packaged into a handbook and series of linked guideline documents. The project further looked at addressing capacity enhancement in the AfCAP partner countries to ensure a strong focus on embedment and uptake.
pdfLandslide management on the Ugandan national road networkPosterUganda National Roads AuthorityLekea, A.2019Poster presented at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress 2019. Landslides are recurring natural phenomena that occur frequently in the Ugandan mountain areas of Rwenzori, Mufumbiro and Elgon. Maintaining the stability of the road reserve and its associated engineering assets is a priority for the Uganda National Road Authority, and this requires a focus not only on earthworks slopes but also the wider terrain in which the road is constructed. A web-based landslide data inventory has been set up within the Uganda National Road Authority to record landslide events and impacts and this will be combined with other GIS and remote sensing sources to develop a map of hazard-prone areas. The establishment of guidelines to maximise environmental and social benefits through optimum management of the road reserve, integrating engineering with community participation and agricultural extension would also be of benefit to future practice.
pdfThe Expansion of Three-Wheeler Transport Services: the Case of Qingqis in PakistanPosterIMC Worldwide;University of LahoreStarkey, P.;Batool, Z.;Younis, W.2019Poster presented at 26th PIARC World Road Congress 2019. The growth of three-wheeler transport services has accelerated in the past two decades, following rapid increases in the production of affordable motorcycles and three-wheelers in Asian countries. In Pakistan, Qingqi is a generic term (proprietary eponym) for a motorcycle-based three-wheeler, used for urban or rural public transport services. On-going AsCAP research is examining technological, economic, social, environmental and safety aspects of Qingqi operations. Their advantages and disadvantages are being identified from the different perspectives of the regulators, owners, operators and the diverse users (disaggregated for gender, age, disabilities, trip-purpose, etc). The research is providing evidence-based understanding of the current role of Qingqis, in order to identify appropriate policies and strategies for Qingqis (or suggested alternative means of public transport) that will be acceptable to, and affordable by, the key stakeholders.
pdfThe Role of Knowledge Management in the Uptake and Embedment of Rural Transport ResearchPosterReCAP PMUVisser, C.;Cook.J.2019Poster presented at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress 2019. It is accepted that rural road infrastructure and associated transport services are essential in providing the reliable, affordable and sustainable access to important services and markets for poor communities, hence under-pinning key UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Over the last three decades the UK Department For International Development (DFID), through UK aid, amongst other organisations, has supported significant advances in relevant applied research aimed at improving the effectiveness and sustainability of this infrastructure and transport services. However, important challenges remain as to the uptake and implementation of new research outcomes and the application of new knowledge in the rural transport sector. This poster outlines, with examples, the approach of the UK aid-funded Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) in overcoming the challenges inherent in the application of research through more effective knowledge management.
pdfUse of the DCP-DN Design Method in LVRR Design and ConstructionPractitioners MemoReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2019This memo is to inform practitioners in rural road design and construction about the outcomes of a study looking into the cost-effectiveness and value for money of the DCP-DN method for design and construction of low volume rural roads.
pdfEvaluation of cost-effectiveness and value for money of DCP-DN pavement design method for low volume roads compared to conventional designsFinal ReportInfra Africa PtyPinard, M.;Zyl, G. Van; Hongve, J.2019The main purpose of the project is to evaluate, in terms of cost-effectiveness (upfront cost savings and life-cycle costs) and value-for-money, a number of unpaved road sections located in selected African countries that were upgraded to a paved standard using the DCP-DN method. Additional objectives are to evaluate the outcome (uptake) and potential impact of the DCP-DN method. The conclusion to be drawn from the very wide range of design evaluations is that, in general, the DCP-DN method is the most cost-effective design option at relatively low TLCs, up to about 0.7 MESA and across all subgrade strengths. However, at TLCs above 0.7 MESA the method gradually becomes less cost effective than the other methods, particularly ORN31, which become more cost-effective in many situations.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in Africa Management of Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change: MozambiqueCSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's Consulting Roux, A. Le;Head, M.;Arnold, K;Roux, M.;Verhaeghe, B.;Engelbrecht, F.;Makhanya, S.;Paige-Green, P.2019AfCAP commissioned a project in April 2016 to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. The output will assist the development of a climate resilient road network that reaches fully into and between rural communities.The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. This document is a country report on Mozambique on the management of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change using the principles and recommendations set out in the AfCAP Climate Adaptation Handbook and the relevant associated Guidelines. This report concludes with final actions flowing from an embedment workshop and engagements held in April 2018.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaMohambe-Maqueze Demonstration Sections in Mozambique: Design and Construction ReportCSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's ConsultingPaige-Green, P.;Komba, J.;Verhaeghe, B.;Langa, R.;Dzimba, M.;Alfinete, I.2019AfCAP commissioned a project to a CSIR-led consortium to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. The output assists the development of a climate-resilient road network that reaches fully into and between rural communities. Part A of the project consisted of three Work Packages (WPs), one for each of the AfCAP lead countries (i.e. Mozambique, Ghana and Ethiopia), and focused on the physical implementation of demonstration sections as well as “soft” demonstrators linked to vulnerability assessments and road asset management. The focus of this report is on the Mozambique demonstration project. A 50 km gravel (unpaved) road between Mohambe and Maqueze in the Gaza province were identified for the construction of demonstration sections. Four locations were selected and design solutions (adaptation measures) were developed to address the identified problems at the sections. The construction of the four demonstration sections was completed in May 2019. This report covers a) the assessment and the identification of the problems; b) design of the solutions, and c) construction of the demonstration sections.
pdfEmbedment of Climatic Effects in the Road Asset Management ProcessCSIRRoux, A.2019Presentation held at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress, 6-10 October 2019, Abu Dhabi. As part of an AfCAP Climate Adaptation study, a Climate Threat and Vulnerability Assessment Methodology has been developed that can be applied at a national level to facilitate the identification of regions/districts where the road infrastructure is most vulnerable to a changing climate in terms of the impact on rural accessibility. A second methodology for the assessment of climate risk and vulnerability of rural access roads at a local level has also been developed. The outcomes from these assessments are a number of indices, both separate and combined, that can be used to rank roads and structures in terms of priority for maintenance or adaptation.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementFinal ReportCDSGeddes, R.;Bopoto, C.;Lema, C.;Muhia, G.;Gongera, K.;Pinard, M.2019The Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) has provided technical assistance and capacity building initiatives to foster sustainable improvements in asset management performance in selected rural road agencies in Sub-Saharan Africa. The countries that participated in the project are Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone, Tanzania and the Western Cape region of South Africa. District road networks were selected in each country as a focus for the research project. Central to the research methodology was the development of a specification to enable road agencies to assess their performance in asset management as a basis for self-improvement. Simple tools were developed and piloted in the participating countries. As a result of undertaking the project, there is now an increased awareness of the importance of adopting a holistic approach to road asset management. This Final Report summarises the activities and outcomes over a three-year period from November 2015 to the end of 2018.
pdfWidening the Scope of Pavement Materials for Use in the Provision of Low Volume Sealed RoadsTRLOtto, A.;Mukura, K.;Rolt, J.;Musenero, L.2019Workshop presentation held at the 12th Conference on Asphalt Pavements for Southern Africa (CAPSA), Sun City, October 2019. The presentation provides an overview of the regional Back Analysis project undertaken in the framework of AfCAP. It addresses its background, study methodology, proposed revisions, selected case studies, conclusions to date and further research recommendations.
pdfGender and Rural Transport ConnectivityReCAP PMUBradbury, A.2019Presentation held at the UNESCAP Expert Meeting on "Enhancing Rural Transport Connectivity to Regional and International Transport Networks" in Bangkok, July 2019. The presentation provides an overview of the cluster of projects on gender mainstreaming in (rural) transport that was implemented over 2015-2017, the approach taken, its significance, outcomes and recommendations. It provides an overview of the Gender mainstreaming guidelines that were conceived based on the outcomes of the project cluster.
pdfDesigning Climate-Resilient Roads for Long-Term Rural AccessTechnical BriefCSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's ConsultingCSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's Consulting2018The technical brief provides an overview of the AfCAP project on Climate Resilience for rural road networks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Its overall aim was to secure the welfare and adaptive capacity of vulnerable rural communities by enabling SSA countries to mitigate current and future climate impacts on low volume roads, thereby ensuring climate-resilient access to markets and services.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaBriefing Note February 2019CSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's ConsultingCSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's Consulting2019This Briefing Note No 7 of February 2019 provides an update on the Africa regional project on Climate Adaptation. It addresses in particular the embedment of climate change aspects in road asset management systems. It provides recommendations on how to integrate climate change risk assessments in the road asset management practices.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaBriefing Note January 2018CSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's ConsultingCSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's Consulting2018This Briefing Note No 6 of January 2018 provides an update on the Africa regional project on Climate Adaptation. It introduces the draft Handbook and Guidelines that were developed based on the research undertaken in the project. It describes the Handbook's methodology and summarises the results of trials of the Hanbook in Ethiopia, Ghana and Mozambique by using previously identified climate adaptation demonstration sections for both hands-on training and validation.
pdfRaising the profile of the Rural Access Index as a vital SDG indicator for measuring rural development and connectivityTRL;ReCAP PMUWorkman, R.;McPherson, K.;Bradbury, A.2019The Rural Access Index (RAI) was defined in 2005 as the proportion of a rural population living within 2 km of an all-season road. In 2016 the RAI definition was adopted as Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Indicator 9.1.1 requiring regular update of RAI data for the majority of United Nations (UN) countries. ReCAP-funded research is working to develop, propose and obtain agreement on a harmonised approach to data collection and measurement of RAI, and scale up implementation of the RAI across UN member countries, starting with a trial of the proposed measurement framework in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. This paper will describe how the measurement approach for the RAI has been refined in order to eradicate inconsistencies in data collection, meet international standards, and provide a clear framework for data quality assurance.
pdfPotential for measurement of the Rural Access Index in the futureTRLWorkman, R.2019The Rural Access Index (RAI) was defined in 2005 as the proportion of a rural population living within 2 km of an all-season road. In 2016 the RAI definition was adopted as Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Indicator 9.1.1 requiring regular update of RAI data for the majority of United Nations (UN) countries. At present, the methodology for the RAI is being refined with ReCAP funding and a clearer way forward was identified to accelerate progress within its geographical coverage. This paper explores alternative method of RAI measurement for the future, using satellite imagery, mobile phone data and a range of alternative technologies. Some of these are likely to be possible in the short term, but others are looking beyond the horizon and will require a leap in technology to become feasible.
pdfApproaching rural road investments with a transport services perspectiveTRLStarkey, P.;Hine, J.;Workman, R.2019The ‘Interactions: Maintenance-Provision of Access for Rural Transport Services (IMPARTS)' research project is studying how the provision and maintenance of low-volume rural roads impact rural transport services and the mobility of people and their goods. The road provision-preservation-services continuum requires an integrated approach to ensure road investments are well-planned, cost-effective and appropriate to rural communities. The paper outlines deficiencies in rural road planning procedures and guidance from rural road impact studies for developing countries. A particular weakness is when major changes in modal composition occur following road investment. To address the issue, the paper draws on recent research from Ethiopia, Liberia, Kenya and Tanzania to show how transport services data can help provide a bridge between rural road investment, and different sectors of the economy.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaSixth Quarterly Progress ReportCSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Makanya, S.;Komba, J.;Paige-Green, P.;Maritz, J.;Roux, A. Le2019In order to help address the significant threat to Africa's development climate change poses, the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) has commissioned a two-phased project to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. This sixth Quarterly Progress Report outlines the progress that has been made since September 2018, i.e. it covers the period from September 2018 to February 2019. It primarily focusses on the following activities/events: (a) progress on the establishment of demonstration sections in Mozambique; (b) embedment workshop held in Ghana; (c) status of the climate adaptation handbook, guidelines and manual; (d) development of a quantified Vulnerability Index; (e) knowledge dissemination; (f) status of the country reports; (g) preliminary work plan for Phase 3; and (h) preliminary cost-benefit analysis for the AfCAP Climate Adaptation project.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaFifth Quarterly Progress ReportCSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.:Maritz, J.;Arnold, K.;Roux, A. Le;Paige-Green, P.;Roux, M.2018In order to help address the significant threat to Africa's development climate change poses, the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) has commissioned a two-phased project to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. This fifth Quarterly Progress Report outlines the progress that has been made since the fourth Quarterly Progress Report of May 2018, i.e. it covers the period from June 2018 to August 2018. It primarily focusses on the following five activities/events: (a) progress on the establishment of demonstration sections; (b) feedback on the embedment workshops and meetings held in Ethiopia and Ghana; (c) improvements to the Engineering Adaptation Guidelines; (d) status of the country reports; and (e) knowledge dissemination.
pdfRural Access Index (RAI): Update and Next StepsReCAP PMUBradbury, A.2019Presentation held at the UNESCAP Expert Meeting on ""Enhancing Rural Transport Connectivity to Regional and International Transport Networks"" in Bangkok, July 2019. The presentation summarises the ReCAP sponsored research that looks into the consolidations and validation of a revised methodology to measure the RAI.
pdfA Review of the DCP-DN Pavement Design Method for Low Volume Sealed Roads: Development and ApplicationsTshwane University of Technology;MycubePaige-Green, P.;Zyl, G. van2019Widespread implementation of the DCP-DN design method for low volume roads has been promoted internationally over the past decade or so. The method has progressed from a simple determination of the in situ CBR investigation based on DCP-CBR correlations with respective cover requirements to a more sophisticated method using the DCP penetration data directly and omitting any need to use correlations with the CBR. This paper summarises the development of the method, and some of its advantages and compares the design structures with other recognised and widely implemented designs.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaManagement of Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change: GhanaCSIR;Paige-Green Consulting;St Helen's ConsultingHead,M.;Arnold, K.;Roux, A. Le;Roux, M.;Verhaeghe, B.;Engelbrecht, F.;Makhanya, S.;Paige-Green, P.2018AfCAP commissioned a project in April 2016 to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. The output will assist the development of a climate resilient road network that reaches fully into and between rural communities. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. This report is a Country Report on Ghana on the management of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change using the principles and recommendations set out in the AFCAP Climate Adaptation Handbook and the relevant associated guidelines.
pdfDevelopment of Pavement and Geometric Design Standards for Low Volume Roads (Rural and Urban) in MalawiFinal Manuals Review Workshop ReportInfra Africa PtyPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2019In connection with the ReCAP-supported project on the Development of Pavement and Geometric Design Standards for Low Volume Roads (Rural and Urban) in Malawi, a two-day Manuals Review Workshop was held on 21-22 March 2019. The objective of the workshop was to provide an opportunity for comments by the Technical Steering Committee (TSC) on the draft documentation submitted to them. There was wide-ranging feedback from the TSC members in terms of clarifications sought and comments and suggestions made on the 1st Draft Manuals. There were no issues of a significant nature that would change the substance of the current 1st Draft Manuals. The Final Draft Manuals will be revised on the basis of the comments made by the TSC at the workshop.
pdfDevelopment and Support to the Implementation of a Strategy for the Establishment of a Road Research Centre in South Sudan1st Stakeholder Workshop ReportCSIRMgangira, M.;Anochie-Boateng, J.2019The Development and Support to the Implementation of a Strategy for the Establishment of a Road Research Centre in South Sudan project is being implemented through the Ministry of Roads and Bridges (MRB), under the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) technical assistance programme. The project is aimed at building sustainable road research capacity in the country. The purpose of this report is to present a record of proceedings of the 1st Stakeholder Workshop held in Juba, South Sudan on 20 June 2019. The purpose of the workshop was to present feedback on the findings from the consultative meetings held between the project team and key stakeholders of the South Sudan road sector. In addition, the workshop sought to secure agreement on a number of requisite core aspects, including enhancing national awareness and ownership of the Road Research Centre establishment project.
pdfThe Expansion of Three-Wheeler Transport Services: the Case of Qingqis in PakistanIMC Worldwide;University of LahoreStarkey, P.;Batool, Z.;Younis, W.2019The growth of three-wheeler transport services has accelerated in the past two decades, following rapid increases in the production of affordable motorcycles and three-wheelers in Asian countries. In Pakistan, Qingqi is a generic term (proprietary eponym) for a motorcycle-based three-wheeler, used for urban or rural public transport services. On-going AsCAP research is examining technological, economic, social, environmental and safety aspects of Qingqi operations. Their advantages and disadvantages are being identified from the different perspectives of the regulators, owners, operators and the diverse users (disaggregated for gender, age, disabilities, trip-purpose, etc). The research is providing evidence-based understanding of the current role of Qingqis, in order to identify appropriate policies and strategies for Qingqis (or suggested alternative means of public transport) that will be acceptable to, and affordable by, the key stakeholders.
pdfEmbedment of Climatic Effects in the Road Asset Management ProcessCSIR;Paige-Green ConsultingRoux, M.;Verhaeghe, B.;Maritz, J.;Arnold, K.;Roux, A. le;Paige-Green, P.2019As part of an AfCAP Climate Adaptation study, a Climate Threat and Vulnerability Assessment Methodology has been developed that can be applied at a national level to facilitate the identification of regions/districts where the road infrastructure is most vulnerable to a changing climate in terms of the impact on rural accessibility. A second methodology for the assessment of climate risk and vulnerability of rural access roads at a local level has also been developed. Both the district level and local level assessments make use of climate threat data, road network data and socio-economic data. The outcomes from these assessments are a number of indices, both separate and combined, that can be used to rank roads and structures in terms of priority for maintenance or adaptation. Once roads and structures have been ranked in terms of priority for maintenance or adaptation and maintenance and adaptation activities can then be planned, designed and implemented to lead to a rural road network that is more resilient to the impacts of climate change. The assessment methods presented here should be embedded in road asset management systems, as these are the most appropriate vehicle to store the input data, perform the analysis and apply the outputs in the broader road asset management environment.
pdfClimate Change Adaptation in the African Roads Sector: Constraints, Opportunities and Policy ChallengesCSIRMaritz, J.;Arnold, K.;Roux, M.;Roux, A. Le;Verhaeghe, B.2019To enhance the capacity of roads authorities to reduce the current and future impacts of climate change on rural roads, a project was initiated by the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP), a research programme funded by UK Aid, to focus on climate adaptation in this sector. Through research and knowledge sharing, the objective was to compile pragmatic, cost-beneficial engineering and non-engineering procedures and guidance that could be used to direct roads sector institutions to address climate threats. A methodology for carrying out climate adaptation assessments for rural roads was developed and packaged into a handbook and series of linked guideline documents. The project further looked at addressing capacity enhancement in the AfCAP partner countries to ensure a strong focus on embedment and uptake.
pdfLandslide management on the Ugandan national road networkHearn Georeserve Ltd;UNRAHearn, G.;Lekea, A.;Mbabazi, E.;Ruse, M.;Oostenrijk, A. van2019Landslides are recurring natural phenomena that occur frequently in the Ugandan mountain areas of Rwenzori, Mufumbiro and Elgon. Maintaining the stability of the road reserve and its associated engineering assets is a priority for the Uganda National Road Authority, and this requires a focus not only on earthworks slopes but also the wider terrain in which the road is constructed. A web-based landslide data inventory has been set up within the Uganda National Road Authority to record landslide events and impacts and this will be combined with other GIS and remote sensing sources to develop a map of hazard-prone areas. The establishment of guidelines to maximise environmental and social benefits through optimum management of the road reserve, integrating engineering with community participation and agricultural extension would also be of benefit to future practice.
pdfA systems-based R&D management model for the road and transport engineering sector applied to a community access roads and transport research programmeRust, C.;Sampson, L.2019A conceptual non-linear, systems-based R&D management model for the road and transport sector was developed to address the associated complexities of transport and road research. It takes account of all the elements of the innovation value chain as well as stakeholders. It stimulates systems-thinking in the R&D management process and allows for a non-linear approach to the process with a number of process pathways, both ‘backward' (back casting) and ‘forward' thinking, thus facilitating eventual impact and uptake. It includes an impact assessment ‘sensor' that influences the process of R&D management. The model was used to augment key performance indicators in an existing transport and road research programme. It was shown that a systems-based approach can improve the impact assessment indicators of an R&D programme in a community access roads and transport research programme.
pdfScoping Study for Establishment of an Effective Pothole and Patch Repair Programme for the Rural Road Network of LGED in BangladeshInception ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Komba, J.;Roux, M.;Mvelase, G.2019The Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) in Bangladesh requested support from the Asia Community Access Partnership (AsCAP) to undertake a scoping study for the establishment of an effective pothole-and-patch-repair programme for the rural road network of LGED in Bangladesh. The scoping study will culminate in a scoping report detailing the options for a suitably revised methodology and recommendations for the adoption of a countrywide pothole-and-patch-repair programme. This Inception Report highlights key activities carried out during the project inception phase that took place between 11 June and 30 July 2019. It reports on the project kick-off meeting held on 11 June 2019 and the consultative meetings with senior LGED officials, as well as field visits during the in-country visit to Bangladesh between 29 June and 20 July 2019. The report also lays out the work programme, the project team and management, as well as the quality and risk management plans.
pdfDevelopment of a Design Manual for Low Volume Rural Roads in MyanmarProgress Report 2Gauff Ingenieure GmbH;MMICBerentsen, C.;Cook, J.2019The Development of a Design Manual for Low Volume Rural Roads in Myanmar is a project in two stages. Phase 1 was completed in 2018 and documented in April 2018 in a Final Report. Phase 2 covers the planning, structuring, developing and completing the design manual itself. This report is the second of three progress reports and covers the period from mid-May to mid-July 2019 and outlines the work done so far in developing the manual.
pdfProtocolo para Melhoraria da Proficiência dos Laboratórios de Ensaios de Materiais em MoçambiqueRelatório FinalCDSPearce, B.;Geddes, R.2019O Programa Piloto de ensaios de Proficiência (PTS) para Moçambique está a desenvolver uma linha de base para os limites de precisão para os ensaios comuns de materiais de construção para estradas. A linha de base tem sido usada para avaliar a capacidade dos laboratórios e identificar as limitações e as necessidades em treinamento específico e outras intervenções necessárias. O objectivo deste relatório é resumir o processo da implementação do programa de ensaio de proficiência, incluindo os resultados da terceira ronda do PTS, recomendações finais sobre a pertinência em relação a permanência do programa PTS em Moçambique.
pdfProtocols for Improving the Proficiency of Material Testing Laboratories in MozambiqueFinal ReportCDSPearce, B.;Geddes, R.2019The pilot Proficiency Testing Scheme (PTS) for Mozambique is developing a baseline for the precision limits for the common tests on road construction materials. The baseline has been used to assess laboratory capacity and identify where constraints lie and where specific training and other interventions may be required. The purpose of this report is to summarise the process for the implementation of the proficiency testing scheme including the results of the third round of the PTS, and final recommendations on a permanent PTS operation for Mozambique.
pdfMonitoring and Evaluation of Low Volume Road Trial Sections in KenyaMonitoring Report No. 3Across Africa Consultants LtdOnguko, G.;Waweru, B.2019The second monitoring round was conducted in October 2018 on four roads namely: D379, D382, D435 and E511.The activities carried out during this round were, traffic count survey, DCP, rut depth measurements, roughness measurements and Present Serviceability Rating. All the roads are performing well except D382 which has developed potholes big enough to prevent vehicles from using the right lane. This is evident in the roughness measurement result as well as high rut average of 18.8mm. The AADT for all the sections increased except for D435. The increase in AADT indicates that the trial sections are increasingly opening up rural areas to nearby urban centres for economic activities.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalProgress Report 5HelvetasBranney, P.;Pandey, G.2019This report describes the progress with project activities and milestones from 1st May to 31th July 2019. Activities completed during this period include: plant growth monitoring, manuring and weeding at pilot sites, refresher training for RUGs on financial management and record keeping, follow-up meetings with municipalities and Province #1 (not yet named) for RoW policy related issues. During the reporting period, the Mid-Term Review report was shared with concerned stakeholders and actions were started to implement the recommendations. Manual preparation continued by the project team in consultation with concerned stakeholders. Additional activities during this reporting period included capacity building training on advance farming technology for cash crops and value chain-based marketing for broom grass. Similarly, joint monitoring was carried out with the DoLI team at both planting sites and replacement planting (as required) was carried out.
pdfDevelopment and Support to the Implementation of a Strategy for the Establishment of a Road Research Centre in South SudanPreliminary Findings ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.;Anochie-Boateng, J.2019South Sudan is in the process of establishing a Road Research Centre (RRC). To achieve this, it is necessary to develop and establish a robust strategy for research that will support the development of the new RRC. AfCAP is providing technical assistance to the South Sudan Ministry of Roads and Bridges for the development and support to the implementation of a strategy for the establishment of the RRC. A situational assessment study is necessary in order to develop a strategic plan that is responsive to the country's needs. Information gathering has been conducted through documentation review and consultative meetings with key stakeholders in the road sector in South Sudan.The findings are preliminary, and provide the basis for developing the key objectives and strategy for the establishment of the RRC, to ensure sustainable research capacity in the road sector in South Sudan.
pdfDevelopment of Pavement and Geometric Design Standards for Low Volume Roads (Rural and Urban) In ZambiaFinal Inception Workshop ReportInfra Africa (Pty) LtdPinard, M.2018A 1-day Inception Workshop was held on Tuesday 26 June, 2018 at the Golden Zambezi Lodge, Lusaka, with the objectives of: (1) providing an overview of the preparatory stages of the project; (2) outlining the approach and methodology for carrying out the remainder of the project, (3) presenting the outcome of an initial literature review of relevant documents pertaining to the development of a Pavement Design Manual and a Geometric Design Manual for low volume roads, and (4) discussing the proposed Table of Contents for both manuals. The proposed Table of Contents for the manuals was discussed and generally agreed with the Technical Steering Committee (TSC), with the addition of chapters on Hydrology & Drainage Structures and Life-Cycle Costing.
pdfDevelopment of Pavement and Geometric Design Standards for Low Volume Roads (Rural and Urban) In Zambia1st Draft Manuals Review Workshop ReportInfra Africa (Pty) LtdPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2018A two-day Manuals Review Workshop was held on Wednesday 29th and Thursday 30th August, 2018 to present the 1st Draft Manuals to members of the Technical Steering Committee (TSC) that are overseeing the development of the Pavement and Geometric Design Manuals for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) in Zambia. The objective of the workshop was to present PowerPoint summaries of all chapters of the two manuals with a view to obtaining verbal comments at the workshop and, subsequently, written comments from the TSC. The workshop was attended by 8 members from the TSC who represent a number of public and private sector stakeholders' organisations, including academic institutions, in Zambia.
pdfPlanning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in BangladeshReport on Dynamic Illustration of GIS ApplicationDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning (DURP);Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology2018A web-based application tool, the Rural Road Planning and Prioritisation Model (RPPM), has been developed for Bangladesh. RPPM has some limitations in its mapping feature. The main purpose of this prototype illustration study is to customise RPPM to illustrate that the information in the road and GIS databases can be effectively used to show the spatial features and socio-economic facilities along a road. This study has produced a tool as part of RPPM for the prototype mapping illustration of selected roads with spatial socio-economic features.
pdfPlanning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in BangladeshReport of the Training of Trainers (ToT)Department of Urban and Regional Planning (DURP);Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology2018The Department of Urban and Regional Planning of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) in collaboration with LGED, has implemented a project to develop an appropriate planning and prioritisation model for the rural roads in Bangladesh. A two-day Training of the Trainers (ToT) programme on Rural Road Planning and Prioritisation Model (RPPM) was organised on January 20-21, 2018 as an output of the project. The programme was jointly organised by the Department of Urban and Regional Planning in association with the LGED. The purpose of ToT was to train LGED professionals as trainers to facilitate on-going uptake of the Rural Road Planning and Prioritisation Model (RPPM).
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Rural Road Asset ManagementCDS;UNRA;SLRA;RDAGeddes, R.;Mbabzi, E.;Amara, T.;Chilonda, P.2019The sustainable provision of road infrastructure in developing countries is essential for allowing the rural population to access markets, basic services and employment opportunities. However, with limited funds available and low management capacity in rural roads agencies, a large proportion of the rural road network in Africa remains in poor condition. ReCAP is supporting research aimed at fostering higher levels of accountability and introducing sound road asset management practices in rural road agencies. A key finding of the project is the need to build a conducive policy environment for rural road management, encourage involvement of stakeholders and widen the options for sustainable funding of road maintenance works.
pdfThe Role of Knowledge Management in Ensuring that the Outcomes of Rural Transport Research are Effectively Applied in PracticeReCAP PMU; ReCAP Technical PanelVisser, C.;Cook, J.2019It is accepted that rural road infrastructure and associated transport services are essential in providing the reliable, affordable and sustainable access to important services and markets for poor communities, hence under-pinning key UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Over the last three decades the UK Department For International Development (DFID), through UK aid, amongst other organisations, has supported significant advances in relevant applied research aimed at improving the effectiveness and sustainability of this infrastructure and transport services. However, important challenges remain as to the uptake and implementation of new research outcomes and the application of new knowledge in the rural transport sector. This paper outlines, with examples, the approach of the UK aid-funded Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) in overcoming the challenges inherent in the application of research through more effective knowledge management.
pdfA New Analytical Framework for Road Safety Decision-Making in Sierra LeoneFRED Engineering;University of Sierra Leone;ReCAP PMUTripodi, A.;Wurie, N.;Agyekum, P.2019Paper presented at the 26th PAIARC World Road Congress 2019. Road safety has been identified as a key aspect of rural access and mobility development in Sierra Leone. Having established a policy to reduce the burden of deaths and disabilities through road traffic crashes in the country, the Government of Sierra Leone was seeking to ensure that appropriate strategies are identified and applied to address road safety needs, based on analytical methods. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive road traffic crash database was developed to capture crash data and to provide a better understanding of the road safety needs so that appropriate interventions can be applied.
pdfKnowledge retention in the rural transport sectorKnowledge OverviewsTransaidTransaid2019The project Retaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector Experts is being implemented by Transaid in 2018, with the objective of mapping, documenting and storing the knowledge of senior rural transport experts, packaging this knowledge into electronic formats appropriate for dissemination to a wider audience. This file contains an overview of knowledge, literature and knowledge gaps on the themes of the ReCAP research strategy, i.e. access provision, access preservation, access services and cross-cutting themes.
pdfKnowledge retention in the rural transport sectorKnowledge MappingTransaidTransaid2019The project Retaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector Experts is being implemented by Transaid in 2018, with the objective of mapping, documenting and storing the knowledge of senior rural transport experts, packaging this knowledge into electronic formats appropriate for dissemination to a wider audience. This document contains a knowledge map, positioning the participating senior experts according to their specific fields of expertise along the themes of the ReCAP research strategies (access provision, access preservation, access services and cross-cutting themes).
pdfKnowledge retention in the rural transport sectorExpert ProfilesTransaidTransaid2019The project Retaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector Experts is being implemented by Transaid in 2018, with the objective of mapping, documenting and storing the knowledge of senior rural transport experts, packaging this knowledge into electronic formats appropriate for dissemination to a wider audience. This document contains the profiles of the senior experts that have collaborated in this project.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaClimate Adaptation HandbookCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingHead, M.;Verhaeghe, B.;Paige-Green, P.;Roux, A. le;Makhanya, S.;Arnold, K.2019AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. This Handbook covers part of item (a) and contributes towards (b) and (c) above.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaClimate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment GuidelinesCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingLe Roux, A.;Makhanya, S.;Arnold, K.;Roux, M.2019AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study addresses the issues of appropriate and economical methodologies for vulnerability and risk assessments; prioritisation of adaptation interventions; and optimisation of asset resilience in the context of rural access low-volume roads. In addition, evidence of cost and economic and social benefit links to rural communities arising from more resilient rural access will be provided to support wider policy adoption across Africa. In this guideline, users are guided through the process of conducting a climate threat and vulnerability study at national/ regional and project level by applying the developed semi-quantitative AfCAP risk and vulnerability assessment framework. This framework is used to highlight high-risk areas in terms of climate impacts on low-volume access roads. The results of such an application are meant to guide and support decision making and prioritisation when adapting existing and new road infrastructure to the impacts of climate change.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaChange Management GuidelinesCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingHead, M.;Verhaeghe B.;Maritz, J2019AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. An independent Climate Adaptation Handbook has been developed that particularly addresses part (a) of this study focus in detail as well as paying attention to aspects relating to parts (b), (c) and (d). The Guideline presented in this document acts as a supporting document to the Handbook and is specifically aimed at providing change management guidelines relating to non-engineering adaptation options.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaEngineering Adaptation GuidelinesCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingPaige-Green, P.; Verhaeghe, B.;Head, M.2019AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. In this Guideline, engineering adaptation options related to the various climatic stressors are presented. The crucial importance of effective drainage and timely and appropriate maintenance is highlighted. Adaptation techniques for handling the expected changes in temperature and precipitation, windiness, sea level rise and more frequent extreme events are identified and discussed. These are specifically related to unpaved roads, paved roads, sub-grade materials, earthworks and drainage within and outside the road reserve as well as possible implications for construction activities. The impacts on maintenance practices are also highlighted and guidance given.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaVisual Assessment ManualCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingPaige-Green, P.; Verhaeghe, B.;Roux, M.2019AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. This manual describes the nature and collection of the type of data that constitute inputs for climate resilience assessments and the implementation of appropriate adaptation techniques, which is normally not part of the routine data collection for asset management purposes. This includes issues such as erosion, problem soils, drainage from the road and its near environment as well as from outside the road reserve, instability of embankments and cuttings, construction issues and maintenance problems. For expedience and to minimise costs, this should be done during the routine visual condition assessments, by the assessment teams or others trained specifically for the purpose. Based on the typical problems expected, the assessments are probably best done by those with a geotechnical, engineering geological or geomorphological background. A standard form for recording the data is provided.
pdfOverview ReCAP activities at PIARC WRCReCAP PMUVisser, C.2019This document provides an overview of ReCAP related activities at the 26th PIARC World Road Congress, 6-10 October 2019, Abu Dhabi.
pdfConsolidation, Revision and Pilot Application of the Rural Access Index (RAI)Progress Report 2TRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.2019The overall aim of this project is to develop a harmonised approach to data collection and measurement of the Rural Access Index (RAI) that is relevant, consistent and sustainable. The current phase, Task Group 2 (TG2), will consolidate existing and proposed approaches to data collection and revise the RAI methodology in collaboration with the World Bank and other stakeholders. This progress report covers activities undertaken from March to June 2019. All pilot countries have been visited; Ghana, Malawi, Myanmar and Nepal; and draft supplemental guidelines have been developed to enhance the current RAI methodology. This has been presented to stakeholders and feedback is being incorporated with a view to producing the final document. Options for hosting and publishing the RAI data are also being explored.
pdfGuidelines for Mainstreaming Gender in Rural TransportTanzarn, N.2019These Guidelines are based on findings of a UK aid funded Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) cluster of gender mainstreaming projects as well as the author's experience. The ReCAP initiative comprised of seven projects that were implemented in AfCAP (Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, and Uganda) and AsCAP (Nepal) partner countries. The overall objective of the Guidelines is to provide a step-by-step guidance, as appropriate, on how to mainstream gender in the following areas: transport policy & planning, sector institutions, the infrastructure improvement cycle and the provision of transport services. The Guidelines will be beneficial to transport ministries, roads authorities, road funds, local government works departments, traffic and road safety agencies, and transport regulators and operators.
pdfTraining of Rural Motorcycle and Three-Wheeler Taxi Riders in Sub-Saharan AfricaTechnical BriefAmend; Transaid; TRL Ltd.Amend;Transaid;TRL Ltd.2019The Technical Brief summaries the research carried out in the framework of the AfCAP project on Safe Motorcycle and Three-wheeler Taxi use in Sub-Saharan Africa. It focuses in particular on a review of motorcycle and three-wheeler taxi training. This review included online desk research, drawing on existing knowledge, and stakeholder interviews (including regulators, traffic police, training providers and associations) in each of the four project countries. The key findings are presented as well as the policy implications of the research. The research has led to the development of manuals to improve motorcycle taxi operations and training.
pdfOpportunities to maximise the benefits of motorcycle and three-wheeler taxis in rural AfricaPolicy BriefAmend; Transaid; TRL Ltd.Amend;Transaid;TRL Ltd.2019This policy brief has been developed based on a 2018 study of motorcycle and three-wheeler taxis in rural areas of Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. The aim of the study was to improve knowledge and understanding concerning effective ways of enabling rural people to benefit from the safe use of motorcycles and three-wheelers. The objective was to enable the safe operation of these vehicles to provide good, affordable and inclusive access for rural communities. The policy brief provides key policy implications coming from the research for transport and safety policy makers.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Trial Sections in Mozambique incorporating Capacity Building of Road Research Centre PersonnelSite Visit Report: 13th to 17th November 2017CDSGeddes, R.;Vilinga, A.2017AfCAP is assisting the Mozambique National Roads Administration (ANE) to evaluate existing road experimental sections constructed previously in Mozambique under several programmes, including with AfCAP support. The fourth site visit of the advisory team, covered in this report, took place in Zambézia Province from 13th to 17th November 2017. The objective of the visit was to assist the RRC to establish a monitoring section in Zambézia. The visit included a half-day workshop at the ANE premises in Quelimane followed by a three-day field trip.
pdfDevelopment of a Design Manual for Low Volume Rural Roads in MyanmarProgress Report 1Gauff Ingenieure GmbH;MMICBerentsen, C.;Cook, J.2019The Development of a Design Manual for Low Volume Rural Roads in Myanmar is a project in two stages. This current phase, Phase 2, is defined as the development of Low Volume Rural Roads Design Manual for Myanmar. This report is the first of three Progress Reports and outlines the work done so far (representing the period January 2019 to May 2019) in developing the manual. It lays out the programme and highlights key issues as regards to the content and structure of the Myanmar manual. Key dates and potential risks and their mitigation are presented along with a database of important references.
pdfProtocols for Improving the Proficiency of Material Testing Laboratories in MozambiqueCapacity Building and Skills Development ReportCDSPearce, B.2018The purpose of this report is to set out a capacity building and skills development strategy for materials testing laboratories in Mozambique. It follows a two week visit by the CDS Materials Expert in November 2017 to the LEM and ANE laboratory facilities that participated in the first round of the PTS. The visiting team found the staff in the facilities to be of an average competency level. Improvements are needed in the consistency in following the test procedures. In all laboratories the existing equipment is inadequate. The priority for Mozambique in building laboratory capacity is to agree on the adoption of an internationally recognised test method series. The laboratories will need to be properly equipped to carry out these methods and routine calibration of equipment carried out. Training is then required for all laboratory technicians on how to carry out the methods. The goal of each laboratory facility should be the attainment of accreditation under ISO 17025 – “General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories”.
pdfEstablishment of Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport LeadershipInception ReportMott MacDonald;University of Cape Town;University of BirminghamKelly, K.;Nnene, O.;Hughes, D.;Jones, S.;Zuidgeest, M.2019Mott MacDonald, University of Cape Town and University of Birmingham commenced the establishment of a Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport Leadership (CSSTL) in February 2019. This Inception Report identifies updates to the methodology and information collated since the Kick-Off Meeting on 5th February 2019. The main task completed in this period is the initial shortlisting of two strong candidates as potential hosts for the CSSTL. The Project Team generated a list of eight institutions which were sent a request for a Capability Statement, with questions to assist with converting the long-list to a shortlist of maximum three institutions for visits in April 2019. Following assessment of all the Capability Statements, a shortlist of two universities namely the University of Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) and KNUST (Ghana) was proposed.
pdfCapacity Building and Mentorship for the Establishment and Implementation of Monitoring & Evaluation Programmes on Experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Sections in Six African Countries and MyanmarField Visit Report No. 3CDS;IMC WorldwideGeddes, R.;Pinard, M.;Dangare, F.2019 The Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) is providing support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to collect performance-based data from existing trial/demonstration road sections. The data will provide evidence for the establishment of appropriate specifications for Low Volume Roads. Monitoring is being carried out in accordance with existing guidelines for the establishment and monitoring of experimental and LTPP sections, which will be updated under the project. The advisory team visited Uganda, Kenya and Malawi in April 2019. Delegations from the DR Congo and South Sudan participated in the Uganda visit. The purpose of the visits was to provide training and capacity building support to the local consulting firms engaged by ReCAP to collect data in the monitoring sites, and to the road research centres who have overall responsibility for the implementation of the research projects.
pdfReCAP Benefit Assessment SystemSystems Development ReportBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Fekpe, E.;Amuzu, M.;Ackaah, W.2019This report presents the indicators for assessing the benefits of research investments, a detailed description of the Benefit Assessment System (BAS) and the Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) framework using the indicators. BAS uses a systems approach where ReCAP-BAS is considered to comprise a number of interdependent and interacting subsystems of an organised whole system. Six subsystems are identified and performance indicators are categorised according to these sub-systems. A scoring system is used for the indicators, and their surrogates for each subsystem are scored according to the relative importance in defining the subsystem.
pdfRetaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector ExpertsFinal ReportTransaidClarke, S.;Silva, A.;Bearman, F.2019 The project Retaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector Experts is being implemented by Transaid in 2018, with the objective of mapping, documenting and storing the knowledge of senior rural transport experts, packaging this knowledge into electronic formats appropriate for dissemination to a wider audience. This assignment has produced a series of short films based on core themes, and features interview footage with the selected rural transport experts. In addition, expert profiles for each of the targeted experts have been developed as well as a knowledge mapping pack. This report documents the approach applied in carrying out this assignment, it points to key next steps in terms of the dissemination of the outputs, and it makes recommendations that would expand the scope of this assignment to broaden future involvement.
pdfA framework for assessing the risks and impacts of rural access roads to a changing climateCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;University of Witwatersrand;Tshwane University of TechnologyRoux, A. le;Makhanya, S.;Arnold, K.;Engelbrech, F.;Paige-Green, P.;Verhaeghe, B.2019African communities are worst affected by climate-related natural disasters, in part due to high socio-economic vulnerability, natural resource dependency and low adaptive capacity. Climate resilient road infrastructure in rural areas is critical for improving quality of live. For this reason, a geospatial risk and vulnerability assessment method was developed as a tool for determining where access roads, and the communities they serve, are most at risk to the effects of a changing climate. This is intended to help guide, through prioritisation, the identification of high-risk areas where appropriate climate adaptation measures would be most effective in reducing the impacts of climate variability and change. The research methodology relies on using GIS processes and spatial data to calculate a composite climate risk index, the combined output of a hazard exposure index as well as a road criticality index. The analysis methodology was applied to Mozambique and was found to be an efficient and effective way of identifying high-risk regions in terms of community access and the physical impact of climate on road infrastructure.
pdfManual for the Provision of Low Volume RoadsTRL Ltd.2016This Low Volume Roads Manual is one of the series of Road and Bridge Design documents, and is expected to be used by the road engineers from the Road Authority, Academia, Consultants, Contractors and also District and Municipalities road engineers in Mozambique. It applies specifically to the design of new, or upgrading of existing unpaved, roads which carry relatively low volumes of traffic, typically less than about 300 vehicles per day. The Manual was developed with the contribution of the road engineers from National Roads Administration, Road Fund, Local Government Authorities and the local consulting industry and with the support of AfCAP.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transportFinal ReportAmend; Transaid; TRL Ltd.Bishop, T.;Barber, C.;Adu, J.;Afukaar, F.;Muhia, G.;Mwaipopo, H.;Kiracho, E.;Rettie, N.;Krasnolucka-Hickman, A.;Divall, D.;Porter, G.2019This Final Report presents the findings of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. The project was carried out in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda between September 2017 and January 2019. The study has revealed that motorcycle taxis are very important for rural travel, and are very popular among rural communities. They are especially important for health-related trips and also provide economic benefits, creating business opportunities, providing employment and supporting agriculture. The results of the study can be used by governments and other key stakeholders to better understand the issues related to motorcycle taxis in rural areas and to develop policy and practice to maximise their benefits and minimise their disbenefits.
pdfProtocols for Improving the Proficiency of Material Testing Laboratories in MozambiqueProficiency ReportCDSPearce, B.;Geddes, R.2018The pilot Proficiency Testing Scheme (PTS) for Mozambique is developing a baseline for the precision limits for the common tests on road construction materials. The purpose of this report is to set out the results of the second round of the PTS, which are compared against the results of the first round of the PTS and observations are made on the proficiency of the participating laboratories. Nine laboratories participated in the second round, including two laboratories in South Africa. Overall there is a marginal improvement in the results between rounds 1 and 2 but the range of results received from the participating laboratories for most of the tests is large. This should be of significant concern to the authorities in Mozambique. The results for the soil constants are the most variable along with the grading results for all materials. The most consistent improvements were observed in the aggregate tests for shape and strength as well as the CBR, MDD & OMC determinations.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisCapacity Building and Training Workshop ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.; Buckland, T.2018This report covers the training workshops on the use of the database tool developed under the project on the Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSRs) through Back Analysis. The project is being carried out in 3 phases; the workshops are a part of Phase 2. The aim of the training activities was to train selected participants from the participating AfCAP countries in the use of the database. The training was designed to ensure that the participants attain the ‘Data Administrator' level.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transportFinal Country Report: UgandaAmend; Transaid; TRL Ltd.Bishop, T.;Barber, C.;Kiracho, E.;Rettie, N.;Krasnolucka-Hickman, A.;Divall, D.;Porter, G.2019This Uganda Country Report presents the Uganda-specific findings of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. This project was carried out in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda between September 2017 and January 2019. The study has revealed that motorcycle taxis are very important for rural travel, and are very popular among rural communities. As well as the many benefits that motorcycle taxis provide, riders and passengers also suffer from crashes, crime, abuse and health issues, and they create safety risks for other road users. The results of the study can be used by the Ugandan government and others to better understand the issues related to motorcycle taxis in rural areas and to develop policy and practice to maximise their benefits and minimise the disbenefits.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transportFinal Country Report: TanzaniaAmend; Transaid; TRL Ltd.Bishop, T.;Barber, C.;Mwaipopo, H.;Rettie, N.;Krasnolucka-Hickman, A.;Divall, D.;Porter, G.2019This Tanzania Country Report presents the Tanzania-specific findings of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. This project was carried out in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda between September 2017 and January 2019. The study has revealed that motorcycle taxis are very important for rural travel, and are very popular among rural communities. As well as the many benefits that motorcycle taxis provide, riders and passengers also suffer from crashes, crime, abuse and health issues, and they create safety risks for other road users. The results of the study can be used by the Tanzanian government and others to better understand the issues related to motorcycle taxis in rural areas and to develop policy and practice to maximise their benefits and minimise the disbenefits.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transportFinal Country Report: KenyaAmend; Transaid; TRL Ltd.Bishop, T.;Barber, C.;Muhia, G.;Rettie, N.;Krasnolucka-Hickman, A.;Divall, D.;Porter, G.2019This Kenya Country Report presents the Kenya-specific findings of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. This project was carried out in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda between September 2017 and January 2019. The study has revealed that motorcycle taxis are very important for rural travel, and are very popular among rural communities. While the study has revealed that in comparison to the other three countries, Kenya appears to be leading in the management of the motorcycle taxi sector, there are many areas in which improvements are needed. The results of the study can be used by the Kenyan government and others to better understand the issues related to motorcycle taxis in rural areas and to develop policy and practice to maximise their benefits and minimise the disbenefits.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transportFinal Country Report: GhanaAmend; Transaid; TRL Ltd.Bishop, T.;Barber, C.;Adu, J.;Krasnolucka-Hickman, A.;Afukaar, F.;Divall, D.;Porter, G.2019This Ghana Country Report presents the Ghana-specific findings of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. This project was carried out in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda between September 2017 and January 2019. The study has revealed that, despite the use of motorcycles and three-wheelers as taxis being illegal, they are very important for rural travel, and are popular among rural communities. The results of the study can be used by the Ghanaian government and others to better understand the issues related to motorcycle taxis in rural areas and to develop policy and practice to maximise their benefits and minimise the disbenefits.
pdfCapacity Building for the Rural Road Research Centre in MyanmarInterim ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.;Ventura, D.2019Following the completion of the Research and Development Unit (RDU) Business Plan for Myanmar (ReCAP RAS2117A), it was agreed by the Department of Rural Road Development (DRRD) that a Rural Road Research and Development Unit (RDU) would be established, which would focus on research into rural road infrastructure and transport services in Myanmar. To support the establishment of the RDU, AsCAP initiated a project to build capacity among the staff at the newly established RDU facility of the DRRD. This Interim Report presents the challenges encountered since the Inception Phase, the training programme organised for the RDU Director and RDU Researcher in South Africa, assistance provided with the drafting of an Extended Abstract for the Transportation Research Board's Low-Volume Roads conference, and a revised work plan for future activities to be conducted in Myanmar.
pdfDevelopment and Support to the Implementation of a Strategy for the Establishment of a Road Research Centre in South SudanInception ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.2019South Sudan as a member state of the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP), has through the Ministry of Roads and Bridges (MRB), requested for technical support for the development and support to the implementation of a Strategy for the establishment of Road Research Centre in the country. The Technical Assistance is aimed at building sustainable road research capacity in the country. This Inception Report highlights key activities carried out during the project inception phase, between 16 and 24 February 2019. It reports on the project kick-off meeting held on 20 February 2019 and a consultative meeting at the Ministry of Roads and Bridges Headquarters in Juba, as well as meeting with the Executive Director of the Roads Authority and a visit to the Central Materials Laboratory. The report also provides details of the agreed final work programme for the implementation of the project.
pdfConsolidation, Revision and Pilot Application of the Rural Access Index (RAI)Progress Report 1TRL Ltd.Workman, R.;McPherson, K.;Starkey, P.;Morosiuk, G.2019The overall aim of this project is to develop a harmonised approach to data collection and measurement of the Rural Access Index (RAI) that is relevant, consistent and sustainable. The current phase, Task Group 2 (TG2), will consolidate existing and proposed approaches to data collection and revise the RAI methodology in collaboration with the World Bank and other stakeholders. Since the Inception period a number of activities have been undertaken and good progress has been made towards the project goal. The activities are summarised in this progress report, covering the time from October 2018 to February 2019.
pdfDevelopment of a Design Manual for Low Volume Rural Roads in MyanmarInception ReportGauff Ingenieure GmbH;MMICBerentsen, C.;Cook, J.2019The Development of a Design Manual for Low Volume Rural Roads in Myanmar is a project in two stages. Phase 1 was completed in 2018 and documented in April 2018 in a Final Report. This current phase, Phase 2, is defined as the development of Low Volume Rural Roads Design Manual for Myanmar. This Inception Report outlines the work done so far in developing the manual. It lays out the programme and highlights key issues as regards the content and structure of the Myanmar manual. Key dates and potential risks and their mitigation are presented along with a database of important references.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport in DRCInception ReportAmend; Transaid; TRLWeijde, K van der;Bishop, T.;Barber, C.;2019This Inception Report details progress during the first four weeks of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks in DRC'. The main purpose of Phase 1 (Inception) is to build an understanding of the existing situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and to use this understanding to develop the detailed research strategy and methodology. The understanding of the existing situation is being developed through stakeholder mapping, stakeholder engagement and a literature review.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport in DRCLiterature ReviewAmend; Transaid; TRLWeijde, K van der;Bishop, T.;Barber, C.;2019This Literature Review was carried out during the Inception Phase of the research project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport in DRC'. The purpose of the review was to identify trends in commercial motorcycle and motorised three-wheeler use, regulation and legislation, ongoing development, influences related to transport infrastructure in DRC, and any gaps in the literature. This literature review draws on existing academic and grey literature, although the available literature relating to motorcycle and motorised three-wheeler taxis in DRC is extremely limited and has an urban bias. Nevertheless, it maps the growth in use of motorcycles and motorised three-wheelers in DRC and examines the benefits and disbenefits of their use as a means of public transport. It describes the implications of the existing lack of regulatory frameworks covering motorcycles and three-wheelers, as well as gender, mobility and road safety issues. The review concludes that there are significant gaps in research on this subject in a rural context.
pdfPilot study to collect more robust accident data for Sierra Leone1st Workshop ReportCentre for Transport and Logistics (CTL) Sapienza University;FRED EngineeringTripodi, A.;Wurie, N.2018This report provides an overview of the stakeholder workshop held in Freetown on the 6th of June 2018 (hosted by Sierra Leone Road Safety Authority) to present and get approval about a framework for road traffic crash data collection and management. The framework is proposed by the consultant based on the current practices used in Sierra Leone for data collection and on the best international practices. Its aim is to be gradually extended to the whole country so that a standardised process of road traffic crash data collection and management can be established. The workshop allowed to get the Sierra Leone stakeholders involved in its development and to approve it for future use within the project.
pdfPilot study to collect more robust accident data for Sierra LeoneFinal ReportCentre for Transport and Logistics (CTL) Sapienza University;FRED EngineeringTripodi, A.;Wurie, N.;Robibaro, M.2018This final report provides a detailed overview of the activities performed during the pilot study to collect more robust accident data in Sierra Leone. It especially summarises the initial activities related to assessment of the current road safety situation in the country and stakeholder consultations to identify the main needs for a standardised road traffic crash data collection framework. After definition of a proposed framework and its validation by Sierra Leone stakeholders, a pilot road traffic crash data collection has been performed. The report also describes the proposed road traffic crash data analysis framework and the accident data management system tailored to Sierra Leone characteristics, as well as the training activities performed.
pdfInvestigation into the use of Qingqis as a mode of public transport in Punjab ProvinceInception ReportIMC WorldwideStarkey P.; Batool, Z.;Waqas Younis, M.2019ReCAP has contracted IMC Worldwide to undertake research on the use of motorised three-wheelers (‘Qingqis') for rural transport services in the Punjab. This Inception Report reviews some of the issues and presents the team's approach to the research and its plans for implementation. The research will involve consultations with users, operators, regulators, manufacturers and other stakeholders to define the key issues from the various perspectives. Through traffic counts and quantitative data collection, evidence will be gathered on the benefits and disbenefits of Qingqis and alternative means of transport in three districts. Based on stakeholder views, research evidence, international experiences, a stakeholder workshop and a cost-benefit analysis, recommendations will be made for the future of Qingqis, considering socio-economic, technological and regulatory issues and alternative options.
pdfReview of the Road Design and Pavement Standards Manual in BangladeshProgress ReportRolt, J.2019The Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) and the Bureau of Research and Testing (BRTC) were commissioned to update the existing road design manual used by the Bangladesh Local Government Engineering Department (LGED). A Review of the draft was completed in March 2018 and missing topics and topics that had not been dealt with satisfactorily were identified. This project is concerned with updating and improving the manual and began on 1st December 2018. A first visit was made to Bangladesh between 14th and 19th December to meet the staff of the LGED, to discuss the required work in more detail and to make a site visit for familiarisation and to observe at first hand some of the problems with the rural road network. Copies of current LGED manuals were obtained and a timetable for carrying out the work was proposed. The report describes the work done so far including an update on the status of the original review work, and the recommended methodology, strategy and work plan for the remaining activities.
pdfDevelopment of Pavement and Geometric Design Standards for Low Volume Roads (Rural and Urban) In MalawiFinal Inception Phase Workshop ReportInfra Africa (Pty) LtdPinard, M.;Hongve, J.2019In connection with the ReCAP-supported project on the Development of Pavement and Geometric Design Standards for Low Volume Roads (Rural and Urban) in Malawi, a 1-day Inception Workshop was held on Friday 30th November, 2018. The objectives of the workshop were to: (1) provide an overview of the preparatory stages of the project; (2) outline the approach and methodology adopted for carrying out the project, (3) present the outcome of an initial literature review of relevant documents pertaining to the development of the manuals, and (4) discuss the proposed Table of Contents for the manuals.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisPhase 3 Inception ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Mukura, K.;Musenero, L.;Leal, D.2019Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) through Back Analysis is a project being carried out in three phases. Phase 1 and Phase 2 were completed whereas Phase 3 started in December 2018 and is scheduled for completion in June 2019. Phase 3 will involve field and laboratory investigations to fill the critical knowledge gaps that were identified in Phase 2; data analysis, corroboration or revision of existing specifications in guidelines and catalogues for pavement design for LVSRs; further population of the database; capacity building of participating road agencies counterpart staff who will be involved in the project activities; dissemination of findings; and production of a scientific paper. This report describes the activities undertaken during the inception stage of Phase 3 including the pre-visit desk studies, the outcomes of the reconnaissance visits and recommends the way forward for the subsequent stages of Phase 3.
pdfDesign Support and Site Supervision for Construction of a 4.2 km Trial Section on D484 Kianjai-Miathene-Mikinduri in Meru county, KenyaMonthly Progress Report No. 4Norken International LtdNorken International Ltd2019In Kenya, AfCAP is undertaking research on cost effective methods of improving rural roads using locally available materials, based on Kenyan standards particularly the Low Volume Sealed Road (LVSR) pavement design guidelines. Towards this end a 4.2 km length along Road D484 Miathene – Mikinduri was identified for construction of a trial section as part of the research process. M/s Norken International Ltd. was awarded the contract for the design and construction supervision services of the research/ trial section with the services commencing on 31stOctober 2016. The design component was completed in January 2017 and construction supervision is ongoing. This progress report covers the status of the project for the period ending 31st October 2018.
pdfTraining-of-Trainers programme for participants from Ghana, Sierra Leone and Liberia in the DCP-DN Pavement Design MethodFinal Construction ReportHongve, J.; Mukandila, E.; Pinard, M.;Paige-Green, P.2018A pavement design trial section for a low volume sealed road was designed using the DCP-DN design method and constructed on the Akyem Kukurantumi – Asafo road in the Eastern Region of Ghana. A Control Section was designed according to the current practice on feeder roads with a 150 mm sub-base and a 150 mm base. As of December 2018, the sections have been completed up to the 14 mm Primer Seal which will be complemented with a second 10 mm seal in January 2019. Despite problems during the construction period and, in the consultants' view, shortcomings in the project management and workmanship standards, the consultants feel reasonably assured that the sections will provide a good basis for the research objective to compare the pavement performance of the two sections through a long-term monitoring programme.
pdfTraining-of-Trainers Programme for Ghana, Sierra Leone and Liberia in the DCP-DN Pavement Design MethodFinal Report Phase 1 & 2Hongve, J.; Mukandila, E.; Pinard, M.;Paige-Green, P.2018A Training-of-trainers programme for 5 engineers from Ghana, 2 from Sierra Leone and 2 from Liberia on the use of the DCP-DN design method for Low Volume Sealed Roads, including the design and construction of a Trial- and Control Section, has been successfully completed. Long-term performance monitoring of the sections is planned to commence in February 2019 following the AfCAP Regional protocol and the recently updated Rater's Guideline to provide the basis for comparison of pavement performance between the DCP-DN designed Trial Section and the Control Section designed in accordance with the current practice for feeder roads in Ghana. Based on the tendered rates, construction costs for the DCP-DN designed pavement is estimated to be in the order of USD 5,500.00 /km less than the Control Section. This cost difference will increase with longer haulage distance for the pavement materials than was the case for this project.
pdfInteractions between improved rural access infrastructure and transport services provision (IMPARTS)Phase 1 Scoping ReportTRL Ltd.Starkey, P.;Hine, J.;Workman, R.; Otto, A.2019This report discusses key planning factors for infrastructure provision, preservation and transport services. Issues of old, overloaded vehicles and motorcycle taxis are discussed. Evidence shows many beneficial transport effects of road investments. Examples are discussed of unexplained changes in traffic and mobility patterns. A stakeholder workshop in Arusha, attended by 39 participants from 12 ReCAP countries, endorsed more integrated approaches. Roads authorities should seek to understand Rural Transport Services (RTS) issues and use RTS-related outcome indicators in planning. Phase 2/3 research activities are proposed, with detailed surveys on roads with good ‘before-intervention' datasets. For efficiency, Phase 3 RTS consultations will start immediately. An important Phase 2/3 output will be guidelines on developing integrated provision-preservation-services continuum approaches, including necessary RTS datasets and strategies for improving RTS.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalProgress Report 3HelvetasBranney, P.;Pandey, G.2019This report covers the progress with project activities and milestones from 1st November 2018 to 31st January 2019. Activities completed during this period include: plantation maintenance (such as manuring, watering); plant growth monitoring; backstopping of Road Users Groups (RUGs) and exposure visits to other plantation sites/nurseries. Other activities carried out included visits to agricultural markets; observation of value-addition & marketing of agro-products; meetings with concerned stakeholders such as municipalities and government authorities and joint monitoring at the project sites together with Municipalities and officials from Province 1 Ministry of Physical Infrastructure Development.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalProgress Report 1HelvetasPandey, G.;Adhikari, R.;Gurung, H.;Shrestha, B.;Branney, P.2018This report describes progress with project activities and milestones from project inception on 01/07/2017 to 31/07/2018 – shortly after the plantations were established at the pilot sites. Activities completed during this period include the preparation of a revised project proposal and activities leading up to plantation establishment. Other activities completed during this period include the development of plantation establishment related training materials, delivery of training for RUGs on plantation establishment, plant management, site preparation, collection and quality control of planting material and also on financial literacy.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalFirst Workshop ReportHelvetasPandey, G.;Branney, P.2018This report describes the proceedings of the first Workshop Report for the project held in Hile, Dhankuta District between 27-28th September 2018. The report summarises the workshop presentations and the results of discussions that took place during the plenary sessions and working group sessions. The aim of the workshop was to share information and knowledge with a wide range of participants from government (Federal, Provincial and Local Level) and from the adjacent communities at the pilot road side sites, about Rights of Way, the project more generally and about progress, baseline survey and plantation made to date.
pdfReCAP Benefit Assessment SystemInception ReportBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Fekpe, E.2019ReCAP has assigned a 15-month project to BRRI to develop a framework to better understand and assess the benefits of research investment. The assessment of the benefits requires identification of appropriate indicators and the quantification and qualification of the benefits. This inception report presents activities following mobilisation of the project team, including an overview of the strategy and a summary of the technical approach.
pdfRural Road Planning and Prioritisation Model (RPPM)Report of the Project Launch MeetingDepartment for Urban and Regional Planning (DURP), Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning (DURP), Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology2018The Rural Road Planning and Prioritisation Model (RPPM) is a web-based application for planning and prioritisation of rural roads maintained by the Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) of the Bangladesh government. It runs from the GIS web portal of LGED. A project launch meeting was organised on 28 January 2018 to demonstrate the features of the RPPM and share its outputs for the pilot district Tangail with the participants.
pdfGround Improvement for Khulna Soft Clay SoilTechnical NoteMott MacDonaldDuncan, I.2018This Technical Note presents the interpretation of the various data sources that validate the presence of consolidation associated with the placement of embankment fill onto the underlying Alluvium. The Note is an addition to the final report on the Ground Improvement for Khulna Soft Clay Soil (BAN2083A).
pdfManuals for Safe Motorcycle Taxi OperationsAmend;TransaidBishop, T.;Rettie, N.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session D, on the Africa regional project that looked into enhancing the understanding of safe motorcycle and three-wheeler taxi use for rural transport. The findings of the research project are presented. The project delivered a set of manuals that are summarised in the presentation; one for motorcycle taxi associations and an instructor manual for training motorcycle taxi riders.
pdfAccident data collection in Sierra LeoneSierra Leone Roads AuthorityAmara, T.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session D, on a project in Sierra Leone to improve the recording, storage and analysis of road traffic crash data. The presentation highlighted the tools and databases put in place to collect and store good quality accident data.
pdfLiberia Rural Mobility and Socio-Economic Baseline StudyUniversity of BirminghamBopoto, C.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session D, summarising the AfCAP project in Liberia aiming to establish a simple and sustainable system for measuring the impact of feeder road improvement projects, including setting up an online database and training of relevant staff.
pdfIllustrative Guidelines for Mainstreaming Gender in Rural TransportReCAP Technical PanelTanzarn, N.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session C, highlighting the work done on drafting and consolidating guidelines for gender mainstreaming in rural transport. The guidelines address gender mainstreaming in transport policy and planning, institutions that deliver rural transport and infrastructure, the infrastructure improvement cycle and provision of transport services.
pdfInteractions: maintenance - provision of access for rural transport services (IMPARTS)TRL Ltd.Starkey, P.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session C, summarising the set up and progress on the IMPARTS project that looks at the interaction between the investments to improve road condition and maintenance and the provision of rural transport services. The project aims to come up with guidelines as to how to integrated transport services issues into rural road planning. The team completed a scoping study (Phase 1) and is now preparing for Phase 2 and 3.
pdfFirst Mile Cost Benefit Analysis and RecommendationsTRL Ltd.;International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Hine, J.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session C, summarising the results of the AfCAP regional project on First Mile access for smallholder farmers. The project looked at the constraints, quantified the effects and identified and prioritised measures to improve first mile infrastructure and services.
pdfRoad Construction Materials Proficiency Testing Scheme (PST) in MozambiqueANETayob, H.;Cumbane, C.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Plenary Workshop 2, about the proficiency testing scheme (PST) project carried out in Mozambique to improve laboratory testing of road materials.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring Programme: Progress and ChallengesCDSGeddes, R.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Plenary Workshop 2, summarising the ReCAP project on LTPP monitoring programme that runs in eight AfCAP countries and one AsCAP country (Myanmar). The tools that are developed were presented as well as capacity building activities.
pdfBack Analysis Project - Findings and Recommendations for Phase 2/Phase 3 InceptionTRL Ltd.Otto, A.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Plenary Workshop 2, about the Africa regional Back Analysis project which aims to analyse historic performance data of Low Volume Sealed Roads seals and pavements. Project Phase 2 has been completed - this included a data gap analysis. Phase 3 has started with reconnaissance visits in four countries and one is still to be undertaken.
pdfFit for Purpose Rural Roads in MyanmarDepartment for Rural Development (DRRD), MyanmarWai, T.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Plenary Workshop 2, summarising the project on LVR standards and specifications geared towards dealing with Myanmar's specific topography and traffic.
pdfRural Road Research Center in MyanmarDepartment for Rural Development (DRRD), MyanmarWai, T.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session B, summarising the current status and way forward for the establishment of a Research and Development Unit within the Department of Rural Development in Myanmar.
pdfCountry: MozambiqueANESimoes, I.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session B, summarising the status of research capacity building in Mozambique within the National Roads Authority (ANE).
pdfEstablishment and growth of a Road and Transport Research Centre in UgandaUganda National Roads AuthorityRubarenzya, M.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session B, summarising the key initiatives and achievements in the establishment and growth of a road and transport research centre within the Uganda National Roads Authority.
pdfOutcome of Research Capacity Building in TanzaniaPO-RALG;TARURAMagafu, F.;Lwanda, V.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session B, summarising the activities and results of AfCAP coordinated research capacity building efforts in Tanzania.
pdfConsultancy Services for Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTTP) Monitoring and Evaluation of Low Volume Road Sections in UgandaInception ReportKOM Consult LtdObetia, R.;Nakamya, B.2019AfCAP provides support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to collect performance-based data from existing trial/demonstration road sections. The data will provide evidence for the establishment of appropriate specifications for LVR. Monitoring is to be carried out in accordance with AfCAP guidelines for the establishment and monitoring of experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) sections, which will be updated under the project. In Uganda, a 41.1 km-long Matugga-Semuto-Kapeeka Pilot Demonstration Project (PDP) was identified as the study area. This PDP was constructed in 2010 as part of the research on more economic ways of constructing low volume sealed roads. KOMConsult is to carry out the monitoring for a period of 2 years through conducting various field surveys and tests, laboratory tests. A regional LTTP consultant is to provide oversight and capacity building services to the monitoring consultant. This Inception Report describes the work performed in the inception stage, and the methodology and approach for future activities of the assignment.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalRoadside Plantation report (Site 1 & Site 2)HelvetasGurung, H.;Adhikari, R.;Pandey, G.;Branney, P.;Shrestha, B.2018AsCAP is implementing a three-year pilot study aimed at developing an innovative and participatory approach for roadside protection on rural roads in Nepal. The report describes the roadside plantations that were planned and implemented for the two pilot sites in Dhankuta District. Site-1 lies in Shahidbhumi Rural Municipality in Dhankuta district and Site-2 lies along the same road corridor (Hile-Chhintang road) and includes parts of both Pakhribas and Dhankuta Municipalities. Both pilot sites were initially assessed for land condition and existing vegetation cover. Then site preparation (clearance, land preparation, composting) followed by plantation establishment and protection measures (from grazing animals) were carried out during July 2018. the Road User Group (RUG) members, together with the rural municipality representatives have agreed to collaborate on the plantation of broom grass (amrisso). There is still an outstanding issue regarding regular road maintenance at both these sites.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalBaseline report on Sites 1 and 2HelvetasPandey, G.;Adhikari, R.;Gurung, H.;Shrestha, B.;Branney, P.2018This report describes and combines the results of baseline studies conducted at the two selected pilot study sites for the participatory roadside stabilisation project in Nepal. Both these sites are located in Dhankuta District in the Eastern Hills. The baseline results for the 17 households belonging to the Road User Group (RUG) for Site-1 and the 35 households belonging to the Road User Group (RUG) for Site-2 were gathered and are analysed in this report using a sustainable analysis framework where a project indicator is proposed for each of the six livelihood assets. The baseline report notes that the context of the project has undergone a radical change as a result of Nepal's political federalisation, which came into full force in December 2017.
pdfCapacity Building for the Rural Road Research Centre in MyanmarInception ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.;Ventura, D.2019To support the establishment of the Research and Development Unit (RDU) with the DRRD in Myanmar, AsCAP initiated a project to build capacity among the staff. This Inception Report presents the results of interactions held with senior officials of the DRRD and RDU staff in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, during November 2018. The objectives of these interactions were to assess the current status of the RDU, to gauge progress made towards the establishment of the Unit, to revisit the Key Performance Indicators for the establishment and operation of the RDU as contained in the business plan, and to identify the specific capacity building needs of the RDU and its staff.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Existing Trial Sections and Implementation of Regional Guidelines for Establishing and Monitoring Trial Sections in TanzaniaProgress Report 4Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Mgangira, M.2019The purpose of this project is to develop capability in Tanzania, through mentoring, on how to establish and carry out the monitoring surveys and evaluation of LVR pavement trial sections. The report focuses on activities and outcomes of the fourth training workshop that was held in Dar es Salaam from 3-6 July 2018. The main objective of the workshop was to introduce participants to activities involved in sampling and evaluation of construction materials for low volume roads, and procedures for data collection and management that would assist them in their duties and responsibilities undertaking monitoring of long term pavement performance (LTPP) of trial sections. Overall, participants indicated that the workshop was successfully delivered, and most importantly they learned lessons that will assist them to undertake the second LTPP monitoring exercise of this project.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Existing Trial Sections and Implementation of Regional Guidelines for Establishing and Monitoring Trial Sections in TanzaniaFinal reportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Mgangira, M.;Merwe, A. van der2019The purpose of this project is to develop capability in Tanzania, through mentoring, on how to establish and carry out the monitoring surveys and evaluation of LVR pavement trial sections. This report highlights a record of capacity building outcomes based on a combination of training workshops and field monitoring training exercises. The scope of the training programmes was informed by the requirements considered and identified from the outset of the project, on the basis of relevant knowledge and field skills required by council managers, regional coordinators, engineers and technicians from TARURA and lecturers from two technical universities for practical implementation of the LTPP monitoring programme of trial sections. The report was discussed as a draft during a stakeholder workshop and the feedback, which included recommendations and action plans, was incorporated in the final version.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Existing Trial Sections and Implementation of Regional Guidelines for Establishing and Monitoring Trial Sections in TanzaniaCapacity Building ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.;Anochie-Boateng, J.2019The purpose of this project is to develop capability in Tanzania, through mentoring, on how to establish and carry out the monitoring surveys and evaluation of LVR pavement trial sections. This report provides a record of the capacity building activities achieved through a combination of four workshops and two field monitoring training exercises. The content of the capacity building programme was informed by the requirements considered and identified on the outset of the project, on the basis of relevant knowledge and field skills for practical implementation of the long-term monitoring programme of trial sections. The report also examines participants' feedback on capacity building issues addressed during the implementation of the project, lessons learnt and recommendations on capacity building issues to enhance effective implementation of the monitoring of the trial sections, analysis and interpretation of the collected data.
pdfReflections on the ReCAP Inter-Regional Implementation Meeting, 25–27 February 2019, Kathmandu, NepalReCAP Think PieceScriptoriaThapa, R.2019This think piece offers reflections on the second ReCAP Inter-Regional Implementation Meeting (IRIM) 2019, which was organised on 25-27 February 2019 in Kathmandu, Nepal. IRIM brought together key stakeholders from ReCAP partner countries (both research practitioners and policy makers), implementation partners and multilateral partners on the theme of "Effective uptake and embedment of transport research benefiting rural communities". The think piece provides a number of key messages, lessons and recommendations for enhanced uptake of ReCAP research, based on interviews with IRIM delegates and observations during the event.
pdfRAP Approach to Rural Road MaintenanceRural Access Programme 3Poudel, A.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session A, on the Rural Access Programme 3 that is being implemented in Nepal and its approach to road maintenance. The programme works with Road Maintenance Groups and Special Maintenance Groups; the RMGs having been introduced in 32 district projects. Based on the approach RMG guidelines have been developed and adopted by the Government of Nepal.
pdfParticipatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalHelvetasPandey, G.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session A, providing an update on the project in Nepal on a participatory approach to protect the roadside through planting commercial crops. The presentation provided an update on the selection of the two demonstration sites where broom grass is being planted, and the process of involving the local communities. The status of the two sites was discussed as well as issues and challenges encountered.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaGhana's perspectiveMinistry of Roads and HighwaysBalika, E.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session A, providing an update on the implementation of the Climate Adaptation project in Ghana; 1) the building of a stakeholder community; 2) capacity building and training of staff; and 3) the selection of a demonstration site. A stakeholder workshop was held involving policy makers, development partners and other institutions involved in climate resilience. Various training sessions were organised with the involvement of various agencies. A stretch of 19.2km of road between Tampion and Tidjo has been selected as demonstration section; the design has been completed and the project is currently awaiting tender. In terms of embedment the project has been able to deliver inputs into the climate change component of Ghana's National Transport Policy that is currently under review.
pdfClimate AdaptationMaking Rural Roads More ResilientANELanga, R.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session A, highlighting the activities undertaken in Mozambique in the framework of the AfCAP regional project on Climate Adaptation. Following a road assessment, problems were identified and climate resilient solutions were designed. These are now being constructed on LVR demonstration sections, to be tested and monitored.
pdfClimate Change AdaptationPaige-Green Consulting (Pty) Ltd.Paige-Green, P.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session A, addressing the AfCAP regional project on Climate Adaptation and enhancing the resilience of rural road networks. The presentation addressed the steps undertaken in the project including the implementation and roll out in AfCAP partner countries that participate, i.e. Ethiopia, Ghana and Mozambique. Activities included the development of guidelines and manuals, testing of the manuals, training and the design and construction of demonstration sections in Mozambique and Ghana.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Rural Road Asset ManagementUganda National Roads Authority;CDSMbabazi, E.;Bopoto, C.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019, Breakaway Session A, providing an overview of the AfCAP regional project on LVR asset management. The presentation addresses the various tools and indices that were developed in the project and the monitoring process for socio-economic impacts of improved asset management.
pdfScoping Study for a ReCAP Massive Open Online Course (or MOOC series)Final Scoping ReportNadya MundoBarrett, K.; Gaible, E.2019There are several topics within the realm of the ReCAP research strategies that would be appropriate for a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). This scoping study explores technology solutions in support of distance learning and knowledge sharing. The scoping study purpose is to contribute to a detailed implementation plan for a ReCAP MOOC or a series of MOOCs, covering the following aspects: target audience and user needs; topic(s), narrative and structure; delivery format and platform; certification/accreditation; and costs and development timescale. This report covers the comprehensive study into the needs of learners in terms of eLearning and specifically their needs for learning about transportation approaches in developing countries, and to build understanding of the challenges of design, implementation and sustainability that must be confronted during the process of eLearning development.
pdfRAI Measurement Framework and Case Study Trials of the Proposed MethodologyTRL Ltd.McPherson, K.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Workshop 1, addressing the ongoing work on the measurement framework and case study trials for pilot application of the RAI. The presentation addresses available data collection methodologies and issues related to it for the three layers of the RAI data: (rural) population distribution, road network and road condition.
pdfConsolidation, Revision and Pilot Application of the Rural Access Index (RAI)TRL Ltd.Workman, R.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Workshop 1, addressing the ReCAP project on consolidation, revision and pilot application of the RAI by TRL Ltd. The presentation highlights some of the issues related to the definition of the various components of the RAI, as well as methodological challenges in measuring and collecting appropriate data to assess the RAI of a country.
pdfOverview of the RAIReCAP PMUBradbury, A.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Workshop 1, providing an overview of the Rural Access Index (RAI), its origins, ReCAP's involvement in its development, its current status and the ongoing activities to consolidate and revise the RAI methodology.
pdfBeyond 2020: A Donor ViewDFIDJones, E.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 4, highlighting DFID's perspective on the sustainability and continuity of community access research, funded since 2004.
pdfReCAP legacy: what will be available by 2020?ReCAP PMUVisser, C.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 4, addressing what the ReCAP wants to leave behind as a legacy upon programme completion. This includes published articles in renowned journals and conferences of high standing, an online repository where all research outputs are stored, successful advocacy to get and keep rural transport on the development agenda, and legacy documentation.
pdfA broad strategy for rural transport research for 2020 in the ReCAP contextReCAP Technical PanelCook, J.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 4 focussing on the final phase of the ReCAP programme and actions to ensure an orderly closing, sustainability, uptake and embedment of ReCAP research.
pdfResults of the ReCAP online learning scoping studyNadya MundoBarrett, K.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 3, summarising the outcomes of a ReCAP scoping study into the options for developing a suite on online learning courses on rural transport and rural road infrastructure.
pdfKnowledge retention in the rural transport sectorReCAP PMUVisser, C.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 3 highlighting the methodology and outcomes of a knowledge retention project undertaken to capture and widely disseminate the knowledge of very senior rural transport experts.
pdfThe importance and benefits of mentoringReCAP Technical PanelGreening, A.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 3, addressing the mentoring initiative by the ReCAP Technical Panel and highlighting the benefits of mentorship.
pdfUpdates on ReCAP Capacity Building InitiativesReCAP PMULeta, N.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 3 providing updates on the ReCAP capacity building initiatives that are ongoing. These include the establishment of the Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport Leadership, training-of-trainer efforts in climate adaptation and asset management and structured mentorship.
pdfCommunity Access - What do research programs need to deliver?Asian Development BankLeather, J.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 2, addressing the needs for uptake and embedment from a development bank's point of view. The presentation focuses on what research programmes need to deliver to be considered for uptake and how rural transport fits within the ADB strategy.
pdfThe Researchers' ViewReCAP Technical PanelCook, J.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 2, addressing the researcher's view on uptake and embedment of research outcomes into policy and practice.
pdfRural Transport Advocacy in Africa/AsiaO'Neill, P.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 1, addressing advocacy for transport in general and rural transport in specific in Africa and Asia. The presentation provides an overview of knowledge products to be used for effective advocacy and shares the experience of the Environmentally Sustainable Transport Forum implemented in Asia and of plans to organise an effective, recurring dialogue on transport in Africa.
pdfSustainable Mobility for All (SuM4All)ReCAP Technical PanelCook, J.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 1, addressing the SuM4All initiative convened by the World Bank and with active involvement of the ReCAP programme championing the work on rural access under the Universal Access theme.
pdfRural Transport and the SDGsReCAP PMUBradbury, A.;Visser, C.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Plenary Session 1, addressing the role of rural transport in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, and the rationale for rural access research.
pdfRural Access Programme: Learnings from constructing and maintaining rural roads in NepalRAP NepalBaidya, S.2019Presentation held at the IRIM 2019 Opening Ceremony addressing the DFID-funded Rural Access Programme (RAP) implemented by IMCWorldwide. The presentation addresses how the RAP has delivered in terms of roads and bridges constructed, people affected in terms of poverty alleviation and resilience and how research has fed into the programme.
pdfImproving the resilience and quality of rural road infrastructure through landslide management and optimisation of road reserve use – Phase 1Inception ReportHearn Georeserve LtdHearn, G.;Oostenrijk, A. van2019AfCAP is funding a research study in Uganda with the objective to improve the climate resilience and quality of road infrastructure through landslide management and optimisation of road reserve use. The research study is divided into three Phases: Phase 1 is a Scoping/Feasibility Study; Phase 2 covers data collection, investigation and analysis; and Phase 3 includes study implementation. This Inception Report describes the findings of a project Inception visit to Uganda in January 2019. This visit included kick-off meetings, other meetings in Kampala and a visit to Mbale Station in the northeast of the country to observe landslide sources, mechanisms and impacts on the road network.
pdfEvaluation of the cost-beneficial improvement of first mile access on small-scale farming and agricultural marketingPolicy BriefTRL Ltd.;International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Workman, R.;Hine, J.;Otto, A.;Njenga, P.;Bezuidenhout, W.2019The AfCAP project on the Evaluation of cost-beneficial improvements of First Mile access is concerned with research into measures for improvement of ‘First Mile' access and the transport services associated with transferring harvest produce on the initial stages of movement from the farm to established road access. This policy brief summarises the key findings of the project and provides policy recommendations based on the outcomes.
pdfEvaluation of the cost-beneficial improvement of first mile access on small-scale farming and agricultural marketingFinal ReportTRL Ltd.;International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Workman, R.;Hine, J.;Otto, A.;Njenga, P.;Bezuidenhout, W.2019The AfCAP project on the Evaluation of cost-beneficial improvements of First Mile access is concerned with research into measures for improvement of ‘First Mile' access and the transport services associated with transferring harvest produce on the initial stages of movement from the farm to established road access. Following the completion of Phase 3, a Cost Benefit Analysis has been undertaken on one of the trial sites in Tanzania, located in the pineapple growing area of Madeke. This analysis was based on the principle that motorable roads could be brought closer to farms, in order to reduce the most expensive aspect of transport on the First Mile roads, and exploiting the cheaper and more efficient transportation by trucks. These results were presented at a regional stakeholder workshop in Arusha, Tanzania in November 2018, at which the key stakeholders from Kenya and Tanzania were present. The main theme of the workshop was to present the Cost Benefit Analysis, and to discuss the recommendations and how they could be practically implemented, as well as identifying how the results of the research could be disseminated at all levels. Consensus was found on all of these issues, and is contained in the details of this report.
pdfUpgrading Footpaths to Motorcycle Taxi accessible TracksAccelerating Socio-economic Development in rural Sub-Saharan AfricaSwansea UniversityPeters, K.; Mokuwa, E.; Richards, P.; Jenkins, J.; Johson, T2018This Policy Brief by Swansea University outlines key observations and recommendations following review of research into the operation of motorcycle taxis in Sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, it focuses on the cost-effective upgrade of footpaths to motorable tracks in north Liberia, implemented in the framework of the GIZ-funded ‘Participatory Access to Transport for Health' (PATH) project. The brief highlights the various effects in terms of enhanced agricultural production, enhanced access to services as well as the impacts in terms of gender equity, environment and road safety.
pdfConsolidation, Revision and Pilot Application of the Rural Access Index (RAI)Inception ReportTRLWorkman, R.;Starkey, P.;McPherson, K.2018The Rural Access Index is a key measurement of people's transport accessibility in rural areas that estimates the proportion of the rural population living within 2 km of an all-season road. It is used as the indicator for Sustainable Development Goal 9.1.1, which shows rural accessibility. The RAI has been measured in trials with selected countries in 2006 and 2016, and at present more countries are being assessed by the World Bank in 2018. A number of anomalies were found between the different trials, so it was deemed necessary to better understand the data collection and analysis process for the RAI and to revise the methodology to make it more sustainable, consistent, simple, and operationally relevant. The first phase of this project was carried out in early 2018 and provided a status review, and guidance as to the following phases. This report is based on the recommendations made in that report, and includes the results of further investigations, as well as more detailed approaches, methodologies and a work programme for delivering Task Group 2 of the project.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalProgress Report 02HelvetasBranney, P.;Pandey, G.2019This report describes progress with project activities and milestones from 1st August to 31st October 2018. Activities completed during this period include: the first Knowledge Sharing Workshop; plantation maintenance (such as manuring, watering, weeding etc.); plant growth monitoring; disease treatment; Road Users Group (RUG) backstopping; and RUG exchange visits for exposure to other plantation sites/nurseries. In addition, training on fire protection, composting, market linkage & marketing of agro-products as well as roles and responsibilities of market players was also conducted during this period. Regular joint monitoring of the road slopes and sides together with municipality/local elected ward chairpersons, road users and road maintenance committee and institutional capacity building for RUGs also took place during this period.
pdfScoping Study for a ReCAP Massive Open Online Course (or MOOC series)Phase 2 Workshop ReportNadya MundoBarret, K.;Barnes, F.;Gaible, E.;Sherman, D.2019The overall aim of ReCAP is to promote safe and sustainable rural access in Africa and Asia through research and knowledge sharing. In consideration of these objectives, there are several topics within the realm of the ReCAP research strategies that would be appropriate for a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) or series of MOOCs. The workshop was the most practical way of bringing together the team, PMU and partner country delegates to debrief findings from the scoping study and brainstorm ways forward for a ReCAP distance learning initiative. Dubai is centrally located to Asia and Africa partner nations to host such an event, and afforded a wide variety of cost-effective options for accommodation and conference rooms. The outcomes of the workshop included numerous ideas for relevant content (topics in rural roads and transport), and possible delivery formats and platforms. Delegates affirmed the need for certification/accreditation, and the need to develop a technology-driven solution to facilitate knowledge management and promote learning across ReCAP partner nations.
pdfMOOC Scoping Study WorkshopNadya MundoBarret, K.;Barnes, F.;Gaible, E.;Sherman, D.2018This set of presentations was presented at the ReCAP MOOC Scoping Study workshop, held on 13-14 December 2018 in Dubai, UAE. The presentation addresses the MOOC survey results, the state of the art in distance- and online learning technology, organisational and technical issues.
pdfInstructor's Manual For the competency based curriculum for training motorcycle and tricycle riders (Tanzania)With emphasis on Motorcycle Taxi (Boda Boda) RidersTransaid;Amend;TRLTransaid;Amend;TRL2019This Instructor's Manual for motorcycle taxi rider training was prepared in the framework of the Motorcycle Taxi and Three-wheelers safety project carried out by Transaid, Amend and TRL Ltd in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda (RAF2114A). This competency based curriculum is designed for training motorcycle and tricycle (also referred to as three-wheeler) riders with an emphasis on motorcycle taxi (boda boda) riders. It has been developed primarily for use in Tanzania by a wide range of stakeholders.
pdfA Manual for Motorcycle and Three-Wheeler Taxi Associations (Tanzania)Guidance on Setting-Up an Association and the Association's Responsibilities to its MembersTransaid;Amend;TRLTransaid;Amend;TRL2019This Manual for motorcycle taxi associations was prepared in the framework of the Motorcycle Taxi and Three-wheelers safety project carried out by Transaid, Amend and TRL Ltd in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda (RAF2114A). It contains guidance on setting up an association and responsibilities to the association's members.
pdfNew Technologies Shaping Rural AccessvariousBradbury, A.; Guenther, D.;Leather, J.;Haule, J.;Aguma, J.;Kondylis, F.;Workman, R.2019Compiled presentation held at the Transforming Transportation 2019 side event on New Technologies Shaping Rural Access, organised in Washington DC, USA on 17 January 2019.
pdfInteractions between improved rural access infrastructure and transport services provisionReport of an Inter-regional Workshop held 12-13 November 2018, Arusha, TanzaniaTRLStarkey, P.;Hine, J.;Workman, R.2019ReCAP has contracted TRL to research and disseminate how investments in low-volume rural roads (LVRR) impact rural transport services (RTS) and the mobility of people and their goods. The IMPARTS project held an inter-regional workshop on 12-13 November 2018 in Arusha, Tanzania, to discuss how investments in low-volume rural roads affect rural transport services. The majority of the 37 workshop participants were from AfCAP road authorities. Groups discussed observations, including the importance of motorcycle taxis when roads cannot be used by minibuses. Further group work endorsed the need for integrated approaches to RTS-LVRR planning. This will require institutional collaboration (roads-transport), and survey data of RTS, that could be included in Maintenance Management Systems. Data and simple indicators on RTS volumes and prices can be collected easily. LVRR road guidelines should consider motorcycle safety and options for motorcycle trails. RTS could be stimulated by multi-sectoral logistic strategies, with funding options to assist new RTS initiatives, including an RTS fund. The various innovative approaches for integrated RTS-LVRR planning will require capacity building and modest funding. The anonymous evaluation rated the workshop highly.
pdfRural Mobility and Socio-Economic Baseline Pilot Study in LiberiaProgress ReportUniversity of BirminghamBopoto, C.;Addai-Yeboah, A.2018Safe, reliable and affordable rural access facilitates the movement of goods and services which affects the livelihoods of low-income households, especially in developing economies such as Liberia. There is a growing need to measure the impact of these rural access investments on livelihood opportunities and poverty reduction, and to measure the socio-economic benefits accruing to project beneficiaries. To this end, the Liberian Ministry of Public Works (MPW), supported by AfCAP, is to establish a Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for assessing the socio-economic impacts of rural road improvement projects. This report presents progress since the method validation workshop, with an emphasis on the data collection exercise undertaken in Grand Gedeh county from 01 to 18 June 2018. The report summarises study progress to date, presents preparations made for data collection, status of the data collection exercise and issues arising from the same.
pdfRural Mobility and Socio-Economic Baseline Pilot Study in LiberiaWorkshop 2 Report - Results ValidationUniversity of BirminghamBopoto, C.2018Safe, reliable and affordable rural access facilitates the movement of goods and services which affects the livelihoods of low-income households, especially in developing economies such as Liberia. There is a growing need to measure the impact of these rural access investments on livelihood opportunities and poverty reduction, and to measure the socio-economic benefits accruing to project beneficiaries. To this end, the Liberian Ministry of Public Works (MPW), supported by AfCAP, is to establish a Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for assessing the socio-economic impacts of rural road improvement projects. This report covers the results validation workshop and two supplementary meetings held in Monrovia on 23 October 2018. The report summarises the views of stakeholders on M&E Database management system and the final list of socio-economic indicators.
pdfMeasuring Road Condition of the First MileTRLWorkman, R.2018The efficiency of rural transport is important for improving financial and time costs in the delivery of produce and for reducing post-harvest losses for smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa. There is growing recognition that rural infrastructure needs to be planned together with transport services to minimise transport costs, reduce crop wastage and gain the maximum advantage for farmers. TRL is undertaking research in Tanzania and Kenya on moving harvest along the primary transport segment, or ‘First Mile', from farm to established road access. This project is concerned with the cost-beneficial improvement of access, by assessing the condition of these primary road segments to determine the effect on crop damage and wastage. The condition assessment is being carried out using a variety of high-tech methods, in addition to traditional visual surveys being assessed from DashCam videos of the road. A quantitative assessment of road roughness was measured using three methods, maximum comfortable achievable vehicle speed, smartphone apps and accelerometers. Accelerometers were placed in both passenger and goods vehicles; in amongst the produce when vehicles are loaded. The accelerometer data was analysed, along with socio-economic data, to gain a greater understanding of First Mile access problems that will result in recommendations for improvement.
pdfCapturing and Disseminating Rural Transport Knowledge from Senior ExpertsReCAP;TransaidVisser, C.;Clark, S.2018Since the start of the 6-year Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) in 2014, it has been observed that the already small pool of experienced senior international rural transport experts is aging, and that action should be undertaken to capture and retain the knowledge of this pool for future practitioners. A dedicated effort to inventorise the experts and to capture and disseminate their knowledge has been implemented during 2018 to ensure the long-term availability of their knowledge for the sector, independently of their actual involvement in the ReCAP programme. The project mainly (but not solely) addressed capturing the tacit knowledge of the senior experts, i.e. “the skills, ideas and experiences that people have but are not codified and may not necessarily be easily expressed.” (Chugh et al, 2015). This paper will go into the methodology and media used to extract this tacit knowledge. It has been complemented with (a selection of) explicit knowledge that the experts authored or contributed to. Furthermore, the paper will address the means and channels of dissemination that have been put in place to spread the knowledge as widely possible. It will equally address the plans and progress for a ReCAP mentoring platform with involvement of the targeted experts.
pdfBuilding the Next Generation of Transport Leaders in Sub-Saharan AfricaReCAP;Mott MacDonald;ASANRASampson, L.;Leta, N.;Kelly, K.;Malota, J.2018A scoping study for a Transport Sector Leadership Development Programme (TSLDP) was commissioned as part of the ReCAP programme. The study is now moving into an implementation phase based on the findings of the scoping study and further deliberations by the ReCAP member countries, ASANRA and the ReCAP Programme Management Unit (PMU). This paper outlines the requirements to establish a Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport Leadership (CSSTL), whose role would be to develop and implement the sustainable delivery options for future transport leadership capacity building. Three levels of delivery options will be discussed: 1. Mentorship programmes, where candidates receive on-the-job training and mentoring focusing on leadership and management in the transport sector; 2. Continuing Professional Development (CPD) courses (existing and new) which encapsulate the leadership, managerial and technical content identified for leading transport professionals in Africa; and 3. A recognised post-graduate qualification in transport leadership.
pdfImproved Rural Road Network Asset Management Through Appropriate TechnologyIntech Associates; ClanviewPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2018Rural road networks in Sub-Saharan Africa often remain in generally poor condition, with a deteriorating cycle of poor condition and reluctance to fund maintenance. The consequence for the agricultural sector and rural communities is poor accessibility and high transport costs. There is now the prospect to address all of these issues by utilising proven tractor technology for road rehabilitation and maintenance techniques at a much lower cost than traditional heavy equipment approaches. Thus, rural tractor utilisation can be raised benefiting both road and agri- sectors with lower unit costs. Consequently, road maintenance will become cheaper and more sustainable, and agricultural production and transport costs will be reduced. The tractor attachments; such as towed graders, trailers and bowsers can be manufactured locally contributing to the support of the local commercial economy. The capital investment requirements for tractor equipment are also a fraction of those required for heavy civil engineering plant, and are thus more affordable for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in an environment where credit/capital is scarce and expensive.
pdfMaking Africa's Roads More Resilient to Climate ChangeCSIR;Paige-Green consultingPaige-Green, P.;Verhaeghe, B.2018The inevitable impacts of climate change on the already stressed low volume rural road networks in Africa will have dire consequences in many countries. As the changes in climatic conditions increase, the impacts on road networks will become more severe. An assessment of these impacts related to various climatic stressors has indicated a wide range of adaptation measures to improve climate resilience. However, it is essential that the road networks are assessed adequately to identify vulnerable areas and the necessary adaptation techniques. This will involve the visual assessment of all roads within each network by assessors trained to identify specific conditions and consequences. The paper describes the main stressors and impacts on various components of the infrastructure and identifies the properties that need assessment and how this should be carried out.
pdfSurfacing Options for Low Volume Roads in MozambiqueANENamburete, C.;Dabo, F.;Calisto, Z.2018Two low volume roads in Inhambane and Zambezia provinces in Mozambique have been constructed using locally available materials not complying with traditional standards as base course. Four different surfacing options were used on these roads: gravel, penetration macadam, Otta seal and sand seal (armoured base). The roads were built between 2009 and 2013. Monitoring sections have been established on these roads and are being regularly assessed in terms of the Mozambique standard Monitoring Protocols. After up to 7 years the sections are generally performing well. Localised defects are attributed to poor construction quality and inadequate supervision on site. The performance of the three surfacing solutions was analysed and compared with the performance of the gravel section. The paper summarises the findings of the investigations and concludes that all the surfacing options are technically viable. However, each situation needs to be assessed in terms of its economic viability, particularly on roads carrying low traffic (less than 100 vpd) or where the necessary construction materials must be hauled over long distances.
pdfA Stochastic Model for the Determination of Rural Road Maintenance Financing NeedsUniversity of BirminghamKome, P.;Ghataora, G.;Burrow, M.;Bopoto, C.2018Rural road maintenance in Sub-Saharan Africa is underfunded as the benefits are less tangible than investment in building new roads or funding strategic or national road development. As a result, investment in rural road maintenance is often inefficient, not transparent and motivated by non-needs driven factors. This is having a significant effect on the socio-economic development of rural communities. To ameliorate this, there is a need to present the benefits of rural road maintenance in a concise, transparent and straightforward manner that is meaningful to politicians and senior decision makers. The research describes work that was carried out to develop a probabilistic tool which is capable of determining the effects of maintenance on road asset condition over time at the network level under budget constraints. The tool consists of Markov based rural road asset deterioration and maintenance effects models. These have been determined as a function of climate and traffic for a variety of assets and geo-environments in the region. The robustness and viability of the tool is demonstrated via data collected from three Sub-Saharan countries.
pdfAdoption of Road Asset valuation that takes into account economic, environmental, political and social factors as a means of prioritising development and preservation of rural road assetsUniversity of BirminghamKakiiza, R.;Burrow, M.;Ghataora, G.;Kome, P.2018This paper proposes a new rural road valuation methodology encompassing economic, environmental, political and social factors as a means of prioritising development and preservation of rural road assets. A combination of models have been adopted to monetise and rank the road assets for prioritisation. The models include; Modified Transport demand model (MTDM) for valuation of social-economic benefits, Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) method for valuing and ranking the social – economic benefits to be considered for monetisation calculation and a value model (VM) that combines all the other models to calculate the actual value of the road asset.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Rural Road Asset ManagementCDSGeddes, R.2018The Africa Community Access Partnership (AFCAP) is providing technical assistance and capacity building initiatives to foster sustainable improvements in asset management performance in selected rural road agencies in Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone and the Western Cape region of South Africa. This paper outlines the methodologies and tools that have been developed to assess performance in rural road asset management and achieve improvements in performance over time. The paper summarises progress that has been made in the first two years since the project's inception. Central to the research methodology is a self-assessment framework which is being used by the road agencies to compare their management performance against the other participating organisations, and to identify and prioritise areas of asset management which are in need of attention. The initial findings of the research show that gaps in pre-requisites for sustainable road preservation exist in three project countries: Sierra Leone, Zambia and Uganda. The Western Cape's situation is in a more advanced state.
pdfPerformance of Mechanically Stabilised Sand Road Bases in MozambiqueANECumbane, C.;Dzimba, M.2018In Mozambique only 20% of the classified road network is paved. Locally available materials for the base are often out of specification and the solution normally adopted for pavement layers is conventional chemical stabilisation. The Agostinho-Neto to Mutamba Road in Inhambane Province, Mozambique, was constructed under a programme of Targeted Interventions for Low Volume Roads. The objective of the programme was to find technical and economically viable options for local conditions. The research project has shown that the locally available sandy materials can be mechanically stabilised to provide an adequate base course without the high cost of conventional stabilisation.
pdfUptake and Embedment as Key Elements of a Sustainable Rural Transport Research ProgrammeReCAP Technical PanelCook, J.;Greening, A.2018Although applied research can and should play an increasingly significant role in improving the effectiveness and sustainability of this infrastructure, there remain barriers to be overcome in ensuring speedier application of the research outcomes. The Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) is a UKAID-DFID funded initiative comprising AsCAP (Asian Community Access Partnership and AfCAP (African Community Access Partnership) and the previous South East Asian Community Access Programme (SEACAP). Its aim is to improve accessibility of the rural poor in Africa and Asia to economic opportunities through applied research and by strengthening the evidence base on more cost effective and reliable low volume roads and transport services. ReCAP has taken on board lessons learnt from previous research programmes and has structured its applied research on rural transport projects within a framework that includes dissemination, uptake and embedment as integral programme elements alongside capacity development.
pdfApproaches to Appraise the Impact of Rural Road Maintenance in Sub Saharan AfricaUniversity of BirminghamBurrow, M.;Ghataora, G.;Shumbusho, R.;Bopoto, C.;Lema, C.2018A number of agencies have commissioned empirical studies to demonstrate the impacts of investment in rural road infrastructure. This paper analyses published methodologies and draws a number of lessons which can be learnt for similar studies in Sub-Saharan Africa. These findings are utilised to devise an econometric approach which has been developed to assess the impacts of rural road maintenance on the livelihoods of rural communities in thirty communities in three rural districts in Sierra Leone, Uganda and Zambia. The results of the study suggest that road condition has an impact on travel times and transport costs to the local markets. However, the sale prices at the nearest largest market of a variety of goods that have been exported from the communities considered, or imported to the same, were not found to be related to road condition. This suggests that vendors agree, formally or informally, to fix the prices of goods and therefore transport cost savings are retained by the village or market vendor rather than being passed on to the consumer. In some areas it was found that transport availability and costs are governed by the presence of large numbers of motorcycles and their overloading of motorcycles, rather than by road condition.
pdfReanalysing existing data to enhance understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport in GhanaAmend;TransaidAdu, J.;Rettie, N.2018The use of motorcycles and motorised three-wheelers in Africa has increased greatly in recent years. In rural areas, motorcycles are now the most common type of vehicles in many countries. They are often operated as taxis, charging a fare to carry passengers and goods. Ghana is one of four countries in which a research study on "Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks" is being supported by the African Community Access Partnership (AfCAP). The other countries are Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. A key part of the study in Ghana is to reanalyse relevant existing data, but with a rural focus, thereby providing a detailed understanding of issues in rural areas. Through this study, the data has been reanalysed to establish the magnitude and pattern of motorcycle-related deaths and injuries on low-volume rural roads. Similarly, data from other government departments has also been reanalysed with a rural focus. The research also involves a survey of motorcycle and three-wheeler riders, owners and users, as well as non-users, to understand the benefits and disbenefits of these modes. A review of policy and legislation will identify opportunities to increase the effectiveness of regulation. The study's findings will inform decision-makers as they undertake a review of the existing ban on motorcycle taxis in Ghana.
pdfInvestigation of the use of Cinder Gravels in Pavement Layers for Low Volume RoadsProgress Report 5TRLHearn, G.;Otto, A.;Greening, A.2017This Progress Report summarises progress made on the Cinder Gravels research project during March - June 2017. During this period the cinder gravel testing has been completed and the results have been reviewed, both in terms of engineering implications and potential future source areas. All field engineering geological field data has been reviewed and summarised, and the engineering geological descriptions of material strength have been compared with the lab test data. Geographical areas where cinder gravels appear to be, on the whole, stronger than others have been identified, and the Debre Zeit (Bishoftu) and Butajira areas were selected for ground truthing. Visits were made to cinder cones in these areas and additional samples were collected for AIV testing. These test results were received at the end of June 2017 and have been reviewed as part of this Progress Report. Generally, the materials tested during the ground truthing were found to be suitable either as base or sub-base (though there are some exceptions) and the engineering geological descriptions were generally supported by the AIV results.
pdfEvaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Value-for-Money of DCP-DN Pavement Design Method for Low-Volume Roads in Comparison with Conventional DesignsFinal Workshop ReportInfra Africa (Pty) LtdPinard, M.;Zyl, G. van;Hongve, J.;Paige-Green, P.;Mukandila, E.2018A workshop was arranged by ReCAP to discuss the outcome of the Draft Final Report on the Evaluation of Cost Effectiveness and Value-for-Money of the DCP-DN Pavement Design Method for Low Volume Roads in Comparison with Conventional Designs (referred to as “the Cost Evaluation Report”), as well as a companion report on the Development of the DCP-DN Method. The workshop was held in Durban, South Africa, on Friday 12th October, 2018. A principal purpose of the workshop and the documents provided was to demonstrate that the DCP-DN method was founded on sound scientific principles and could be used with confidence albeit within defined limits. In addition, the workshop was expected to provide guidance on further research work necessary to improve the efficacy and applicability of the DCP-DN design method for LVRs. The workshop presentations triggered a number of comments and clarifications from participants, the main outcomes of which are summarised in this report.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisPhase 2 ReportTRLOtto, A.;Zihni, J.;Mukura, K.;Rolt, J.;McPherson, K.2018Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) through Back Analysis is a project being carried out in three phases scheduled for completion by April 2019. Phase 2, reported on in this document, involved further development of the database architecture and structure, a more detailed gap analysis, extensive review of other existing reports and data, training of counterparts from participating countries on the use of the database, and further population of the database. A detailed gap analysis or a meta-analysis (depending on the volume of data) will be carried out on the data to determine any critical information and data gaps. Such additional information, if required, will be collected through limited fieldwork.
pdfCapacity Building and Mentorship for the Establishment and Implementation of Monitoring & Evaluation Programmes on Experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Sections in Six African Countries and MyanmarMeeting Report (August 2018)CDSGeddes, R.2018The Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) is providing support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to collect performance-based data from existing trial/demonstration road sections. A coordination meeting, reported on in this document, was held between experts engaged by ReCAP on capacity building projects for LTPP monitoring in Africa and Asia. The meeting was held in Johannesburg on 24th August 2018. The meeting enabled the experts to share their experiences on the LTPP programme, and to agree on key aspects of programme including responsibilities for collection and analysis of data and the format and content of the regional monitoring guidelines.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementProgress Report No. 6 (May to July 2018)CDSGeddes, R.;Bopoto, C.;Gongera, K.;Lema, C.;Haule, J.2018 The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) is providing technical assistance to foster improvements in asset management performance in selected rural road agencies in four countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The four countries participating are Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone and the Western Cape region of South Africa. Project activities in the period May to July 2018 included visits by the GEM Advisory Team to Sierra Leone, Uganda and Zambia. The participating roads agencies are preparing for the 2018 round of data collection.
pdfCapacity Building and Mentorship for the Establishment and Implementation of Monitoring & Evaluation Programmes on Experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Sections in Six African Countries and MyanmarInception ReportCDS;IMC WorldwideDangare, F.2018The Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) is providing support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to collect performance-based data from existing trial/demonstration road sections. The Inception phase, reported on in this document, included a visit by the CDS advisory team to Malawi, Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia in May 2018 to meet the participating roads agency staff and the local consultants, visit a selection of roads earmarked for monitoring, and assess monitoring work already carried out. South Sudan will participate in the next round of country visits and DR Congo will participate in the project workshop. Preparations are in place for an initial visit to Myanmar in July 2018. A key objective of the project is to develop capacity within each RRC to independently manage the monitoring programme in the longer term.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaManagement of Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change: EthiopiaCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingArnold, K.;Maritz, J.;Roux, M.;Head, M.;Roux, A. Le;Makhanya, S.;Engelbrecht, F.;Verhaeghe, B.;Paige-Green, P.2018AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. This Document is a Country Report on the management of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change using the principles and recommendations set out in the Handbook and the relevant Guidelines. It features issues specific to Ethiopia, dealing with the issues of adaptation, incorporation of climate risk information into systems, and actions to put in place a policy that specifically deals with incorporating climate change adaptation (CCA) at the Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA) and its operations.
pdfPilot study to collect more robust accident data for Sierra LeoneTraining ReportCentre for Transport and Logistics (CTL) Sapienza University;FRED EngineeringTripodi, A.;Wurie, N.;Robibaro, M.2018This report provides an overview of the training of trainers course held in Freetown on the 17thand 18th of July 2018 (hosted by Sierra Leone Road Safety Authority). The training focused on two main topics: i) performing road traffic crash data collection according to the framework developed for Sierra Leone; and ii) using the accident data management system customised to Sierra Leone stakeholder needs. Fourteen stakeholders from various entities involved in the road traffic crash data collection and analysis process have been trained so that they can in turn train other colleagues. Some outcomes of the training were also used to make small changes to the data collection forms.
pdfRetaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector ExpertsDissemination ReportTransaidSilva, A.;Bearman, F.;Clark, S.2018The project Retaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector Experts is being implemented by Transaid in 2018, with the objective of mapping, documenting and storing the knowledge of senior rural transport experts, packaging this knowledge into electronic formats appropriate for dissemination to a wider audience. The assignment will produce a series of short films based on core themes and will feature interview footage with the selected rural transport experts. In addition, the short films will link to the key published materials of each of the targeted senior rural transport experts. This report documents the progress so far on Phase Three: Dissemination. As well as providing a status update, the report expands on the dissemination strategy designed initially and goes on to make recommendations for the extension of this assignment.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaVisual Assessment ManualCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingPaige-Green, P.;Verhaeghe, B.,2018AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. This manual describes the nature and collection of the type of data that constitute inputs for climate resilience assessments and the implementation of appropriate adaptation techniques, which is normally not part of the routine data collection for asset management purposes. This includes issues such as erosion, problem soils, drainage from the road and its near environment as well as from outside the road reserve, instability of embankments and cuttings, construction issues and maintenance problems. For expedience and to minimise costs, this should be done during the routine visual condition assessments, by the assessment teams or others trained specifically for the purpose. Based on the typical problems expected, the assessments are probably best done by those with a geotechnical, engineering geological or geomorphological background. A standard form for recording the data is provided.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaClimate Adaptation Handbook - Draft for CommentsCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingHead, M.;Verhaeghe, B.;Paige-Green, P.;Roux, A. le;Makhanya, S.;Arnold, K.2018AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. This Handbook covers part of item (a) and contributes towards (b) and (c) above.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaChange Management GuidelinesCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingHead, M.;Verhaeghe B.;Maritz, J2018AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. An independent Climate Adaptation Handbook has been developed that particularly addresses part (a) of this study focus in detail as well as paying attention to aspects relating to parts (b), (c) and (d). The Guideline presented in this document acts as a supporting document to the Handbook and is specifically aimed at providing change management guidelines relating to non-engineering adaptation options.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaClimate Threats and Vulnerability Assessment Guidelines - Draft for CommentsCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingRoux, A. le;Makhanya, S.;Arnold, K.;Roux, M.2018AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study addresses the issues of appropriate and economical methodologies for vulnerability and risk assessments; prioritisation of adaptation interventions; and optimisation of asset resilience in the context of rural access low-volume roads. In addition, evidence of cost and economic and social benefit links to rural communities arising from more resilient rural access will be provided to support wider policy adoption across Africa. In this guideline, users are guided through the process of conducting a climate threat and vulnerability study at national/ regional and project level by applying the developed semi-quantitative AfCAP risk and vulnerability assessment framework. This framework is used to highlight high-risk areas in terms of climate impacts on low-volume access roads. The results of such an application are meant to guide and support decision making and prioritisation when adapting existing and new road infrastructure to the impacts of climate change.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaEngineering Adaptation Guidelines - Draft for CommentsCSIR;Paige-Green consulting;St. Helen's consultingPaige-Green, P.; Verhaeghe, B.;Head, M.2018AfCAP has commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. This Guideline covers part of item (a) and contributes towards (b) and (c) above. In this Guideline, engineering adaptation options related to the various climatic stressors are presented. The crucial importance of effective drainage and timely and appropriate maintenance is highlighted. Adaptation techniques for handling the expected changes in temperature and precipitation, windiness, sea level rise and more frequent extreme events are identified and discussed. These are specifically related to unpaved roads, paved roads, sub-grade materials, earthworks and drainage within and outside the road reserve as well as possible implications for construction activities. The impacts on maintenance practices are also highlighted and guidance given.
pdfDevelopment of Low Volume Road design manuals and update of standard specifications and detailed drawings for three AfCAP member countries in West AfricaPeer Review Report for Sierra Leone and GhanaCDSGeddes, R.;Ebels, L.;Barnes, S.;Odametey, F.;Hearn, G.;Bopoto,C.;Adams, C.;Beckley, A.2018ReCAP is funding the preparation of manuals for Low Volume Roads for Liberia, Sierra Leone and Ghana. These draw on existing material available in these countries, as well as relevant documentation developed in other ReCAP participating countries. Inputs by local experts are supplemented by inputs by international experts with experience in rural roads. The preparation of the manuals includes local stakeholder participation through workshops and a peer review process. In January 2018 a “zero draft” of each Part of the Sierra Leone and Ghana manuals was discussed at two-day in-country workshops. This enabled the preparation of the first draft of these manuals, which were then reviewed by National Peer Reviewers and an International Peer Reviewer. The purpose of the peer review process, documented in this report, was to ensure that the documents are technically sound, of a consistently high quality, relevant to the target country, and free of errors. The peer review of these two manuals was generally favourable concerning the scope and content of the manuals.
pdfDefining a Post-Conflict Role for Rural Transport in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Crosscutting Literature ReviewAlabama University; CTRJones, S.;Walsh, J.2013Responding to a lack of a comprehensive understanding of the role transport can play in preserving peace in a post-conflict environment, AfCAP issued research to explore and document relationships between transport and political stability in the context of rural Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) as evidenced in relevant academic and professional literature. Essentially, the study documents a crosscutting literature review within the two fields of Transport Policy and Peace Studies with a view to identifying new interdisciplinary research themes on which to base future work.
pdfGuidelines for Mainstreaming Gender in Rural TransportDesk ReviewTanzarn, N.2018The report presents findings of a review of seven projects funded under the ReCAP Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport Initiative. The main purpose of the review was to synthesise lessons learnt and good practices to inform the preparation of illustrative guidelines for mainstreaming gender in rural transport. The review established that there have been several initiatives in Africa and Asia to mainstream gender in transport policy, planning, institutions and projects. These initiatives have contributed to the increased visibility of the gender dynamics of rural transport and have expanded women's employment opportunities and thus access to income. However, these gender mainstreaming in transport policy and planning initiatives have not yet triggered transformative changes, and therefore risk not being sustainable in the longer term.
pdfDevelopment of Low Volume Road Design Manuals and update of standard specifications and detailed drawings for three AfCAP member countries in West AfricaSecond Workshop ReportCDSGeddes, R.;Goldie-Scot, H.;Ebels, L.;Barnes, S.;Odametey, F.;Hearn, G.2018ReCAP is funding the preparation of manuals for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) for Liberia, Sierra Leone and Ghana. The new manuals draw on similar documents developed in other ReCAP participating countries and existing material available in the participating countries. The preparation of the manuals includes local stakeholder participation through workshops and a peer review process. The purpose of the second workshops was to consolidate stakeholder engagement in determining the relevance of the manual contents. Discussions and practical exercises carried out during the workshops highlighted several issues to be addressed by the authors for the “first draft” of the manual for each country. The final manuals are expected to be launched in early 2018.
pdfDesign, Construction, Supervision and Baseline Monitoring of Trials Sections on Low Volume Roads in ZambiaExperimental Design and Research Matrix ReportRankinPaige-Green, P.;Hongve, J.;Pinard, M.;Rattray, S.2018A project for the “Design, Construction Supervision and Baseline Monitoring of Trial Sections on Low Volume Roads in Zambia” is being carried out under the AfCAP programme. The success of Zambia's programme of sealing rural roads will depend on the adoption of pavement design standards, materials specifications and construction techniques that are appropriate to low volume roads (LVRs). This report describes the “experimental design” and the development of the research matrix based on the sampling and testing of in situ and locally available materials and the construction and monitoring requirements related to the implementation of two Trial sections that have been designed using the DCP DN method and incorporating three types of bituminous surfacing. It is anticipated that the outputs of the project will ultimately be used to improve local design practices for rural access roads.
pdfClimate Resilient Concrete Structure in Marine Environment of BangladeshCost Analysis ReportMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2018This project has examined the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, develop cost effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and make recommendations on improvements in construction practice and workmanship considered necessary to improve service life. This report compares the life-cycle cost analysis for three different concrete mixes, viz, LGED nominal mix 1:1.5:3 with stone aggregates, brick aggregates and recommended durable concrete mix containing 30% flyash. The cost analysis study for a sample structural element (deck slab of bridge/culvert) concludes that the recommended durable concrete mix fulfils the 75-year design life with no major repair costs. On the other hand, the current LGED specified concrete mixes incur repair costs, which is therefore not a cost-effective design for concrete structures in coastal regions of Bangladesh.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Trial Sections in Mozambique incorporating Capacity Building of Road Research Centre PersonnelTraining Workshop ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Paige Green, P.2018AfCAP is assisting the Mozambique National Roads Administration (ANE) to evaluate existing road experimental sections constructed previously in Mozambique under several programmes, including with AfCAP support. These trial sections were designed to demonstrate and verify different options in design, material utilisation and construction methods for rural roads (particularly low-volume rural roads- LVR). To achieve the objective of influencing future policy in the road sector, it is necessary to review the outcomes of all trial sections constructed in Mozambique and to start a process of establishing new trial sections. Training was provided in how to identify, prioritise and carry out research projects on roads. A list of possible future research projects for the RRC was developed and prioritised. RRC members were also provided with assistance in the preparation of technical papers which were submitted to the SARF/IRF/PIARC Regional Conference for Africa to be held in Durban in October 2018.
pdfMainstreaming Gender in Transport in Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania and UgandaInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Tanzarn, N.2018Presentation held at the Women In Transport (WIT) conference held in Nairobi, Kenya on 21-23 November 2018. The presentation provides an overview of the cluster of projects on gender mainstreaming in (rural) transport that was implemented over 2015-2017, the approach taken, its significance, outcomes and recommendations.
pdfRetaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector ExpertsKnowledge Acquisition ReportTransaidSilva, A.;Clark, S.2018The project Retaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector Experts is being implemented by Transaid in 2018, with the objective of mapping, documenting and storing the knowledge of senior rural transport experts, packaging this knowledge into electronic formats appropriate for dissemination to a wider audience. This report gives an update on the knowledge acquisition process, highlighting the steps taken during the phase of data collection and filmed interviews, the activities completed and ongoing, as well as identifies the next steps going forward.
pdfEvaluation of the cost-beneficial improvement of first mile access on small-scale farming and agricultural marketingPhase 3 ReportTRL Ltd.;International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Hine, J.;Otto, A.;Workman, R.2018The AfCAP project on the Evaluation of cost-beneficial improvements of First Mile access is concerned with research into measures for improvement of ‘First Mile' access and the transport services associated with transferring harvest produce on the initial stages of movement from the farm to established road access. The project has now conducted fieldwork in Kenya and Tanzania to explore transport service and engineering solutions for the provision of improved access to markets for small scale farmers. This data collection was undertaken from November 2017 to May 2018 at the two selected sites in Kenya and in Tanzania. This data has been analysed in this report and some tentative conclusions have been drawn. The data analysis will be discussed at forthcoming stakeholder workshops in September 2018, held in each country.
pdfRural and Rural-Urban Connectivity in the Asia Pacific RegionUnited Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)Regmi, M.2018Presentation held at the ReCAP Rural-Urban Connectivity pre-event at the EST Forum 2018 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The presentation addresses the issues and challenges that remain with connecting remote community to the transport network in the Asia-Pacific Region.
pdfRural-Urban Connectivity – Vientiane Declaration on Sustainable Rural Transport towards Achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable DevelopmentUnited Nations Centre for Regional Development (UNCRD)Mohanty, C.;Joshi, G.2018Presentation held at the ReCAP Rural-Urban Connectivity pre-event at the EST Forum 2018 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The presentation addresses the status and update of the Vientiane Declaration on Sustainable Rural Transport towards achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
pdfRural Transport and its role in achieving the Sustainable Development GoalsReCAP PMUVisser, C.2018Presentation held at the ReCAP Rural-Urban connectivity pre-event at the EST Forum 2018 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The presentation highlights the role of rural transport in achieving the SDGs, and particularly centres on five key messages to promote rural transport on the multilateral development agenda.
pdfThe First Mile and the Rural Access IndexReCAP PMUBradbury, A.2018Presentation held at the ReCAP Rural-Urban connectivity pre-event at the EST Forum 2018 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The presentation summarises the status of ReCAP research on the First Mile transport for small-holder farmers and on the Rural Access Index (RAI).
pdfEnhancing the sustainability of the ReCAP Rural Access LibraryPhase 1 Final ReportWe Are Potential LtdColmer, S.;Bimbe, N.;Mason, P.2018The Rural Access Library is a repository of rural roads and transport services evidence, containing outputs from the current ReCAP programme and previous programmes. The Enhancing the sustainability of the ReCAP Rural Access Library project aims to bring the repository up to international standards and to have all relevant information available for ReCAP to engage in negotiations with a potential future host of the Rural Access Library, hence paving the way for long-term quality, sustainability and transferability of the repository. This Phase 1 Final report outlines the activities undertaken by We Are Potential Limited during Phase 1. It provides a summary of the review that was conducted, the results that were found, and the recommendations that are made for possible implementation in Phase 2. The areas covered were the meta data, repository content, policies and cross repository harvesting. The project equally looks into future hosting of the repository beyond the end of the ReCAP programme.
pdfEnhancing the sustainability of the ReCAP Rural Access LibraryInception ReportWe Are Potential LtdColmer, S.2018The Rural Access Library is a repository of rural roads and transport services evidence, containing outputs from the current ReCAP programme and previous programmes. The Enhancing the sustainability of the ReCAP Rural Access Library project aims to bring the repository up to international standards and to have all relevant information available for ReCAP to engage in negotiations with a potential future host of the Rural Access Library, hence paving the way for long-term quality, sustainability and transferability of the repository. This inception report sets out the overall objectives and approach to the project, together with the activities that are planned in order to meet those objectives. It provides a summary of the findings from initial meetings between ReCAP and consultants, We Are Potential Limited, and any proposed changes to the project activities arising.
pdfScoping Study for a ReCAP Massive Open Online Course (or MOOC series)Inception ReportNadya MundoBarrett, K.;Gaible, E.2018There are several topics within the realm of the ReCAP research strategies that would be appropriate for a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). This scoping study explores technology solutions in support of distance learning and knowledge sharing. The key target groups for (a) ReCAP MOOC(s) are Africa- and Asia-based rural road and transport services researchers and students, their institutions, and transport decision makers at national, regional and local levels. The outcome of this scoping study is a full implementation plan for a MOOC, or similar technology-driven solution, to facilitate knowledge management and promote learning. This report covers the Inception phase and includes a MOOC literature review.
pdfImplementing a GIS Based Methodology for Determining Highly Vulnerable Rural Access Roads to a Changing Climate in EthiopiaCSIRArnold, K.; Roux, A. le; Khuluse-Makhanya, S.2018Climate-related risks are the major driver of hunger and food insecurity in Ethiopia, with the majority of poor communities being most vulnerable to their impacts. Improved rural accessibility is vital to reducing the number of highly vulnerable communities, and increasing rural resilience. In this paper, a geospatial indicator-based risk and vulnerability assessment method was applied as a tool for determining rural access roads that are highly vulnerable to changing climate in Ethiopia. The assessment is intended to help guide, through prioritisation, the identification of highly vulnerable areas where appropriate climate adaptation measures would be most effective in reducing the impacts of climate variability and change.
pdfCall for Abstracts - 9th Africa T2 Conference 2019ASANRA; ANEASANRA2018This is the call for papers for the 9th Africa Transport Technology Transfer Conference 2019, organised by ASANRA and hosted by ANE.
pdfDevelopment of Pavement and Geometric Design Standards for Low Volume Roads (Rural and Urban) In ZambiaInception ReportInfraAfrica (Pty) LtdPinard, M. I.;Rolt, J.;Hongve, J.;Rattray, S.;Ribbens, H.;Garner, D.;Mukandila, E.2018The ReCAP-supported project for the Development of Pavement and Geometric Design Standards for Low Volume Roads (Rural and Urban) in Zambia is being undertaken in five stages. This report covers the first three stages: 1 (kick off), 2 (recruitment of the Expert Team) and 3 (inception workshop), which have all been completed. The report also includes a comprehensive literature review. The development of the Pavement Design Manual will follow a similar approach adopted for other manuals produced previously under ReCAP, with the one exception that the Zambian manual will be divided into two parts, namely: Part A: Rural Roads, and Part B: Urban Roads (Streets).
pdfRural Access and Transport and the SDGsReCAP PMUAbedin, M.2018Presentation held at the Asian Development Bank Transport Forum 2018, special session on Rural Roads - Rural Access and Transport.
pdfRural Transport Research in Support of the Sustainable Development GoalsReCAP Technical PanelCook, J.2018Presentation held at the 2018 Asian Development Bank Forum; special session on Rural Roads – Rural Access and Transport
pdfRetaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector ExpertsInception ReportTransaidSilva, A.;Clark, S.2018The project Retaining Rural Access Knowledge of Experienced Rural Transport Sector Experts was awarded to Transaid in April 2018, with the objective of mapping, documenting and storing the knowledge of senior rural transport experts, packaging this knowledge into electronic formats appropriate for dissemination to a wider audience. The project will produce short films based on core themes and will feature interviews with the selected experts. In addition, the short films will link to the key published materials of each of the targeted senior rural transport experts. This report presents the results of the Inception Phase, namely: the detailed project work plan, the details of the knowledge acquisition methodology and approach, and a list of proposed rural transport experts for participation in this assignment. The report also includes the key challenges observed during this phase and concludes by detailing the next steps.
pdfReCAP Brand AuditInception ReportMercury Group LtdAcum, A.;Taylor, S.2018ReCAP (Research for Community Access Partnership) brings together current and former DFID-funded research programmes in rural roads and transport services. Four years into the project, ReCAP would like to have a better understanding of the current status of brand awareness, identity and online presence for the three brands. For this purpose ReCAP tendered a brand audit. The brand audit will be delivered through a seven-stage process as follows: i. Desk research, ii. Familiarisation, iii. Stakeholder mapping and consultation, iv. Touchpoints and personas, v. Online presence assessment, vi. Assessment of brand framework, vii. Vision and mission of the ReCAP, AsCAP and AfCAP programmes. This report covers the inception phase of the brand audit.
pdfCapacity Building and Mentorship for the Establishment and Implementation of Monitoring & Evaluation Programmes on Experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Sections in Six African Countries and MyanmarReport on Initial Visit to MyanmarCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Pinard, M. I.2018The Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) is providing support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to collect performance-based data from existing trial/demonstration road sections. The data will provide evidence for the development of appropriate specifications for Low Volume Roads. Monitoring is being carried out in accordance with existing ReCAP draft regional guidelines for the monitoring of experimental road sections, which will be updated under the project. The CDS advisory team visited Myanmar from 7th – 13th July 2018. The team met staff of the Ministry of Works (MOW) and the Department for Rural Road Development (DRRD) and assisted them to establish four monitoring sections on the TGI 1 Road near Tuanggyi in Shan State. The monitoring of these sections will not provide evidence for developing new specifications for low volume roads in Myanmar, but they provide a useful training site for RDU staff on the establishment of monitoring sections and conducting most of the standard measurements and tests.
pdfCapacity Building and Mentorship for the Establishment and Implementation of Monitoring & Evaluation Programmes on Experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Sections in Six African Countries and MyanmarField Visit Report No. 1Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.2018The Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) is providing support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to collect performance-based data from existing trial/demonstration road sections. The data will provide evidence for the establishment of appropriate specifications for Low Volume Roads. Monitoring is being carried out in accordance with existing guidelines for the establishment and monitoring of experimental and LTPP sections, which will be updated under the project. The CDS advisory team visited Malawi, Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia in May 2018 to meet the participating roads agency staff and the local consultants, visit a selection of roads earmarked for monitoring, and assess monitoring work already carried out. Discussions were held on the selection of monitoring sections, implementation of the monitoring protocols, the programme of monitoring activities, and the reporting requirements of the project.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementProgress Report 5Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Lema, C.;Bopoto, C.;Gongera, K.;Muhia, G.;Haule, J.2018The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) is providing technical assistance to foster improvements in asset management performance in selected rural road agencies in four countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The four countries participating are Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone and the Western Cape region of South Africa. Project activities in the period February to April 2017 included visits by the GEM Advisory Team to all the participating countries and participation in a meeting of AfCAP regional project team leaders in Pretoria. A meeting was held with the sector stakeholders in Lusaka to discuss funding constraints for road maintenance. Data describing the status of asset management in the project areas at end of 2017 has been analysed and compared to the baseline of 2016. This analysis shows that there is progress with addressing shortcomings in road asset management in the project areas, but such progress is being constrained by the failure of central government to allocate adequate funds for road maintenance. There is a need to strengthen policy and practice at the national level for the management of maintenance funds, and to identify new sources of revenue.
pdfCapacity Building and Mentorship for the Establishment and Implementation of Monitoring & Evaluation Programmes on Experimental and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Sections in Six African Countries and MyanmarInception ReportIMC Worldwide; Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaDangare, F.;Geddes, R.2018The Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) is providing support to Road Research Centres (RRC) in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to collect performance-based data from existing trial/demonstration road sections. The data will provide evidence for the establishment of appropriate specifications for Low Volume Roads. The road sections are being monitored and evaluated in terms of the pavement design, materials and surfacing, drainage design, geometric design, road safety and performance under traffic. Monitoring is being carried out in accordance with existing guidelines for the establishment and monitoring of experimental and LTPP sections, which will be updated under the project. This report covers the Inception phase of the project, which included a visit by the CDS advisory team to Malawi, Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia in May 2018 to meet the participating roads agency staff and the local consultants, visit a selection of roads earmarked for monitoring, and assess monitoring work already carried out.
pdfDevelopment and Support to the implementation of a Strategic Plan for the Establishment of Sustainable Road Research Capacity in MalawiFinal ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.;Roux, M.2018Cognisant of the need to strengthen road research capacity in the country, the Government of Malawi, through the Roads Authority, requested for technical support from AfCAP for the activities to develop and support the implementation of a Strategic Plan for the establishment of sustainable road research capacity building programme in the country. This Strategic Plan was developed through consultative meetings and workshops with key stakeholders in the road sector. Outcomes of the situational assessment are presented, identifying the gaps. The linkage of the Strategic Plan to national transport policy framework is established. Institutional arrangements, including actions plans with time-lines are presented for the implementation and operationalization of the programme to ensure sustainable road research capacity building in Malawi.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transportDraft Country Discussion Paper TanzaniaAmend; Transaid; TRL Ltd.Bishop, T.;Barber, C.;Mwaipopo, H.2018The initial findings of the Tanzanian component of this four-country study have revealed just how important motorcycle taxis are to people living in rural areas of Tanzania. However, there are also very real safety concerns. While riders and passengers face the risk of crashes and personal security threats, this does not stop people from using motorcycle taxis. The alternative modes of transport available in rural areas – often only walking and cycling – cannot compare in terms of benefits. The results of the survey can be used by policy makers and the government to better understand the issues in rural areas and identify areas for targeted intervention.
pdfGuideline for the Use of Cinder Gravels in Pavement Layers for Low Volume RoadsEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Ethiopian Roads Authority2018This Guideline has been produced with the aim of promoting a better understanding of cinder gravels and extending their potential use in the provision of low volume roads for the benefit of rural communities. This Guideline should be used in close conjunction with the Ethiopian Low Volume Roads Manual Part B 2017.
pdfInvestigation of the use of Cinder Gravels in Pavement Layers for Low Volume RoadsFInal ReportTRL Ltd.Hearn, G.;Otto, A.;Greening, A.2018This report describes the activities carried out in the delivery of the project in Ethiopia on the use of cinder gravels, the main findings, the challenges faced, and recommendations for how similar projects might be carried out in the future. The report has also identifies areas of further research to be conducted as an outcome of this study. A reluctance to use these materials in the past has stemmed from the view that their properties, in terms of grading and CBR strength, are marginal and highly variable when compared to specifications for road materials. A programme of engineering geological investigation, sampling and laboratory testing illustrates the variability in the engineering properties of cinder gravels and provides recommendations for sampling, selection and appropriate use. Guidelines and recommendations for use of cinder gravels have been produced.
pdfRegional Capacity Building and Training Services on Use of the DCP Pavement Design Method for Low Volume Sealed RoadsAnnexes G, H and I to Final Training ReportInfraAfrica (Pty) LtdPinard, M. I.;Paige-Green, P.2018Annexes G,H and I to the Final Training Report of the regional capacity building on DCP pavement design for Low Volume Sealed roads in Asia cover the course evaluation questionnaire and outcomes.
pdfRegional Capacity Building and Training Services on Use of the DCP Pavement Design Method for Low Volume Sealed RoadsAnnexes A to D to Final Training ReportInfraAfrica (Pty) LtdPinard, M. I.;Paige-Green, P.2018Annexes A to D to the Final Training Report of the regional capacity building on DCP pavement design for Low Volume Sealed roads in Asia cover the workshop information note, workshop programme, list of delegates and opening remarks by the Nepali host.
pdfRegional Capacity Building and Training Services on Use of the DCP Pavement Design Method for Low Volume Sealed RoadsFinal Training ReportInfraAfrica (Pty) LtdPinard, M. I.;Paige-Green, P.2018As part of its capacity building initiative in the AsCAP region, ReCAP supported a 6-day Basic Level training workshop that was held in Kathmandu, Nepal from 28th May to 2nd June, 2018. The main objective of the workshop was to expose delegates to the latest developments in the environmentally optimized design of low volume sealed roads in which the DCP-DN method is a central aspect. The workshop was attended by 30 delegates from the five AsCAP countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaFourth Quarterly Progress ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); Paige-Green Consulting; St Helens ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Paige-Green, P.;Komba, J.;Maritz, J.;Arnold, K.2018 In order to help address the significant threat to Africa's development climate change poses, the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) has commissioned a two-phased project to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. This fourth Quarterly Progress Report outlines the progress that has been made over the period from March 2018 to May 2018. It primarily focusses on the following seven activities/events: (a) progress on the establishment of demonstration sections; (b) feedback on the embedment workshop and meetings held in Mozambique; (c) improvements to the Engineering Adaptation Guidelines; (d) status of the country reports; and (e) knowledge dissemination.
pdfThe Use of Appropriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition Analysis, with a Focus on Satellite ImageryFinal ReportTRL Ltd.; AirbusWorkman, R.2018This project was designed to look to the future for road management in Africa and explore different and innovative cost-effective solutions to well established problems related to a lack of knowledge of rural road networks. This Final Report provides an overview of the project activities carried out and the results obtained. There are two main aspects to the project, the high-tech solutions to increase knowledge of low volume rural road networks and the assessment of road condition using high resolution satellite imagery. Trials were undertaken in five countries. A Guideline has been produced, which clearly sets out the situations where this methodology can be used, and where it would not be appropriate. There is good potential for automation of the visual imagery assessment process.
pdfPilot study to collect more robust accident data for Sierra Leone2nd Workshop ReportCentre for Transport and Logistics (CTL) Sapienza University; FRED EngineeringTripodi, A.2018The pilot study to collect more robust accident data for Sierra Leone aims to set up a methodology for road traffic crash data collection using sample data on a pilot basis, and to develop and implement an electronic data management system for road traffic crash data storage, analysis and retrieval for Low Volume Roads. This report provides an overview of the stakeholder workshop held in Freetown on 16th July 2018 (hosted by Sierra Leone Road Safety Authority) to present and get approval for the accident data management system. The system has been adapted to the local conditions of the country and to the needs expressed by the stakeholders. Outcomes of the workshop also allowed the team to further refine the road traffic crash data collection forms proposed in the project to better fit with the needs of the police force.
pdfDevelopment of Low Volume Road design manuals and update of standard specifications and detailed drawings for three AfCAP member countries in West AfricaSecond Workshop ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Goldie-Scot, H.2018The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) is funding the preparation of manuals for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) for three AfCAP member countries in the West Africa sub-region. These are Liberia, Sierra Leone and Ghana. This report covers a second stakeholder workshop held in Sierra Leone on 29th and 30th January 2018 and in Ghana on 1st and 2nd February 2018. The purpose of these workshops was to consolidate stakeholder engagement in determining, for each manual, the most appropriate scope and style and to verify the relevance of the manual content.
pdfThe Use of Appropriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition Analysis, with a Focus on Satellite ImageryTanzania ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.2018This report assesses the suitability of some technologies used in the high-tech solutions project to the road network in Tanzania. An extension was granted to test the methodology in an appropriate environment and in a roll-out scenario for a specific situation, as defined by the Roads Fund Board (RFB). A guideline has been completed and is available on the ReCAP website, which outlines potential high-tech solutions, and gives specific guidance on the inventory and condition assessment methodology from satellite imagery and the situations in which it should and should not be used. Guidance is also provided on how different technologies can work together. The satellite imagery has been procured, the ground truthing was completed using existing data and videos for the two sites and the training was undertaken from 9 to 13 April 2018, in Dar es Salaam. The RFB invited the participants to the training and it was held at Ardhi University. This report assesses the relevance of the methodology to Tanzania and is based on the results of the training, training exercises, feedback from workshops held at the training and formal course feedback.
pdfThe Use of Appropriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition Analysis, with a Focus on Satellite ImageryDraft Interim Trials ReportTRL Ltd.; AirbusWorkman, R.;Otto, A.;Irving, A.2017The project investigates potential uses of appropriate and cost-effective high-tech solutions in helping LICs to improve their knowledge of the location and condition of their rural road networks. This interim trials report provides an update on the project activities. The majority of the trials have been focused on the satellite condition assessment using satellite imagery, which is being implemented in all four countries, Ghana, Kenya, Uganda and Zambia. Other high-tech solutions have been investigated but no trials have yet been completed. Training has been completed in two countries, and three have finished the ground truthing. Zambia has completed an initial assessment by satellite and has analysed the results, but there is not yet enough analysed data to make any overall conclusions. It is hoped that all countries will complete their training and analysis within the next month, and some conclusions and recommendations can be made in the final trials report, due at the end of March 2017.
pdfEvaluation of the cost-beneficial improvement of first mile access on small-scale farming and agricultural marketingProgress Statement No 2TRL Ltd.; International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Workman, R.;Otto, A.;Njenga, P.;Muhia, G.;Willilo, S.2018The AfCAP project on the Evaluation of cost-beneficial improvements of First Mile access is concerned with research into measures for improvement of ‘First Mile' access and the transport services associated with transferring harvest produce on the initial stages of movement from the farm to established road access. This report is the second progress statement. To date the research has undertaken a review of previous work on First Mile access and wider literature, defined the research questions and scope of work, held stakeholder workshops in Kenya and Tanzania, identified research sites in both countries, and commenced initial data collection. The research is currently in Phase 3, which is the data collection phase. This report presents progress made up to the 31st March 2018.
pdfCinder Gravels Workshop at the iTRARR Conference-Mombasa, Kenya, - June 2018Workshop ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Hearn, G.2018This report provides a brief overview of the presentations made by A Otto and G Hearn in the framework of AfCAP sponsored workshop on cinder gravels at the iTRARR conference 2018 in Mombasa, Kenya. These presentations concerned the AfCAP-funded research undertaken on the use of cinder gravel in the low volume road sector in Ethiopia between January 2016 and February 2018.
pdfEngineering geology of cinder gravel in Ethiopia: prospecting, testing and application to low-volume roadsHearn, G.;Otto, A.;Greening, A.;Endale, A.;Etefa, D.2018Journal Article published in the Bulleting of Engineering Geology and the Environment. Permanent url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-018-1333-3 Expansion of the rural road network in Ethiopia requires the availability of low-cost materials for road construction, including capping layer and subgrade improvement, sub-base, base course, gravel wearing course and bituminised surface treatment. A reluctance to use cinder gravels for these purposes in the past has stemmed from the view that their properties, in terms of grading and CBR strength, are marginal and highly variable when compared to international specifications for road works. The geographical variability in Ethiopian cinder gravel geochemistry and engineering properties is described and comparisons are made with engineering geological field descriptions and cinder cone morphology, leading to the conclusion that maars and steep-sided, well-defined cones tend to yield the better-quality materials. The performance of trial sections of road constructed using cinder gravel is assessed and combined with the results of laboratory testing to develop a guideline for the wider use of the material in roadworks, either directly or through processes of blending, alternative compaction methods and cement stabilisation to yield a product that can be considered "fit for purpose" for a range of uses in low-volume road construction.
pdfLaunch, Training and Dissemination of the Kenya Low Volume Roads Pavement Design GuidelineLaunch and Training ReportTRL Ltd.Otto, A.2018This report provides a brief overview of the launch, training and dissemination of the Pavement Design Guideline for Low Volume Sealed Roads for Kenya. The Guideline was developed to assist Kenya in its low volume roads expansion programme dubbed ‘Roads 10000'. It was produced through a consultative and joint effort between various stakeholders supported by AfCAP. The Guideline was published in April 2017. It was launched by the Principal Secretary Ministry of Transport, Infrastructure, Housing and Urban Development on 21st June 2018 at the Crowne Plaza Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya.
pdfInteractions between improved rural access infrastructure and transport services provisionInception ReportTRL Ltd.Starkey, P.;Hine, J.;Workman, R.;Otto, A.2018ReCAP has contracted TRL to research and disseminate how investments in low-volume rural roads (LVRR) impact rural transport services (RTS) and the mobility of people and their goods. The resulting guidelines for improving the LVRR provision-preservation-access continuum should assist authorities to have a more integrated approach to planning, designing and implementing rural access infrastructure investments and rural transport services provision. This should contribute towards the improved mobility of rural communities and socio-economic development. The Phase 1 research will involve reviews of the literature and analyses of existing datasets, and planning for subsequent phases. The report details the team's approach to the LVRR and RTS issues with relevant tables of key parameters, including external issues affecting traffic and transport services. The research will depend on obtaining transport services data which is scarce, as transport services authorities seldom have reliable LVRR data and roads authorities often only undertake traffic counts. The report indicates how a conceptual framework for delivering the subsequent data collection phase will be developed, and provides a preliminary stakeholder analysis, as well as an initial country-based situation analysis. The report provides suggestions for the forthcoming workshop and its timing.
pdfRural Mobility and Socio-Economic Baseline Pilot Study in LiberiaInception ReportUniversity of BirminghamBopoto, C.;Burrow, M.2018There is a growing need to measure the impact of these rural access investments on livelihood opportunities and poverty reduction, and to measure the socio-economic benefits accruing to project beneficiaries. To this end, the Liberian Ministry of Public Works (MPW) is to establish a Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for assessing the socio-economic impacts of rural road improvement projects. The system is being established with the assistance of the Liberian Swedish Feeder Roads Project (LSFRP) funded by the Swedish Government and the ReCAP programme through a pilot study to be undertaken with the guidance of the University of Birmingham. This Inception Report presents activities undertaken to date as part of the pilot study, and those still to be undertaken, by the University of Birmingham and outlines the study methodology and programme of activities. The report also indicates the planned outlay of resources to achieve the study objectives, confirms the project management structure as well as updates the current risk profile of the study.
pdfGuideline on the use of high tech solutions for road network inventory and condition analysis in AfricaTRL Ltd.; AirbusTRL Ltd.;Airbus2017This guideline is the result of two research projects that have focused on high tech solutions for increasing the knowledge of road networks, with a focus on inventory and condition assessment from satellite imagery. The projects are: - Transport Infrastructure Monitoring project: Funded by the Satellite Applications Catapult and implemented in Nigeria in 2013/14; - The use of appropriate high-tech solutions for road network and condition analysis, with a focus on satellite imagery: Funded by AfCAP (DFID) and trialled in Ghana, Kenya, Uganda and Zambia in 2016/17. The guideline is presented in two parts, an overall guide to the range of high-tech solutions that are, and could be, used to increase knowledge of road networks in Africa; and a detailed methodology for assessing road condition from satellite imagery.
pdfThe Use of Appropriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition Analysis, with a Focus on Satellite ImageryTechnical Status ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.2017The project investigates potential uses of appropriate and cost-effective high-tech solutions in helping LICs to improve their knowledge of the location and condition of their rural road networks. This report assesses the current situation of the high-tech solutions project. The main research has been completed, but an extension is under way in Tanzania to test methodology. So far certain conclusions have been drawn that the system, and the Tanzania trials will test it in a roll-out scenario guideline has been completed and is available on the ReCAP solutions, and give specific guidance on the inventory and from satellite imagery. Guidance is also provided on how different technologies can work together.
pdfThe Use of Appropriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition Analysis, with a Focus on Satellite ImageryInterim Progress Report No. 3TRL Ltd.Workman, R.2017The project investigates potential uses of appropriate and cost-effective high-tech solutions in helping LICs to improve their knowledge of the location and condition of their rural road networks. This 3rd progress report shows the progress on deliverables during Phase 2, which is the research trials part of the project. Activities undertaken so far: Imagery has been procured for all countries; Zambia, Uganda and Ghana completed their ground truthing; Training has been carried out in Zambia, Uganda and Ghana; the methodology is in the process of being revised to suit the existing processes in each country.
pdfPilot study to collect more robust accident data for Sierra LeoneInception ReportCentre for Transport and Logistics (CTL) Sapienza University; FRED EngineeringTripodi, A.2018The pilot study to collect more robust accident data for Sierra Leone aims to set up a methodology for road traffic crash data collection using sample data on a pilot basis, and to develop and implement an electronic data management system for road traffic crash data storage, analysis and retrieval for Low Volume Roads. This inception report provides an overview of the organisation of consultations with the main Sierra Leone stakeholders involved in the road traffic crash process.
pdfPromotion of Sustainable Rural Access in the Implementation of the 2030 Global Agenda on Sustainable DevelopmentFinal ReportPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)SLoCaT2018From November 2016 to May 2018, the Partnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT) has implemented a project commissioned by the UK Aid-funded Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) to promote sustainable rural access as a viable component of the implementation strategies for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and to ensure its inclusion in the high-level, multi-lateral discourse on sustainable transport and rural development. This final report provides an overview of the results of the three workstreams under this project: 1) Advocacy and Outreach; 2) Global and Regional Dialogues; and 3) Operationalization of SDGs. The development of a set of key messages was vital to provide a solid foundation guiding the overall directions of the outputs of the project. The project helped to significantly increase awareness and recognition about rural transport and research among national governments, multilateral agencies, and other relevant stakeholders.
pdfComparison of Cost-Effectiveness and Value-for-Money of DCP-DN Pavement Design Method for Low-Volume Roads in Comparison with Conventional DesignsInception ReportPinard, M. I.;van Zyl, G.2018The main purpose of the project is essentially to evaluate road sections designed in a number of African countries using the DCP-DN method in terms of cost-effectiveness and value-for-money. This Inception Report describes the initial phase of the project which principally reviewed the background to the project and carried out a desk study of alternative methods of LVR pavement design as a basis for selecting three CBR-based methods that are commonly used in the Sub-Saharan African region for comparison with the DCP-DN method by means of a life-cycle cost analysis. The report also presents the approach and methodology to be adopted for addressing the overall aims of the project.
pdfPilot study to collect more robust accident data for Sierra LeoneReport on the Framework for Accident Data Collection and ManagementCentre for Transport and Logistics (CTL) Sapienza University; FRED EngineeringCentre for Transport and Logistics (CTL) Sapienza University;FRED Engineering2018The pilot study to collect more robust accident data for Sierra Leone aims to set up a methodology for road traffic crash data collection using sample data on a pilot basis, and to develop and implement an electronic data management system for road traffic crash data storage, analysis and retrieval for Low Volume Roads. This report provides a description of outcomes from: recommended options for road traffic crash data collection suited to the needs of Sierra Leone; proposed framework for pilot road traffic crash data collection under the project; outline of proposed accident data management systems. Based on an assessment of current practices adopted in Sierra Leone for Road Traffic Crash collection, management and analysis, a set of recommended options for future practices can be defined.
pdfTrial sections on Low Volume RoadsBook of DrawingsRoad Development Agency (RDA), ZambiaRoad Development Agency Zambia2018This is the book of drawings pertaining to AfCAP project ZAM2097A Design, Construction, Supervision and Baseline Monitoring of Trial Sections on Low Volume Roads in Zambia.
pdfTraining-of-trainers in the use of the DCP-DN pavement design method in MalawiTraining Report Course 3Hongve, J.;Mukandila, E.2018The Roads Authority (RA) wishes to expand and embed the use of the DCP-DN Design Method for cost-effective design of Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) in Malawi. A project has been designed to undertake Training-of-trainers (ToT) for up to fifteen (15) candidates that have previously been trained up to an intermediate level of proficiency. The last of the three planned courses for the Trainee Trainers (TT) was conducted over two weeks from 12th to 23rd February, 2018. The outcome of the three ToT Courses was deemed to be satisfactory with two TTs – one from Zambia and one from Uganda – being recommended to be certified as Lead Trainers and six TTs – all from Malawi being recommended to be certified as Assistant Trainers.
pdfPutting Rural Transport on the agenda for multi-lateral development – Lessons from AsiaFinal ReportO'Neill, P.2018A Rural Transport pre-event was organised between ReCAP, SLoCaT, the UN Economic Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), the UN Centre for Regional Development (UNCRD) and the Lao PDR government, ahead of the 10th Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) Forum for Asia, in March 2017. Following this capacity building pre-event, the EST Forum itself culminated in the adoption of the Vientiane Declaration on Sustainable Rural Transport towards achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Based on the successful example in Asia, this Report explores for ReCAP the option to support a similar process in the African region. The Report examines how ReCAP can influence the appropriate actors and stakeholders in the African region and play a catalysing role, providing research evidence to support the process. The Report provides lessons learnt in elevating the topic of rural transport and rural access to the agenda of the multilateral development discourse in Asia, in particular, the experience of the EST Forum for Asia. The analysis within the Report includes an assessment of the transferability of the lessons to other global regions, in particular Africa.
pdfTraining-of-Trainers Programme for participants from Ghana, Sierra Leone and Liberia in the use of the DCP-DN Pavement Design MethodConstruction Report 2Hongve, J.;Mukendi, K.;Paige-Green, P.;Pinard, M. I.2018The objective of the DCP-DN pavement design and construction of the Trial Section is to compare the performance of the Trial Section with that of the Control Section, which has been designed using the existing DFR feeder roads design standards, and thus to provide inputs for the adoption of more appropriate LVSR design standards in Ghana. This report covers a site visit by AfCAP service providers in March 2018 and provides recommendations for the improved construction of the trial sections.
pdfScaling up Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport: Policies, Practices, Impacts and Monitoring ProcessesDissmination ReportInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Njenga, P.2018This report provides an overview of the dissemination activities conducted for this ‘Scaling up Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport' project. It reports on the research pathways to dissemination through electronic media, stakeholder events, and publication of findings; and brings the project to a closure, with the only outstanding milestone being the publication of the cluster of projects on Gender Mainstreaming in the Rural Transport Sector, in a special issue of a high-profile, peer-reviewed Journal.
pdfEstablishment of Tractor-based road works Demonstration-Training Unit in ZambiaEquipment Evaluation ReportIntech Associates; Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.;Petts, I.2018Chongwe District in Zambia has been selected as the location for a Tractor Technology Demonstration and Training Unit (DTU). This report describes the initial project activities with regard to reviewing the Intermediate Technology Equipment needs of the Tractor Technology Demonstration Training Unit. The purpose of this project is to embark on implementation of the recommendations of the scoping study carried out in 2016, in a phased manner. This is a capacity building project that seeks to introduce a cost-effective and sustainable approach to rural road maintenance by using tractor-based technologies already successfully applied in a number of countries in the region. Training of a whole range of personnel from the District, contractors' and engineering firms as well as staff from the Road Development Agency (RDA) of Zambia and local authorities will be a key element of the project.
pdfReview of Low Volume Rural Road Standards and Specifications in MyanmarFinal ReportDingen, R.;Cook, J.2018The Review of Rural Road Standards and Specifications in Myanmar project, implemented in the framework of the Asia Community Access Partnership (AsCAP), is the first phase of a two-staged project. This report provides a record of activities completed in Phase 1, comprising a gap analyses of low volume rural road standards and specifications, following a review of existing Myanmar standards and standards and specifications used in the region and elsewhere. The report identifies possible refinements of the existing standards and specifications, and recommends on the development of a LVRR Manual for Myanmar during Phase 2.
pdfFirst Monitoring Report for 4 Low- Volume Sealed Roads in KenyaFinal ReportAcross AfricaWaswa, A.2018AfCAP has been asked by the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure (MoTI) through the Materials Testing and Research Department (MTRD) and the Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA), to support research on utilization of non-standard materials for Low Volume Sealed Road (LVSR) pavements. As part of this process trial sections have been constructed on roads in various locations in Kenya for research purposes. The first monitoring round was conducted on four road sections. The surfacing of the roads showed varied performance. The roads also behaved differently in as far as rutting is concerned. Traffic experienced in all the roads was varied as well from previous survey. However, this could be attributed to the political activities during the time of the survey.
pdfBaseline Survey Report for 11 Low- Volume Sealed Roads in KenyaFinal ReportAcross AfricaWaswa, A.2018AfCAP has been asked by the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure (MoTI) through the Materials Testing and Research Department (MTRD) and the Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA), to support research on utilization of non-standard materials for Low Volume Sealed Road (LVSR) pavements. As part of this process trial sections have been constructed on roads in various locations in Kenya for research purposes.The baseline survey sought to investigate 11 trial sections to determine the performance of the nonstandard construction materials used on the roads. This report contains a detailed account of all the investigative tests that were carried out to measure the performance of the eleven roads. These include traffic surveys, rut depth measurements, deflection measurements, DCP tests, moisture content determination, roughness measurements, trial pit sampling and standard soils tests, and visual condition assessment. This is followed by the results, mostly presented in tables and graphs. The challenges encountered during the exercise are also discussed. The roads showed very low base course CBR values and will thus provide a good opportunity in determining threshold values of the base course CBR for low volume sealed roads. The deflection/ stiffness of the pavements was highly variable along the section lengths. The surfacing on all the roads is cold mix asphalt. They show varied performance with the majority performing very well and others showing cracks, most likely attributed to weakness of the base and ravelling attributed to construction problems.
pdfReCAP Status Review of the Updated Rural Access IndexSuM4All RAWG presentationCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaVincent, S.2018Presentation held at the SUM4All Rural Access Working Group meeting in May 2018, summarising the outcomes of the ReCAP status review of the updated Rural Access Index (RAI).
pdfDevelopment of a Strategic Plan for the Establishment of Sustainable Road Research Capacity in the Research Division of Offices des Routes (OdR) in the DR CongoAnnex 1 to Final ReportSMEC Holdings LimitedSMEC Holdings Limited2018AfCAP has entrusted the Consultant 'SMEC' with the Development of a Strategic Plan for the Implementation of a Sustainable Road Research Capacity in the Research Division of Office des Routes (OdR) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This report is Annex 1 to the Final Report of March 2018; it concerns the database.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in the Motorcycle Taxi Sector in Rural Sierra Leone and LiberiaFinal ReportSwansea University, UKPeters, K.;Mokuwa, E.;Richards, P.;Jenkins, J.2018This Final Report on the ‘Gender Mainstreaming in the Motorcycle Taxi Sector in rural Sierra Leone and Liberia' project provides a background and context to the study, discusses the selected data collection tools, elaborates on the field data collection process and presents the key findings and policy recommendations that were obtained. The introduction and spread of motorcycle taxis in rural areas in Sierra Leone and Liberia have radically changed access and mobility for villagers. Rural women benefit strongly from this development, but motorcycle taxi operators are almost all males. However, in both countries there is a significant group of women who indicate a willingness and interest in becoming motorcycle taxi operators. A substantial part of the male population would be supportive of this, our study found. However, a number of obstacles were identified in realising this, with the unwillingness of businessmen to lease motorcycles – the most common way for operators to obtain a motorcycle – to women being perhaps the largest. Whether or not motorcycle taxis will become female operated as well, the positive contribution they have made to the lives and livelihoods of rural women is significant.
pdfEstablishment of Road Research Capacity in BangladeshBusiness Plan for First Five Years of OperationCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2018This document presents the Business Plan for the first five years of operation of the Research and Development Unit (RDU) of the Local Government Engineering Department (LGED). The Business Plan is expected to evolve over time in line with the shifting views and expectations of LGED under the Local Government Division of the Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives, and the realities associated with the physical establishment of the RDU. The Business Plan addresses: (a) the vision, mission, goal and strategic objectives of the RDU; (b) governance issues, including the role and responsibilities of the Steering Committee, the institutional and physical location of the RDU, sources of funding, key performance indicators, and strategic relationships and linkages; (c) potential research areas, which future revision and prioritisation will be guided by a Research and Development Advisory Committee (RDAC); (d) capacitation of the RDU in terms of human resources; and (e) knowledge management, inclusive of information transfer. In addition to the above, an indicative budget is proposed that will have to be reassessed following the physical establishment of the RDU.
pdfEstablishment of Road Research Capacity in MyanmarRDU Business Plan for First Five Years of OperationCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2018This document presents the Business Plan for the first five years of operation of the Research and Development Unit (RDU) of the Department of Rural Road Development (DRRD). The Business Plan is expected to evolve over time in line with the shifting views and expectations of the DRRD under the Ministry of Construction (MOC), and the realities associated with the physical establishment of the RDU. The Business Plan addresses: (a) the vision, mission, goal and strategic objectives of the RDU; (b) governance issues, including the role and responsibilities of the Steering Committee, the institutional and physical location of the RDU, sources of funding, key performance indicators, and strategic relationships and linkages; (c) the short to medium-term research agenda of the RDU, which future revisions will be guided by a Rural Road Research Technical Committee (RRRTC); (d) capacitation of the RDU in terms of human resources and research infrastructure; and (e) knowledge management, inclusive of information transfer. In addition to the above, an indicative budget is proposed that will have to be reassessed following the physical establishment of the RDU. This plan has been replaced by an updated version in 2020 under the AsCAP project MYA2153A.
pdfEstablishment of Road Research Capacity in NepalRDS Business Plan for First Five Years of OperationCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2018This document presents the Business Plan for the first five years of operation of the Research and Development Section (RDS) of the Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads (DoLIDAR). The Business Plan is expected to evolve over time in line with the shifting views and expectations of DoLIDAR under the Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development (MoFALD), and the realities associated with the physical establishment of the RDS. The Business Plan addresses: (a) the vision, mission, goal and strategic objectives of the RDS; (b) governance issues, including the role and responsibilities of the Steering Committee, the institutional and physical location of the RDS, sources of funding, key performance indicators, and strategic relationships and linkages; (c) potential research areas, which future revision and prioritisation will be guided by a Research and Development Technical Committee (RDTC); (d) capacitation of the RDS in terms of human resources; and (e) knowledge management, inclusive of information transfer. In addition to the above, an indicative budget is proposed that will have to be reassessed following the physical establishment of the RDS.
pdfMonitoring and Evaluation of Low Volume Roads Trial Sections in EthiopiaSecond Monitoring ReportAlert Engineering; Hitcon EngineeringAraya, A. A.;Chali, H.2018The Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) through the Roads Research Centre (RRC) of the Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA) has constructed research sections with the aim of obtaining data that will assist in the rapid expansion of the sealed low-volume roads network. As part of this process the constructed trial sections require periodic monitoring and evaluation. The main objective of this report is to present the second monitoring and evaluation of the demonstration/research trials with particular reference given to the monitoring activities undertaken, the status and conditions of the trial section together with current measurements. The report provides details about the general site description and location of the four trail section projects, pavement structure types and section descriptions. Moreover the report consists of a brief discussion about the works performed and their indications and analysis and outcomes of the pavement evaluation performed during the monitoring period.
pdfLow Volume Rural Roads Standards and Specifications in MyanmarReview Workshop ReportDingen, R.;Sann, T.2018This Review Study in Myanmar is the first phase of a two-phased project: Phase 1 – Review study to identify and comment on the existing specifications and standards and Phase 2 – Development of improved rural road standards and specifications and design guidelines. This study is managed and funded by AsCAP on behalf of the Department of Rural Road Development (DRRD) in the Ministry of Construction. The aim is to develop a Myanmar specific Design Manual with appropriate low volume rural road standards and specifications. The purpose of this report is to record the proceedings of the Review Workshop held in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, on 24 January 2018. The workshop presented the findings of the review of existing standards and specifications, discussed the need for diversification and further refinement of standards and specifications and outlined the way forward, towards the development of a Design Manual.
pdfStatus Review of the Updated Rural Access Index (RAI)Final ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaVincent, S.2018The Rural Access Index (RAI) was defined in 2005 as the proportion of the rural population living within 2 km of an all-season road. With support from ReCAP, the World Bank developed updated spatial analysis techniques to measure RAI, and trials were carried out in eight ReCAP countries. This status review is intended to address these concerns with a view to accelerating progress with the updated measurement of the RAI. Recommendations made for ReCAP RAI Task Group 2 (TG2), Consolidation and Revision, include a proposed approach for ongoing measurement of the RAI by many more countries as rapidly as possible. Options are also outlined for possible alternative methods of measuring rural accessibility in the future.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementProgress Report 4Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Lema, C.;Bopoto, C.;Gongera, K.;Muhia, G.;Kakiiza, R.;Kome, P.2018The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) is providing technical assistance to foster improvements in asset management performance in selected rural road agencies in four countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The four countries participating are Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone and the Western Cape region of South Africa. This report provides a summary of project activities and progress in the period November 2017 to January 2018. During the reporting period, GEM Advisory Team members visited Uganda for the ReCAP IRIM Conference and the GEM PIT meeting. Team members also visited Tanzania, reported on separately, and Zambia. The purpose of the Tanzania visit was to appraise the Tanzania Rural and Urban Roads Agency (TARURA) and other stakeholders of the tools used by the GEM project to assess performance in rural road asset management and to determine the socio-economic impact to the local communities. The Zambia visit provided the first input in the External Communications Component of GEM. Further discussions have been held within the GEM team on the definition of indicators for monitoring performance in asset management.
pdfDevelopment of a Strategic Plan for the Establishment of Sustainable Road Research Capacity in the Research Division of Offices des Routes (OdR) in the DR CongoAnnex 2 to Final ReportSMEC Holdings LimitedSMEC Holdings Limited2018AfCAP has entrusted the Consultant 'SMEC' with the Development of a Strategic Plan for the Implementation of a Sustainable Road Research Capacity in the Research Division of Office des Routes (OdR) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This report is Annex 2 to the Final Report of March 2018; it details the financing of RRL equipments.
pdfDevelopment of a Strategic Plan for the Establishment of Sustainable Road Research Capacity in the Research Division of Offices des Routes (OdR) in the DR CongoFinal ReportSMEC Holdings LimitedSMEC Holdings Limited2018AfCAP has entrusted the Consultant 'SMEC' with the Development of a Strategic Plan for the Implementation of a Sustainable Road Research Capacity in the Research Division of Office des Routes (OdR) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This report presents the strategic plan developed. In particular, it discusses the specific objectives, mission and organizational framework of the Road Research Center (RRC), as well as the plan for its creation and implementation. This diagram presents the three-phase strategy of the project, including the preparatory phase, the transition-start phase with the technical assistance of AFCAP to effectively change the Research and Development Department (RDD) of the Office des Routes (OdR), ex Research Division, in Road Research Center (RRC), RRC public institution and the operational phase or regular operation of RRC. The transition phase should not exceed three years. It ends with the development of a program of short, medium and long-term actions.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaThird Quarterly Progress ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); Paige-Green Consulting; St Helens ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Paige-Green, P.;Head, M.;Arnold, K.;Roux, M.;Roux, A. le2018In order to help address the significant threat to Africa's development climate change poses, the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) has commissioned a two-phased project to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. This third Quarterly Progress Report outlines the progress that has been made over the period from December 2017 to February 2018. It primarily focusses on the following seven activities/events: (a) progress on the establishment of demonstration sections; (b) further progress made on the development of the climate threat and vulnerability assessment methodology by the embedment of asset management in the methodology; (c) feedback on the workshops held in Ethiopia and Ghana; (d) improvements to the Handbook; (e) status of the country reports, (f) knowledge dissemination; and (g) feedback on the ReCAP Regional Projects Coordination Meeting.
pdfGlobal Mobility Report 2017Tracking sector performanceSum4ALLSum4ALL2017The Global Mobility Report 2017 (GMR), by the Sustainable Mobility for All initiative, is the first-ever attempt to examine performance of the transport sector globally, and its capacity to support the mobility of goods and people, in a sustainable way. The GMR is built around three components: (i) four global objectives that define “sustainable mobility”; (ii) quantitative and qualitative targets for those objectives, drawn from international agreements; and (iii) indicators to track country-level progress towards those objectives. It covers all modes of transport, including road, air, waterborne and rail.
pdfGuideline for the Monitoring of Experimental and LTPP Sections in MozambiqueCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaPaige-Green, P.2017Mozambique urgently requires the upgrading of many rural roads to improve accessibility and mobility. Experience has demonstrated numerous innovative techniques for using or improving local materials and supplying appropriate and cost-effective bituminous surfacings for such roads. It is good practice to construct experimental or demonstration sections that can be monitored over a suitably long period to prove that they are both appropriate and cost-effective. This AfCAP project aimed to provide guidelines for the set up of these trial sections and their monitoring, resulting in this document. This document summarises the background to planning appropriate experimental sections and then monitoring them to ensure that the maximum benefit is obtained, and the findings can be confidently implemented in practice. The scope of the guideline covers the optimal experimental design requirements and the types and uses of various monitoring techniques.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisProgress Report 1TRL Ltd.Otto, A.;Buckland, T.2018This report covers the progress period from 1st December 2017 to 28th February 2018 under the project on the Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) through Back Analysis. The project is being carried out in 3 phases and is scheduled for completion on 30th April 2019. Phase 1 of the project involved a review of previously constructed experimental sections and back-analysed LVSR going back four decades, collection of data and information, development of a LVSR database, partial population of the database, and a preliminary information and data gap analysis. Phase 2 involves further development of the database architecture and structure, a more detailed gap analysis, extensive review of other existing reports and data, training of counterparts from participating countries on the use of the database, and further population of the database. A detailed gap analysis or a meta-analysis (depending on the volume of data) will be carried out on the data to determine any critical information and data gaps. Such additional information, if required, will be collected through limited fieldwork.
pdfInvestigation of suitable dust suppressants for low volume gravel roads in the Terai region of NepalPhase 1 Final ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Greening, T.;Merrilees, K.;Shahi, B.2018The ultimate goal of the research is to determine the efficacy of non-proprietary products in reducing road dust pollution on gravel roads in Nepal, in terms of social and economic impacts. The project made a literature study of the recent history of dust on roads, identified a number of potential suppressants and procured appropriate equipment for measuring dust. This report summarises the equipment trials and proposes a methodology and research matrix for a future phase of the project, where the effectiveness of suppressants will be measured and the potential effects of dust on rural communities will be assessed.
pdfReCAP Inter-Regional Implementation Meeting (IRIM) 2017Final ReportReCAP PMUVisser, C.2018This report provides a full summary of the proceedings of the first ReCAP Inter-Regional Implementation Meeting (IRIM), held in Kampala, Uganda on 20-22 November 2017. IRIM 2017 was organised by the ReCAP Project Management Unit in collaboration with the Ugandan National Roads Authority (UNRA). Over 130 delegates from 23 countries attended the event. The IRIM programme was structured around the three strategic pillars of the ReCAP Way Forward strategy 2017-2020, namely the Provision of rural access, the Preservation of rural access and its Sustainable Use. The programme comprised plenary conference sessions, themed workshops, a site visit and various networking events. The IRIM objectives were successfully met. An evaluation survey among IRIM delegates showed an overall positive response to the usefulness and quality of the event.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transportLiterature ReviewAmend; TransaidBishop, T.;Barber, C.;Charman, S.;Porter, G.2018This Literature Review was carried out during the Inception Phase of the research project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. The purpose of the review was to generate contextual information to inform the development of research strategies in the project's four focal countries: Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. This literature review draws on existing academic and grey literature. It maps the growth in use of motorcycles and motorised three-wheelers in sub-Saharan Africa and examines the benefits and disbenefits of their use as a means of public transport, with a particular emphasis on their use in rural areas. It describes the implications of the existing lack of regulatory frameworks covering motorcycles and three-wheelers, as well as gender, mobility and road safety issues. The review concludes that there are significant gaps in research on this subject in a rural context.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transportProgress ReportTransaid; Amend; TRL Ltd.TRANSAID;AMEND;TRL Ltd.2018This Progress Report details progress during the first seven months of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. Since finalising the project's Inception Report in January 2018, the detailed design of all research activities has been undertaken and strong progress has been made on several of the activities. The survey of benefits and disbenefits of motorcycles and three-wheelers in rural areas has been designed. A review of motorcycle and three-wheeler taxi-related legislation and policy countries has found some interesting differences between the four countries. Finally, the literature review undertaken during the Inception Phase of this project is being produced as a standalone document.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementProgress Report 3Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaLema, C.;Bopoto, C.;Gongera, K.;Kakiiza, R.;Kome, P.2017AFCAP is providing technical assistance to achieve improvements in asset management performance on selected rural roads networks. This report provides a summary of project activities and progress in the period August to October 2017. It also includes a progress report by two University of Birmingham (UoB) PhD candidates who are using the GEM project for their research projects. During the reporting period, GEM1 Advisory Team members visited Zambia, Uganda and Sierra Leone to assist the participating agencies to prepare for the next round of data collection and to update their Asset Management Action Plans. The Asset Management (AM) performance assessments show significant gaps in the pre-requisites for sustainable road preservation in the three project countries. Major weaknesses have been identified in the external, institutional and funding building blocks. Progress with the implementation of agreed action plans is generally slow and very little road maintenance has been carried out in the GEM project road networks in 2017.
pdfClimate Adaption: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaSecond Quarterly Progress ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); Paige-Green Consulting; St Helens ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Makhanya, S.;Arnold, K.;Roux, A. le;Head, M.;Paige-Green, P.2017In order to help address the significant threat to Africa's development climate change poses, the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) has commissioned a two-phased project that started in April 2016 and is expected to be completed by December 2018, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. Research is being conducted on appropriate and economic methodologies for risk and vulnerability assessments; prioritisation of adaptation interventions; and optimisation of asset resilience in the context of rural access. In addition, evidence of cost, economic and social benefit links to rural communities arising from more resilient rural access will be required to support wider policy adoption across Africa. This second Quarterly Progress Report for Phase II outlines the progress that has been made between August 2017 and November 2017. It primarily focusses on the following five activities: (a) progress on the establishment of demonstration sections; (b) further progress made on the development of a climate threat and vulnerability assessment methodology; (c) feedback on the workshop held in Mozambique in September 2017; (d) the adaptation of conventional asset management practices to incorporate climate effects; and (e) the status of the country reports primarily focussing on the aspects of change management.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementReport on 2017 RAM Assessment - Support Visits to TAURA,TanzaniaCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaBopoto, C.2018AFCAP is providing technical assistance to achieve improvements in asset management performance on selected rural road networks. The purpose of the project is to achieve economic and social benefits for local communities as a result of improved performance in road asset management. This report covers technical assistance provided to the newly set up organisations TARURA in Tanzania to fully understand the Road Asset Management (RAM) assessment questionnaire and carry out a detailed self-assessment of its own organisation, with the view of eventually being considered for participation in the GEM project. Fruitful workshops were held in two locations: Mwanza and Dar es Salaam. The interactions further underlined the importance of obtaining early stakeholder buy-in when rolling out the GEM project to other countries.
pdfGround Improvement for Khulna Soft Clay SoilFinal ReportMott MacDonaldDuncan, I.;Phillips, L.;Baky, A.;Islam, S.;Lebon, R.2018This final report presents the findings of the Ground Improvement for Khulna Soft Clay Soil research project in Bangladesh. This study collates the relevant findings from existing research, field observations and ground investigation to understand the effectiveness and limitations of existing ground improvement techniques implemented in Khulna region, and to develop appropriate recommendations to overcome the typical construction challenges for road embankments and structures in the region. Using the results gained observational ground models have been developed for to help better understand the deformation mechanisms and assess the likely contributory causes. Ground improvement techniques are presented that are considered either (a) technically feasible and (b) within the likely budget for rural road construction together with guidance for implementation to deal with specific construction issues. Topics for further research are presented that will improve the ability to apply ground improvement techniques in Khulna Region.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisStakeholder Workshop Report Phase 1TRL Ltd.Rolt, J.;Mukura, K.;Buckland, T.2017The Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) through Back Analysis project involves the review of previous LVSR studies on the design and performance of pavements and materials in a variety of environments. The project is in three Phases. Phase 1 of the Back Analysis project involves the collection and processing of evidence relating to the performance of existing and previous LVSRs over the last forty years. The main activity during this phase was development of a Low Volume Roads (LVR) database containing data on LVSR sections in Sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia that were collected over a number of decades, including aspects of their design, construction and maintenance that have influenced their in-service performance. Phase 1 of the project involved development of a research strategy. The purpose of this report is to record the proceedings of the Phase 1 Stakeholder Workshop held in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania from 5th to 6th April 2017. The workshop outlined activities undertaken in Phase 1 and the methodological approach for delivering Phase 2 and 3 of the project.
pdfAlternative Surfacing for Steep Hill Sections in GhanaPhase I Inception ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Debrah, E.2016Feeder road rehabilitation and maintenance is seen as a crucial part of Ghana's efforts in agricultural development and in its strategies for economic recovery and growth, poverty alleviation and food security. Hence the identification of appropriate design options for higher risk sections (e.g. steep hills) of low-volume rural roads is seen as an important component of Ghana's strategy for improving sustainable all-season rural access. CSIR in South Africa, in partnership with the Building and Road Research Institute (BRRI) of Ghana, are undertaking a study on alternative surfacing for steep slopes in Ghana. The main objective is to provide practical information on the suitability of alternative road surfacings and paving techniques that are cost-effective, and offer sustainable solutions for road surfaces on steep gradients. This inception report provides the overall framework for the study including the background, scope and methodology. In addition, minutes of project meetings are provided. A detailed implementation plan for the first phase of the study is provided in this report with recommendations to guide the project team on how to effectively execute the project to meet the needs of the client.
pdfDesign, Construction, Supervision and Baseline Monitoring of Trials Sections on Low Volume Roads in ZambiaDesign ReportRankinHongve, J.;Mukendi, K.;Paige-Green, P.;Pinard, M. I.;Rattray, S.2018This project aims to design and construct low volume road pavements on selected trial sections in Zambia based on the DCP-DN method, establish a long term performance monitoring programme and collect baseline data. The purpose of this report is to provide information on the process followed in selecting the trial sections; the research matrix identifying the variables to be investigated; the design of the road pavements and the proposed surfacings for the trial sections. Three different bituminous surfacing types - Double Surface Dressing, Cape Seal and Cold Mix Asphalt - are to be constructed on each section.
pdfDisaster Preparedness in the Transport SectorReCAP Technical PanelCook, J.2017Presentation held at the South-to-South learning workshop on geo-hazard risk management in the transport sector, held in November 2017 in Nepal. The presentation provides a framework for dealing with disaster, disaster reduction and targeted interventions at transport network level.
pdfReview of Developments in Transport in Asia and the Pacific 2017Transport for Sustainable Development and Regional ConnectivityUnited Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)2017There appears to be a broad consensus that the provision of seamless and sustainable connectivity in support of market integration and economic dynamism may offer a way forward in aligning the pursuit of economic growth with a wider distribution of prosperity and greater environmental protection. The 2017 Review first looks at the critical role of transport in economic development and its direct contribution to national and regional gross domestic product (GDP). At the same time, it focuses attention on the negative aspects of transport. The Review later looks at how the transport sector in the Asian and Pacific region has progressed in creating enabling conditions and environments for moving to more sustainable modes of transport as well as increased efficiency in transport operations.
pdfClimate resilient concrete structures in marine environment in BangladeshFinal Project ReportMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2018This project has examined the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, develop cost effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and make recommendations on improvements in construction practice and workmanship considered necessary to improve service life. This final report combines the information and discussions provided in all the previous milestone reports viz., Inception report, Condition survey report and Final laboratory and field testing report and provides final recommendation to LGED on the specification of concrete mix for coastal districts of Bangladesh. This report addresses the comments made by various stakeholders at the workshop. This report further analyses the results obtained in field and laboratory study phase by using service-life models to evaluate the minimum durability cover required for a defined exposure condition. This report provides final recommendation in terms of limiting values for concrete mix based on the exposure classification in the coastal regions of Bangladesh.
pdfPlanning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in BangladeshFinal Report - Volume 1Department of Urban and Regional Planning (DURP), USA; Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology2018For the effective utilization of available resources, this project aims to develop a prioritisation methodology for the development, upgradation and maintenance of the rural roads by the Bangladeshi authorities (LGED). The main objectives of this study include: 1. development of a methodology on planning and prioritisation of rural roads; 2. development of an application tool (software) to implement the methodology; and 3. production of a user manual and training of 15 professionals to use the tool. This final report provides the details of the planning and prioritisation methodology and discusses the results generated by the application tool for the pilot district.
pdfClimate resilient concrete structures in marine environment in BangladeshStakeholder Workshop ReportMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2017This project has examined the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, develop cost effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and make recommendations on improvements in construction practice and workmanship considered necessary to improve service life. Under the key principles of research, uptake and embedment, a Stakeholder Workshop was conducted in partnership with the Local Government Engineering Department, in order to present and consult upon the findings of the project as presented in the Draft Final Report. This Report summarises the activities undertaken and recommendations discussed and agreed at the Stakeholder Workshop held on 21st September 2017.
pdfTraining-of-trainers in the use of the DCP-DN pavement design method in MalawiTraining Report Course 1Hongve, J.;Mukandila, E.2017The Roads Authority (RA) wishes to expand and embed the use of the DCP-DN Design Method for cost-effective design of Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) in Malawi. A project has been designed to undertake Training-of-trainers (ToT) for up to fifteen (15) candidates that have previously been trained up to an intermediate level of proficiency. This report covers the first of the three planned Training-of-Trainers (ToT) courses, which was conducted over two weeks from 30th October to 10th November 2017. As per the training approach, the TTs got to practice their skills in delivering a full course in the DCP-DN pavement design method to groups of up to 10 new trainees during the second week of each ToT Course. The outcome of the training was deemed to be satisfactory for those who attended the full course. This assessment is corroborated by the course evaluation by both the TTs and the new trainees.
pdfStatus Review of the Updated Rural Access Index (RAI)Inception ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaVincent, S.2018The ReCAP RAI Status Review is reviewing progress with the development and implementation of an updated method of measuring the Rural Access Index (RAI) using spatial analysis techniques. In 2016, SDG Indicator 9.1.1 was agreed with the same definition as the RAI, requiring regular update of RAI data for the majority of UN countries. With support from ReCAP, the World Bank developed updated spatial analysis techniques to measure RAI, and trials were carried out in eight ReCAP countries. However, concerns were raised about inconsistencies across countries, possible weak operational relevance, weak client ownership by pilot countries, and potential high future update costs. This status review is intended to address these concerns, with a view to accelerating progress with the updated measurement of the RAI. The status review includes consultation with the World Bank, regional development banks, and ReCAP member countries.
pdfStatus Review of the Updated Rural Access Index (RAI)Interim Progress StatementCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaVincent, S.2018The Rural Access Index (RAI) was defined in 2005 as the proportion of the rural population living within 2 km of an all-season road. With support from ReCAP, the World Bank developed updated spatial analysis techniques to measure RAI, and trials were carried out in eight ReCAP countries. This status review is intended to address these concerns with a view to accelerating progress with the updated measurement of the RAI. Preliminary findings from a literature review and from consultations with World Bank staff during a visit to Washington DC are presented, including information about the UN processes associated with the SDG Indicators. Preliminary recommendations are also presented for ReCAP RAI Task Group 2 (TG2), Consolidation and Revision, to take place after this status review.
pdfClimate Resilient Concrete Structures in Marine Environment of BangladeshFinal Field and Laboratory Testing ReportMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2018This project examines the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, develop cost- effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and make recommendations on improvements in construction practice and workmanship considered necessary to improve service life. This report essentially combines the Interim laboratory testing report 1 & 2 along with the interpretative discussions on phase II experimental work undertaken to study the durability of various concrete mixes. The outcome of the phase I testing helped in establishing the interrelationship between various factors such as W/C ratio, cement content, strength, workability and corrosion inhibitors for local materials available in Bangladesh. The interrelationship established in Phase I study was used to develop the research matrix for Phase II study, which deals with durability testing of various concrete mixes. The outcome of the phase II study on durability testing of concrete clearly demonstrates the improvement in performance of concrete with flyash or slag additions. The study concludes that the concrete mix with at least 30% addition of flyash as cementitious content produced more durable concrete mix for aggressive marine exposure conditions in the coastal regions of Bangladesh.
pdfRural Road Planning and Prioritisation ModelUser GuideLocal Government Engineering Department (LGED), BangladeshLocal Government Engineering Department (LGED), Bangladesh2018The Rural Road Planning and Prioritisation Model (RPPM) software has been developed for planning and prioritisation of rural roads developed and maintained by the Local Government Engineering Department (LGED). It is developed as a web-based application tool run from the GIS web portal of LGED. This guide is intended to assist LGED officials in using RPPM. It also provides guidance on how to prepare data for use by RPPM. RPPM is based on the methodology developed for the project “Planning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in Bangladesh”. The project was implemented under the ReCAP research programme funded by UK Aid.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaQuarterly Progress ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); Paige-Green Consulting; St Helens ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Paige-Green, P.;Roux, A. le;Head, M.2017In order to help address the significant threat to Africa's development that climate change poses, the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) has commissioned a two-phased research project that started in April 2016 and is expected to be completed by December 2018. The study focusses on: (a) demonstrating appropriate engineering and non-engineering adaptation procedures; (b) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of three AfCAP partner countries; (c) sustainable enhancement in the capacity of additional AfCAP partner countries; and (d) uptake and embedment across AfCAP partner countries. This Quarterly Progress Report outlines the progress that has been made since the release of the Inception Report in June 2017. It primarily focusses on the following three activities: (a) progress on the establishment of demonstration sections; (b) the development of a climate threat and vulnerability methodology for application at a local/project level; and (c) the development of a draft Climate Adaptation Handbook and three associated guidelines, namely Change Management Guidelines, Climate Threats and Vulnerability Assessment Guidelines; and Engineering Adaptation Guidelines.
pdfAfghanistan Scoping StudyReport on IRIM attendance and Way ForwardNadya MundoBarrett, K.;Rahimi, A.2018This brief report discusses the outcomes of the Afghanistan delegation's attendance at the IRIM Conference in Kampala, Uganda, in November 2017, as well as outline the agreed upon way forward for the program in Afghanistan. Attending the conference were a senior Ministry official from the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Baryalai Helali, along with Scoping Study team members Abdul Bari Rahimi and Dr. Kerrin Barrett. The MOU was agreed upon in principal, with two projects identified for ReCAP program start up: 1) capacity building of MRRD Research Unit staff, and 2) a study of the socio-economic impact of rural roads in Afghanistan.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementReCAP PMU; Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaLeta, N.;Geddes, R.2018Presentation held at the 16th ARMFA Annual General Meeting (African road (maintenance) funds) in Addis Ababa, in February 2018. The presentation covers the scope, methodology and main outcomes of the AfCAP supported research project into effective rural road asset management.
pdfEvaluation of the cost-beneficial improvement of first mile access on small-scale farming and agricultural marketingProgress Statement No 1TRL Ltd.; International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Workman, R.;Otto, A.;Njenga, P.;Muhia, G.;Willilo, S.;Hine, J.2018The issue of ‘First Mile' research has previously been explored by IFRTD in two pilot studies in Kenya and Tanzania. This research intends to extend the evidence base for the benefits associated with access improvements to small-scale farmers, and the potential impact that those benefits have on food security and poverty reduction on a much wider scale. To date the research has undertaken a review of previous work on First Mile access and wider literature, defined the research questions and scope of work, held stakeholder workshops in Kenya and Tanzania, identified research sites in both countries, and commenced initial data collection. The research is currently in Phase 3, which is the data collection phase. This report presents progress made up to the 17th January 2018. A summary of the Phase 2 stakeholder workshops and the methodological approach for fieldwork and data collection for Phase 3 can be found in the Phase 2 Report.
pdfEnhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transportInception ReportAmend; TransaidBishop, T.;Barber, C.2018This Inception Report details progress during the first twelve weeks of the project ‘Enhancing understanding on safe motorcycle and three-wheeler use for rural transport and the implications for appropriate training and regulatory frameworks'. The main purpose of the Inception Phase is to build an understanding of the existing situation in the four project countries, and to use this understanding to develop the detailed research strategies and methodologies. The understanding of the existing situation has been developed through stakeholder mapping, stakeholder engagement and a literature review. A total of 83 stakeholders have been identified, and meetings held with those stakeholders deemed most likely to contribute to the project, to provide valuable information, or to have influence over use of the project's findings and implementation of its recommendations. Over 110 documents have been reviewed through the literature review. A team planning meeting was held in Kenya from 4th and 5th December 2017, during which the activities for the research phase were identified.
pdfRural Transport Diagnostic Study in Sierra LeoneFinal ReportEconfin Consulting; Swansea University, UKMustapha, S.;Peters, K.;Tunis, N.2018This study sought to understand the existing public transport systems for communities along and within the catchment areas of selected rural roads in Sierra Leone. The results presented are based on a study of three rural roads. These roads are located in the country's coastal plains zone, interior zone and the interior plateau zone. The rapid rural appraisal methodology was used to gain a deep understanding of the existing rural transport systems based on in-depth qualitative interviews with transport users, operators, regulators and those concerned with socio-economic development. Through this method, reliable 'order of magnitude' estimates were derived, related to movements of people and goods, transport fares and preferences of road users for distances greater than 5 km. The study showed that in all three locations the main modes of transport providing daily rural transport services are motorcycle taxis, and that in two of the three locations there is an additional early morning and late afternoon service offered by car taxis and /or minibuses. No large buses serve the rural communities. On market days, both the number of transport services and the variety of transport modes operating on the road increases. Despite dissatisfaction with high fares, as compared to the other modes of transport, motorcycle taxis are generally praised by rural transport users. They leave instantly, pick up and drop off exactly where the passengers desire, are integrated with mobile phone technology, provide courier services, offer quick transport, and provide emergency services.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in Rural Road Construction and Usage in Ethiopia: Impact and ImplicationsFinal ReportMetaMeta; Mekelle University, EthiopiaMetaMeta;Mekele University2017This Completion Report documents the process, key findings, and recommendations of the project ‘Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Road Construction and Usage in Ethiopia: Impact and Implications.' The project examined the differential experiences and benefits of rural road planning, road construction, transport, and mobility; for men, Women Spouses (WS), and Woman Heads of Household (WHH). Findings highlight that men exert a much greater influence on road planning, benefit the most from road development, and have much greater access to transport services. Between WS and WHH, the latter stand much disadvantaged due to their lower economic standing and greater time poverty. Rural road development through the social protection, employment-guarantee scheme PSNP is effective in reaching out the benefits to women, through its gender mainstreaming provisions. The project recommends that more WHH-specific provisions will further enhance inclusion. Women can benefit immensely from skills-development; it will open up higher-paying skilled jobs to them. Women's mobility will be enhanced through better First-Mile connectivity, their travel experience will improve greatly by management of dust rising from unpaved roads. Most important is the need to proactively introduce Intermediate Means of Transport (IMTs) in rural areas, to fill the gap in rural transport services.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in the Rural Transport Sector in KenyaFinal ReportTacitus LtdOrwa, S.;Ombai, M.;Nyangueso, S.;Sheba, S.2017Tacitus Ltd to undertake research into gender mainstreaming in the rural transport sector institutions in Kenya. The research was conducted in Nairobi and three counties: Murang'a, Machakos and Homa Bay. The research investigated evidence of gender mainstreaming efforts transforming the institutions that deliver and support rural transport infrastructure and services in Kenya. A mixed methods design resulted in the collection of qualitative and quantitative data, including analysis of staffing, decision making and procurement among a sample of rural transport institutions. Results show that rural transport institutions are making efforts to adhere to the constitutional gender mainstreaming requirements. However, the two-thirds policy in staffing has not been achieved in most of the surveyed transport institutions, and the proportion of women occupying top decision-making positions is extremely low. The study has shown that the meaning and purpose of gender mainstreaming is not sufficiently understood by many transport sector institutions. Also, gender disaggregated data is neither readily available nor applied to rural transport programming and implementation. A change of strategy and long term progressive efforts for full compliance is required, and this report concludes with recommendations for a way forward.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementProgress Report 1Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Gongera, K.;Bopoto, C.;Lema, C.;Burrow, M.2017The Africa Community Access Partnership (AFCAP) is providing technical assistance to achieve improvements in asset management performance on selected rural roads networks. This report provides a summary of project activities and progress in the first quarter of 2017. During the reporting period, Advisory Team members visited the participating countries for the purpose of assisting the road agencies to finalise the collection and collation of the baseline data for the project, undertake gap analysis exercises based on the Asset Management Pyramid, commence the formulation of Asset Management Policies and progress data analysis. Fruitful meetings were held with the project teams in each country. The baseline assessment of asset management performance for each participating road agency has been adjusted following the in-country workshops held in March. The project team has developed a new composite index of road asset management performance known (initially) as the Road Asset Preservation Index (RAPI).
pdfTransforming gender relations in the trail bridge programme in NepalFinal ReportHelvetasHelvetas2017This report presents the findings of a qualitative exploration of the degree to which Nepal's trail bridge programme contributes to changes in gender relations. It includes a review of policy and legal framework and the literature pertaining to gender relations and trail bridges, noting that there are many positive provisions. The study then focuses on how such guidelines are translated into practice in the field, taking nine short span trail bridges and one long span trail bridge as case studies. The findings are discussed by taking in turn seven drivers of women's economic empowerment, and assessing the degree to which they are fulfilled. Overall, the study found that field practice tends to lag behind the intentions of the responsive legal provisions. Key suggestions are that the time constraints imposed on women by unpaid care work should be recognised and addressed, and that far greater emphasis is given to the facilitation of social processes to transform gender relation in users' committees. In addition, disadvantaged women should be given more concerted support to maximise their income from wage labour through avoiding debt, undertaking skills training to be eligible for better wages, and transforming wages into assets. Finally, opportunities to learn and share from other users' committee experiences at local level should be deepened and greater coordination between technical and social bodies fostered at district level.
pdfImpacts and Implications of Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport in TanzaniaDissemination of Findings - Workshop ReportHelpAge InternationalHelpAge International2017HelpAge International conducted a research dissemination workshop with gender and transport sector stakeholders to share the findings of the study conducted to assess whether gender mainstreaming in rural transport has had a transformative effect on women facing multiple forms of discrimination and exclusion in Tanzania. This report relates to the dissemination workshop held 9 May 2017 in Dar es Salaam. The participants endorsed the research findings and stressed the need to ensure equal opportunities and participation to all through the finalisation and implementation of the National Transport Policy of 2011. It further called for the Government to ensure that all performance agreement of contractors incorporate gender mainstreaming ensuring conditions at construction sites are favorable to both men and women and those with disabilities.
pdfImpacts and Implications of gender mainstreaming in rural transport in TanzaniaResearchers Training Workshop ReportHelpAge InternationalHelpAge International2016The effectiveness of any research programme is determined by how well the research teams have been prepared. This is particularly important for a research project that plans to combine conventional methods of using Research Assistants with a co- investigation approach which draws individuals from the communities to shape the design of the research. A three-day training workshop brought together fifteen research assistants and five co-investigators that formed the research team prepared to assess the extent to which gender mainstreaming in the National Transport Policy of Tanzania has been transformative for women facing intersecting inequalities due to gender, age, disability and widowhood by focusing on recent transport projects in Kibaha and Kilolo districts. The training, facilitated by the lead research team members, was vital in equipping the research team with methods of qualitative studies such as key informant interviews (KII), focus group discussions (FGD) and a photo story approach which was one of the unique approaches applied in the research. During the training, the research team piloted the tools and reviewed where this was required. Furthermore, the training provided an opportunity for team building while mapping out communities and understanding key gender terminologies and concepts.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementProgress Report 2Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Lema, C.;Muhia, G.;Gongera, K.2017The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) is providing technical assistance to foster improvements in asset management performance in selected rural road agencies in four countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The four countries participating are Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone and the Western Cape region of South Africa. This report provides a summary of project activities and progress in the period May-July 2017. UNRA is now participating in the project as a separate road agency alongside Kamuli District. Follow up was made with Tonkolili District in Sierra Leone, Chongwe District in Zambia and Kamuli District in Uganda for their draft asset management policies and progress reports on their action plans. The GEM Advisory Team conducted a workshop on rural road asset management on 9th May at the Technology Transfer (T2) Conference in Livingstone, Zambia. The set of indicators for the socio-economic study of communities in the project areas was streamlined following a visit of the Rural Transport Economist to Uganda. She was accompanied by the External Communications Expert, who drafted proposals for the introduction of an External Communications component to the GEM project. The Asset Management (AM) performance assessments show significant gaps in the pre-requisites for sustainable road preservation in the three project countries.
pdfTransport Sector Leadership Development ProgrammeFinal ReportMott MacDonald; University of Cape TownJones, S.;Zuidgeest, M.;Vanderschuren, M.;Nnene, O.;Hughes, D.;Kelly, K.2017TSLDP aims to support the development of transport professionals in sub-Saharan Africa with a view towards equipping them with the leadership, managerial and technical skills necessary to become these broad-based transport professionals, and the future leaders of the industry in Africa. This scoping phase has shortlisted a selection options that should be progressed to help achieve this goal. The proposed options revolve around a sustainable delivery mechanism and a selection of delivery options (which are the training programmes). The delivery mechanism is a Centre for Sub-Saharan Transport Leadership (CSSTL), which should be embedded in an existing, transport-orientated institution in sub-Saharan Africa. The centre's role will be to develop and implement the delivery options over the coming years and act as a managing agent for the TSLDP. The CSSTL is the recommended option for ReCAP to progress at this stage, as it is the solution that puts in place the foundations for the success of TSLDP beyond the ReCAP end date in 2020, hence ensuring long-term sustainability.
pdfTransport Sector Leadership Development ProgrammeCurriculum Development ReportMott MacDonald; University of Cape TownZuidgeest, M.;Vanderschuren, M.;Nnene, O.;Hughes, D.;Kelly, K.;Jones, S.2017The Transport Sector Leadership Development Programme (TSLDP) is being created to develop the managerial capacity of young African transportation professionals so they will have the capacity to deliver Africa's transportation infrastructure. This report is the Curriculum Development Report, which provides information on the Continuous Professional Development (CPD) and Professional Masters Programme Specifications and constituent modules. These initially went forward for discussion at the Stakeholder Workshop on 13th July 2017 in Namibia, before being refined subsequently after the receipt of comments and feedback.
pdfPlanning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in BangladeshReport of the First Stakeholders WorkshopDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning (DURP), USA; Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology2017For the effective utilization of available resources, this project aims to develop a prioritisation methodology for the development, upgradation and maintenance of the rural roads by the Bangladeshi authorities (LGED). To implement the methodology, a software would be developed which would provide a prioritised list of rural roads based on analysis of updated socio-economic and environmental data. This will eventually help LGED to make objective decision with effective budget allocation through an automated system. The project includes developing a software manual and a training program for the LGED officials to help them understand and use the software. This report covers the first stakeholder workshop on the developed methodology and solutions, held in August 2016.
pdfDevelopment of Low Volume Road Design Manuals and update of standard specifications and detailed drawings for three AfCAP member countries in West AfricaFirst Workshop ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Goldie-Scot, H.2017The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) is funding the preparation of manuals for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) for three AfCAP member countries in the West Africa sub-region. These are Liberia, Sierra Leone and Ghana. Following initial visits, a stakeholder workshop was organised in September 2017 to consolidate stakeholder engagement for all three countries in determining, for each manual, the most appropriate scope and style.
pdfDevelopment of Low Volume Road Design Manuals and update of standard specifications and detailed drawings for three AfCAP member countries in West AfricaFirst Progress ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaOdametey, F.;Ebels, L.;Isaac, R.;Hearn, G.;Goldie-Scot, H.2017The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) is funding the preparation of manuals for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) for three AfCAP member countries in the West Africa sub-region. These are Liberia, Sierra Leone and Ghana. This report describes progress over the first quarter of the project and includes the structures for the three manuals and the organisation for their drafting.
pdfDevelopment of Low Volume Road Design Manuals and update of standard specifications and detailed drawings for three AfCAP member countries in West AfricaInception ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Odametey, F.;Ebels, L.;Isaac, R.;Hearn, G.2017The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) is funding the preparation of manuals for Low Volume Roads (LVRs) for three AfCAP member countries in the West Africa sub-region: Liberia, Sierra Leone and Ghana. The new manuals will draw on documentation recently developed in other AfCAP participating countries. This inception report covers initial visits of the expert team to the three countries and the findings and recommendations for the implementation of the project.
pdfRural Transport Diagnostic Study in Sierra LeoneInception ReportEconfin Consulting; Swansea University, UKMustapha, S.;Peters, K.2017The overall objective of this project is to assess the needs and perspectives of transport users, operators, regulators, and other stakeholders in order to identify constraining factors for improvements in Sierra Leone's rural transport services policies and practices. Especially, the spread of motorcycle taxis and their opportunities and limitations have not been sufficiently reflected in rural transport policy, and will be explored here. This inception report provides the overall framework for the study. It highlights the project background, use of the rapid rural appraisal methodology, and the criteria for the selection of the study roads in the three ecological zones of Sierra Leone.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaBriefing Note September 2017Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); St Helens Consulting; Paige-Green ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Head, M.;Paige-Green, P.2017This Briefing Note No 5 of September 2017 provides an update on the Africa regional project on Climate Adaptation. This Briefing Note has been prepared for Senior Officials in Government to create awareness of the scale of the climate challenge for rural access in Africa and provide guidance on how to deal with the threats economically and on how to make road infrastructure more resilient, thereby improving socio-economic development through improved accessibility.
pdfPromotion of Sustainable Rural Access in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable DevelopmentSecond Progress ReportPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)Yiu, A.2017The Partnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT) is implementing a project commissioned by the UK Aid-funded Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) to promote sustainable rural access as a viable component of the implementation strategies for achieving SDG and to ensure its inclusion in the high-level, multi-lateral discourse on sustainable transport and rural development. This document reports on the current progress and summarizes the outputs produced under the three work streams: 1) Advocacy and Outreach; 2) Global and Regional Dialogues; and 3) Operationalization of SDGs during Implementation Phase II of the joint project from 13 April to 2 August 2017.
pdfGender mainstreaming in rural transport projects in Nepal: Transformative Changes at Household and Community LevelFinal ReportWise NepalRana, H.;Hada, J.2017This research study examines whether and how gender mainstreaming in selected rural transport projects implemented by the Government of Nepal (GoN) have transformed the lives of rural women and disadvantaged groups. The research was carried out in Ramechhap and Okhaldhunga districts using a mix of qualitative methods. It shows that the most significant changes that women and discriminated groups perceive in their lives derive from the new income-earning opportunities made available, especially through quotas and equal pay on the transport projects. However, men continue to dominate community and district decision-making.
pdfScoping Study for AfghanistanFinal ReportNadya MundoBarrett, K.;Sahar, N.;Rahimi, A.;Roshan, M.2017The scoping study findings revealed that the roads infrastructure sector is growing, and with it, the rural roads sub-sector. The sector overview completed for this scoping study shows that Afghanistan's transportation system comprises inland waterways, air, rail and road transport modes. The Ministry of Public Works (MPW) is responsible for provincial road works, while the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD) oversees rural roads. In order to address the gaps in Afghanistan's rural transport infrastructure, six research areas, primarily focusing on capacity building, were identified by the Scoping Study Team. These include: 1. Building Sustainable Knowledge Generation and Management Capacity for Rural Access and Mobility; 2. Capacity Building in Asset Management; 3. Design and Development of “Low Volume Roads (LVR) Design Manual”; 4. Using Intermediate Innovative Technologies to Support Local Communities' Ownership of Rural Roads; 5. Transport Services and the Movement of Goods and People: Understanding Costs; 6. Support for Project Quality Assurance/Quality Control and Oversight. Afghanistan's environment poses both significant challenges as well as the opportunity for meaningful impact in rural roads and transport research.
pdfThe Hoopstad Stabilized Kalahari Sand LTPP Experiment After 55 YearsVolume 1: Final ReportNetterberg, F.2017The Hoopstad long-term road pavement performance (LTPP) experiment was constructed in 1962 as part of the road P 21/3 on Route R700 between Hoopstad and Bultfontein in the Free State Province of South Africa. The purpose of the experiment was to evaluate the performance as base course of a fine-grained, non-plastic, A-2-4(0), aeolian, Kalahari-type sand stabilized with various amounts of ordinary and portland blast furnace cement, lignosulfonate, tar and bitumen in comparison with “crusher-run” graded crushed stone and neat, unstabilized sand as control sections. In this report the performance of the stabilized sections is reported in comparison with the neat sand and crusher run sections. Whilst there is a dearth of performance- and traffic- related information over the years, the fact remains that in June 2017, after 55 years and some 1.5M E80/lane, all the sections were still there and carrying traffic, none had been rehabilitated, and none appears to have ever exhibited structural failures. Neat or weakly cemented designs using Kalahari sand in all layers offer tremendous potential for the construction of relatively inexpensive, all-weather, sealed low volume roads in the vast area of arid and semiarid southern Africa in which similar sands and a scarcity of gravel and rock occur.
pdfScaling up Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport: Analysis of Policies, Practices, Impacts and Monitoring ProcessesCase Study Report: UgandaInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Tanzarn, N.2017The research project was largely implemented through a comprehensive analysis of the Government of Uganda's commitment to gender equality and women's empowerment and an in-depth assessment of the quality of gender mainstreaming in the transport sector. The Government of Uganda has adopted legal and policy frameworks and instituted mechanisms to guide gender mainstreaming in the national development process. However, the transport sector is yet to fully translate these political commitments in policy and regulations. As a result, women continue to bear a disproportionate transport burden and to experience sexual and gender-based violence in transport-related spaces. The report recommends using data-based pathways to inform transport policy, regulations, planning, programming and resource allocation that reflect women's transport realities and needs, relative to men's access needs.
pdfScaling up Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport: Analysis of Policies, Practices, Impacts and Monitoring ProcessesCase Study Report: TanzaniaInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Mhalila, H.;Kinyashi, G.2017This report contains the results of a short desk top study to review the state of gender mainstreaming in two rural transport programmes in Tanzania. This case study provides a review of the general gender policy and legislative environment and zeroes in on two programs, the Village Transport and Travel Programme (VTTP), and the Local Government Transport Programme (LGTP). The national policy and legislative environment for gender has evolved very progressively in the last few decades. However, the absence of monitoring and evaluation data and reports prevents an assessment of the gender equality performance of the programmes. The lessons from the case study is that despite strong policy intent on gender mainstreaming, in the absence of a robust and mandatory monitoring framework, proper assessment of gender performance cannot be undertaken and good practice cannot be developed.
pdfScaling Up Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport: Policies, Practices, Impacts and Monitoring ProcessesFinal Synthesis ReportInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Tanzarn, N.2017This report synthesises four country case studies conducted in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda as part of a networked research project. The case studies analysed transport sector policies, legislation, regulations and programmes in order to generate key learning around good and promising gender mainstreaming practices for possible up-scaling. Each of the case study countries has political frameworks that allude to gender equality, to varying degrees, in law and policy. However, many of these political commitments are yet to translate into gender equitable transport. A project cycle analysis of seven rural transport projects revealed various innovative approaches adopted to mainstream gender, some of which informed transport policy and practice. To further institutionalise mainstreaming, the report recommends evidence-based policy engagement, collection of gender disaggregated transport data, gender capacity building of transport and engineering professionals/researchers and retrofitting of policy and regulations for improved gender sensitivity.
pdfScaling up Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport: Analysis of Policies, Practices, Impacts and Monitoring ProcessesCase study report KenyaInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Tanzarn, N.2017The research project was implemented through a desk study that involved a review of national policy documents to map Kenya's gender policy landscape and assess how this is implemented in the transport sector. A gendered project cycle analysis of the Kenya Roads 2000/AFD (Agence Française de Développement) project was conducted to assess the tools, indicators and targets used to mainstream gender and to examine their effectiveness. The research established that Kenya has a very progressive structure for gender mainstreaming cutting across different policy domains and institutions. However, this is yet to be effectively implemented in the transport sector. As a result, women continue bearing a disproportionate transport burden and experiencing sexual and gender-based violence in transport-related spaces. The report recommends retrofitting transport policy and regulations to include measures that address women's relative to men's needs as users of transport systems; promote their participation in, and benefit from road improvement projects; and guarantee their safety and personal security.
pdfScaling up Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport: Analysis of Policies, Practices, Impacts and Monitoring ProcessesCase Study Report: GhanaInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Amoako-Sakyi, R.2017Wide gender disparities have persisted in various forms within Ghanaian society including the transport sector. Previous gender mainstreaming efforts in this area have not always achieved their purpose, but even when successful, these initiatives are seldom up-scaled. This study explored the scalability potential of gender mainstreaming initiatives in Ghana using the second phase of the Transport Rehabilitation Programme (TRP-2) and the ongoing Cocoa Roads Rehabilitation project as case studies. The research found that Ghana's gender policy landscape to be adequate but not necessarily optimal in operationalising gender mainstreaming. This study emphasised the male dominance in the provision of rural transport infrastructure and services. Absence of gender issues in budgeting and a silence on gender issues in legislation and regulation points to weak gender responsiveness in the transport sector. A key observation is that gender mainstreaming components are more visible in donor funded programmes as compared to nationally funded programmes.
pdfCapacity Building and Skills Development Programme for the Laboratories of the Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (LoGITReC) in TanzaniaFinal ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.;Ventura, D.2017This project is aimed at assisting the Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (LoGITReC) in Tanzania to achieve its objective of capacity building and skills development for its staff. This final report highlights the results and outcomes of the project. The project benefits are already evident and the target indicator of providing laboratory and field testing services has been met in less than six months. As a result of this project, efforts are underway to initiate the inter-calibration study programme that will be implemented across civil engineering laboratories in Tanzania. Through this project a critical mass of skilled laboratory personnel with a good understanding of the fundamental principles of testing in accordance with the CML Laboratory Manual 2000, has been created for the benefit of other Local Government entities.
pdfCapacity Building and Skills Development Programme for the Laboratories of the Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (LoGITReC) in TanzaniaOperational Laboratory SystemsCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.;Ventura, D.2017The project will assist LoGITReC (Tanzania) to achieve its objective of capacity building and skills development for its staff, to enable the facility to operate as a reference and quality control laboratory for PO-RALG and to support research activities by LoGITReC. This report focuses on Task 2 of the project, which is the development of the operational system for the laboratory and comprises the following: a. Development of documents that provide information on procedures, to ensure that a quality assurance and quality control scheme is in place, a requirement for a facility that must comply with ISO 17025; and b. Development of a framework for a laboratory management system to ensure effective and efficient processing of laboratory material records.
pdfCapacity Building and Skills Development Programme for the Laboratories of the Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (LoGITReC) in TanzaniaFinal Equipment Status ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Ventura, D.;Mgangira, M.2017This project is aimed at assisting the Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (LoGITReC) in Tanzania to achieve its objective of capacity building and skills development for its staff. This report focuses on Task 3 of the project, covering aspects related to status of existing equipment and the procurement of additional equipment. New and additional equipment will enable CMRL to be fully functional and be able to satisfy the basic requirements of PO-RALG and LoGITReC, in terms of road materials testing. A priority list for additional equipment was developed and submitted for procurement. Guidance is also provided to implement proper calibration, verification and checks to ensure functionality of equipment. The assessment in this report is limited to existing equipment.
pdfBaseline survey of past and current road sector research undertakings in Uganda and establishment of electronic document management system (EDMS)Workshop 2 ReportAurecon AMEI LtdMoolman, A.;Steyn, W.2017The purpose of this project is to carry out a baseline survey of past has been undertaken on the roads sector in Uganda, and to Management System that enables access to such research and manage future research. The study commenced on 22 November 2016. This document presents the report on the Workshop 2 that was Kampala. The report captures the presentations that were made at feedback received and the results of the group discussions held.
pdfBaseline survey of past and current road sector research undertakings in Uganda and establishment of electronic document management system (EDMS)Final ReportAurecon AMEI LtdSteyn, W.;Moolman, A.2017The purpose of this project is to carry out a baseline survey of past and current research that has been undertaken on the roads sector in Uganda, and to establish a databank that enables access to such research. The study commenced on 22 November 2016. This document presents the Draft Final Report for the study. This document incorporates survey (questionnaires, field investigations, consultations and research summaries) outcomes, proposals and recommendations. The project entailed an evaluation of reports deemed to contain research from institutions in Uganda who are conducting roads research, as well as some international consultants who have done research for Ugandan institutions. Together with the reports, questionnaires were distributed to stakeholders to provide their perceptions of the state of roads research in Uganda. Selected field visits were conducted to evaluate sites where experiments have been conducted before. Finally, an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS) has been developed to contain the roads research information and be used in future as a repository for such research and a management support system to assist in the planning and coordination of new roads research in Uganda.
pdfProtocols for Improving the Proficiency of Material Testing Laboratories in MozambiquePTS First Round - Baseline ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaPearce, B.2017AfCAP is supporting the implementation of a pilot project for Proficiency Testing in selected laboratories for material testing in Mozambique. The overall objective is to establish laboratory testing that is in line with international practices and standards and test results that can be used with confidence. The Proficiency Testing Scheme (PTS) is developing a baseline for the precision limits for the common tests on road building materials. The baseline will be used to assess laboratory capacity and identify where constraints lie and where specific training and other interventions may be required. It is expected that participating laboratories will ultimately become accredited to the International Standards Organisation's standard ISO/IEC 17025.
pdfUsing high-tech solutions and remote sensing to increase knowledge on the extent and condition of rural road networksTRL Ltd.Workman, R.2017Presentation held at the IRF World Road Meeting 2017, on the AfCAP project designed to look towards the future of road management in Africa and explore different and innovative cost-effective solutions to well established problems, including the use of high-tech solutions and satellite imagery for road network and condition assessment.
pdfPilot Study to Investigate a Participatory Approach for Roadside Protection of Rural Roads in NepalInception Report Phase 2HelvetasMeyer, W.2017This report documents the inception phase of a three-year pilot study aimed at developing an innovative and participatory approach for roadside protection on rural roads in Nepal. It builds on an earlier short initiation phase conducted at the beginning of 2016. The introduction of Right of Way (RoW) along rural roads of the District Road Core Network (DRCN) combined with poverty alleviation is a new proposal. A clear legal provision for this purpose has not yet been enacted in Nepal. However, various policy and legal provisions have been endorsed with regard to plantations and maintaining greenery in the RoW through local authorities. Based on this, appropriate legal instruments for the application of the RoW are to be developed. Following investigations on legal, engineering and socio-economic conditions, suitable plant species have been selected. Cost benefit analysis of the selected plants show that planting the RoW land for productive use can be profitable. By involving nearby local landless villagers, organised in local user groups, there is an opportunity to improve their livelihoods. A combined work plan including activities and milestone deliverable documents has been compiled for monitoring the implementation of this pilot study in five phases.
pdfUsing high-tech solutions and remote sensing to increase knowledge on the extent and condition of rural road networksTRL Ltd.Workman, R.2017This paper, presented at the IRF World Road Meeting 2017, draws its evidence from an AfCAP project designed to look towards the future of road management in Africa and explore different and innovative cost-effective solutions to well established problems. The two main aspects of the project are to consider high-tech solutions to increase knowledge of rural road networks, and to develop a methodology and guideline for the assessment of road condition using high resolution satellite imagery. The focus of this research was to develop a methodology to assess rural road condition using Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite imagery. The results from the pilot countries (Ghana, Kenya, Uganda and Zambia) were analysed using a spreadsheet developed by the team in Uganda. This compared the results of the ground truthing and the satellite imagery interpretation and produced a correlation between the two. A number of recommendations can be made from these trials. The final guideline for satellite assessment of road condition includes recommendations for the appropriate use of high-tech solutions, combined with the methodology for condition assessment by satellite imagery. A holistic approach should be adopted, which includes appropriate combinations of the different high-tech options.
pdfDesign, Construction, Supervision and Baseline Monitoring of Trial Sections on Low Volume Roads in ZambiaInception ReportRankinPinard, M. I.;Rattray, S.;Paige-Green, P.;Hongve, J.2017AfCAP is supporting a project pertaining to the Design, Construction Supervision and Baseline Monitoring of Trial Sections on Low Volume Roads in Zambia. The main purpose of the project is to: 1. • carry out the pavement design of the trial sections based on the DCP-DN method, 2. construct the trial sections to a sealed standard using an appropriate seal type, 3. establish a programme of long-term pavement performance monitoring, 4. collect and analyse baseline data, 5. ultimately, provide inputs for the development of a new pavement design manual for low volume roads in Zambia. The project is being carried out in three phases over a 24-month period. This Final Inception Report marks the culmination of the preparatory stage of Phase 1 of the project. The Work Programme has been revised following agreements reached at the Stakeholder Workshop as well as confirmation received from the RDA on the status of the contractor procurement process and the likely date for the start of construction of the trial section(s).
pdfÉlaboration d'un Plan Stratégique pour la mise en place d'une capacité de recherche durable sur les routes au sein de la Division de la Recherche de L'Office des Routes en RD CongoRapport de démarrageSMEC Holdings LimitedSMEC Holdings Limited2017Dans ce cadre, l'AfCAP a confié au Consultant ‘'SMEC'' le projet d'Elaboration d'un Plan Stratégique pour la Mise en Place d'une Capacité de Recherche Durable sur les Routes au sein de la Division de la Recherche de l'Office des Routes en République Démocratique du Congo. Cette étude constitue la première de deux phases d'un projet plus vaste dont l'objectif final est l'installation et le renforcement effectifs d'une unité de Recherche Routière en RDC. Le lancement de la deuxième phase du projet programmée est conditionné par les résultats de la phase 1. Le présent volume constitue le ‘'Rapport de démarrage'' de la phase d'Élaboration d'un Plan Stratégique pour la mise en place d'une capacité de recherche durable sur les routes au sein de la Division de la Recherche de l'Office des Routes en RD Congo.
pdfDevelopment of National Business Plans for the Establishment of Road Research Units/Centres in AsCAP Member CountriesInterim Progress ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2017Based on the outcomes of project scoping exercises undertaken in three AsCAP countries (Bangladesh, Myanmar and Nepal), the need for the establishment of road research capacity within the partner government departments was identified as a high priority in order to support and sustain research and knowledge management related to rural access. To address the above need, AsCAP initiated a project to develop action/establishment plans supporting the needs of each country. These plans would address issues such as sustainable institutional arrangements, capacity building interventions and funding sources to support the road research centre or unit on an ongoing basis. The Interim Progress Report presents the results of interactions held with key stakeholders in Myanmar and Bangladesh since June 2017. The objectives of these interactions were to identify the specific needs and to gain an understanding of how the individual government departments would like to establish road research management capacity within their existing institutional frameworks. Progress on the development of business plans for the three countries is also presented. Second versions of the business plans for Bangladesh and Myanmar have been completed, as well as a first draft (discussion document) for Nepal. The project is still on target to be completed by mid-October.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport Institutions KenyaTacitus LtdOrwa, S.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 Transport Services workshop, addressing the gender mainstreaming research project in Kenya (rural) transport institutions. The presentation highlights the gender mainstreaming impacts on staffing, budget and expenditure allocations and decision-making processes.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in rural transport projects in Nepal: transformative changesWise NepalHada, J.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 Transport Services workshop, covering the gender mainstreaming research project implemented by WiseNepal. The project aims to investigate the benefits to women of targeted interventions and participation in User Committees. The presentation provides the research areas, methodologies and research findings and conclusions.
pdfCreating an enabling environment for rural transport service provision that is inclusive, transformative and impactfulReCAP PMUBradbury, A.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 Transport Services workshop, introducing the workshop themes of gender mainstreaming and rural access diagnostics and framing the workshop questions to be discussed.
pdfTransport Sector Leadership Development Programme (TSLDP)Mott MacDonald; University of Cape TownKelly, K.;Zuidgeest, M.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 Capacity Building workshop, addressing the current status and outstanding issues of the AfCAP regional initiative on the transport sector leadership development programme.
pdfNew and upcoming capacity building initiativesReCAP PMUVisser, C.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 Capacity Building workshop, addressing new and upcoming ReCAP projects to enhance capacity building and learning and discussion user needs.
pdfBuilding sustainable transport and road research capacity under ReCAPReCAP PMULeta, N.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 Capacity Building workshop, addressing current ongoing ReCAP training and capacity building efforts and discussion their effectiveness for long term sustainable research capacity in ReCAP partner countries.
pdfStatus review of RAIReCAP PMUSampson, L.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017, addressing the status review of the Rural Access Index (RAI), the globally adopted indicator for rural access. The project aim is to move the Spatial RAI forward from a modified solid base using recently identified cost-effective high-tech tools and working within a sustainability framework. The project has 3 Task Groups covering the review, consolidation and application in pilot countries.
pdfImpacts and implications of gender mainstreaming in rural transport in TanzaniaFinal ReportHelpAgePorter, G.;Mulongo, G.;Tewodros, A.2017This report presents preliminary findings of a field study led by HelpAge International which assessed whether gender mainstreaming in rural transport programmes in Tanzania has had a transformative effect on women facing multiple forms of discrimination. The research sought views of communities, local authorities, national policy makers and development partners. An assessment of transformative change among women living in rural communities suggests a largely negative conclusion.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in Transport Projects in NepalPolicy BriefWise NepalWISE Nepal2017WISE Nepal was contracted by ReCAP to conduct research on “Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport Projects in Nepal: Case Studies of Transformative Roles of Women and Disadvantaged Groups (DAGs) at Household and Community levels''. The research examined whether and how gender mainstreaming activities in selected rural transport projects implemented by the Government of Nepal have transformed the lives of rural women and disadvantaged groups. The research was carried out in Ramechhap and Okhaldhunga Districts in Nepal, where rural roads and bridge projects have been implemented by the Government of Nepal.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport Sector Institutions in KenyaPolicy BriefTacitus LtdOrwa, S.;Ombai, M.;Nyangueso, S.;Sheba, S.2017ReCAP contracted Tacitus Ltd to undertake research into gender mainstreaming in the rural transport sector institutions in Kenya. The research was conducted in Nairobi, Murang'a, Machakos and Homa Bay. The aim of the research project was to answer the key question: What is the evidence of gender mainstreaming efforts transforming the institutions that deliver and support rural transport infrastructure and services? The study showed that the meaning and purpose of gender mainstreaming is not sufficiently understood by the majority of transport sector institutions in Kenya. In addition, gender disaggregated data is neither readily available nor applied to rural transport programming and implementation. A change of strategy and long term progressive efforts for full compliance are required, but the building blocks exist with the enactment of the Constitution of Kenya (2010) and formation of the National Gender and Equality Commission (NGEC).
pdfTransforming gender relations in the trail bridge programme in NepalPolicy BriefHelvetasHelvetas2017Transforming gender relations in the trail bridge programme in Nepal study was conducted by HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation on behalf of ReCAP. It covered an analysis of legal provisions, consultations with key stakeholders, and field visits to ten trail bridges. These comprised three short span bridges (under 120 m) in each of the districts of Arghakanchi, Darchula and Morang, and one long span trail bridge (over 120 m) in Kaski district. Additional interviews with some other women user committee members were also held. While these policy recommendations are based on a limited, but carefully selected sample of trail bridges, they are given additional weight by their endorsement at a national level workshop with relevant stakeholders, and the long-standing practical experience of HELVETAS in supporting Nepal's trail bridge programme.
pdfEnabling women to become Motorcycle Taxi Operators: Opportunities and Obstacles in Rural LiberiaPolicy BriefSwansea University, UKSwansea University, UK2017ReCAP commissioned Swansea University, AKA Research and LIDA Liberia to undertake a gender mainstreaming project in Liberia that would establish the main barriers and challenges women experience in becoming motorcycle riders in rural settings and how these can be overcome through training, credit, awareness, and policy change. A detailed study of female motorcycle taxi riders and female passengers in the rural areas of Nimba County, Northern Liberia was conducted using a mixed methods approach (qualitative and quantitative data collection methods). This brief provides policy recommendations based on the research conclusions.
pdfEnabling women to become Motorcycle Taxi Operators: Opportunities and Obstacles in Rural Sierra LeonePolicy BriefSwansea University, UKSwansea University, UK2017ReCAP commissioned Swansea University and AKA Research to undertake a gender mainstreaming project in Sierra Leone that would establish the main barriers and challenges women experience in becoming motorcycle riders in rural settings and how these can be overcome through training, credit, awareness, and policy change. A detailed study of female motorcycle taxi riders and female passengers in the rural areas around the provincial Sierra Leonean towns of Bo, Kenema and Makeni was conducted using a mixed methods approach (qualitative and quantitative data collection methods). This brief provides policy recommendations based on the conclusions of the research.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport Policy and PracticeInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)2017This ReCAP funded project was implemented by the International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD) in four AfCAP countries (Ghana, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania) as a piece of networked research. Transport policy, regulations, planning, and infrastructure design do not systematically reflect women's transport realities and needs, relative to men's. The research involved analysis of transport sector policies, legislation, regulations and programmes to generate key learning around good and promising gender mainstreaming practices for possible up-scaling. Policy recommendations are provided in this brief.
pdfProtocols for Improving the Proficiency of Material Testing Laboratories in MozambiqueReport on Initial Laboratory Visits and Protocol for the PTS (Final)Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaPearce, B.2017AfCAP is supporting the implementation of a pilot project for Proficiency Testing in selected laboratories in Mozambique. The overall objective is to establish laboratory testing that is “in line with international practices and standards and test results that can be used with confidence”. This report covers the field visit of the CDS Materials Engineer to conduct an initial assessment of laboratories that were shortlisted to participate in the project. The shortlisting was carried out through a questionnaire sent by ANE to all known materials laboratories in the country. The report includes the draft protocol for conducting the first round of the PTS pilot.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Existing Trial Sections and Implementation of Regional Guidelines for Establishing and Monitoring Trial Sections in TanzaniaTask 1 Report: Review of existing trial sectionsCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.;Anochie-Boateng, J.2017The purpose of this project is to develop capability in Tanzania, through mentoring, on how to establish, carry out the monitoring surveys and evaluation of trial sections. The project will provide technical assistance, primarily aimed at providing training to LoGITReC research staff on all aspects of Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) assessment. This Task 1 Report summarises the initial findings and recommendations of the project team following the review of the two trial sections located in the Bagamoyo District and in the Siha District.
pdfTraining-of-trainers in the use of the DCP-DN pavement design method in MalawiInception ReportHongve, J.;Mukandila, E.2017The Roads Authority (RA) wishes to expand and embed the use of the DCP-DN Design Method for cost-effective design of Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) in Malawi. A project has been designed to undertake Training-of-trainers (ToT) for up to fifteen (15) candidates that have previously been trained up to an intermediate level of proficiency. This inception report provides an overview of activities carried out during inception phase. The ToT is expected to be combined with the design and construction of three identified road projects in order to elevate the national trainers to an advanced level of proficiency. The trainees will be divided in two groups of 7-8 persons each and be trained in two separate courses in the beginning of November 2017 and January 2018 respectively.
pdfImpacts and implications of gender mainstreaming in rural transport in TanzaniaPolicy BriefHelpAgeHelpAge2017In 2003, Tanzania adopted a National Transport Policy to mainstream gender in rural transport. However, little is known if the policy has been effectively applied and has resulted in transformative changes to the lives of women facing multiple forms of discrimination and exclusion. This research investigated whether women facing intersecting inequalities benefit from gender mainstreaming, identifying some of the constraints and factors facilitating transformative changes in programmes such as the Village Travel and Transport Programme (VTTP).
pdfProtocols for Improving the Proficiency of Material Testing Laboratories in MozambiqueWorkshop ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Pearce, B.2017AfCAP is supporting the implementation of a pilot project for proficiency testing in selected laboratories in Mozambique for road research. The Proficiency Testing Scheme (PTS) will work towards determining a baseline for the precision limits for each specific test included in the project. This report describes the project workshop and practical session held from 13th to 15th June 2017. The draft protocol for conducting the first round of the PTS pilot was discussed as well as assistance provided to ANE/LEM with the sampling and preparation of the sample splitting.
pdfBaseline survey report for 11 low volume sealed roads in KenyaFinal ReportAcross AfricaWaswa, A.;Onguko, G.2017The roads under study are spread across four counties in Central Region of Kenya; the baseline survey sought to investigate 11 trial sections to determine the performance of the nonstandard construction materials used on the roads. The roads showed very low base course CBR values; the deflection/stiffness of the pavements was highly variable along the section lengths and the surfacing on all the roads (cold mix asphalt) showed varied performance, with the majority performing very well and others showing cracks and ravelling.
pdfMonitoring and evaluation of low volume roads trial sections in EthiopiaFirst monitoring reportAlert Engineering; Hitcon EngineeringChali, H.;Araya, A. A.2017This AfCAP project in Ethiopia aims to set up a periodic monitoring and evaluation of constructed low volume road trials sections in Ethiopia, in particular in support of research into the use of non-standard materials for low volume sealed roads pavement. This report presents the first monitoring and evaluation of the demonstration/research trials with particular reference to the monitoring activities undertaken, the status and conditions of the trial sections together with outcomes to date. The report consist of general site description and location of the four trail section projects, pavement structure types and section descriptions. More over the report consist of outcomes and analysis of pavement evaluation works performed during the monitoring period and brief discussion of about the works performed and their indications.
pdfMonitoring and evaluation of low volume roads trial sections in EthiopiaInception ReportAlert Engineering; Hitcon EngineeringAraya, A. A.;Chali, H.2017This AfCAP project in Ethiopia aims to set up a periodic monitoring and evaluation of constructed low volume road trials sections in Ethiopia, in particular in support of research into the use of non-standard materials for low volume sealed roads pavement. This inception report details the monitoring programme and methodology to be applied.
pdfBaseline survey of past and current road sector research undertakings in Uganda and establishment of a research management systemUganda National Roads Authority (UNRA)Rubarenzya, M.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 addressing the AfCAP project on Baseline survey on current and past road sector research undertakings in Uganda and the establishment of an electronic research management system. The presentation covers the project rationale, objectives and set up, presents the key research findings and the set up of the management system. It furthermore provides some conclusions and recommendations emanating from the project.
pdfIdentification of hazardous spots and recommendation of remedial measures on selected rural roads in GhanaBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Afukaar, F.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 covering the AfCAP project in Ghana on the identification of accident black spots on rural roads and the development of a blackspot management system for the Department of Feeder Roads.
pdfMotorcycle and 3-wheeler studyTransaid; AmendRettie, N.;Wahome, G.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 addressing the AfCAP regional project on Motorcycles and 3-Wheelers that started in 2017. The presentation provides the project rationale, i.e. the difficulty of appropriate legal frameworks for the operation of motorcycles and 3-wheelers in many countries. The presentation furthermore addresses the initial findings in the partner countries and further steps to be undertaken.
pdfReCAP Gender mainstreaming in rural transport project clusterReCAP Technical PanelTanzarn, N.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017, covering the ReCAP gender mainstreaming research cluster of seven projects in Africa and Asia. The presentation highlights the significance of mainstreaming gender in rural transport and provides detail on the seven projects, the broad menu of topics they cover, their outputs and recommendations for future ReCAP action and involvement.
pdfEvaluation of the cost-beneficial improvement of first mile access on small scale farming and agricultural marketingInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Njenga, P.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 providing an overview of the AfCAP regional project on Evaluation of cost-beneficial improvements of first mile access for smallholder farming and agricultural marketing. The presentation addresses the rationale, project set up and methodology, the role of transport in the agricultural value chain and the access options for the first mile. Some first results are addressed.
pdfAccessibility and rural transport services overviewReCAP PMUBradbury, A.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 providing an overview of ReCAP Sustainable Access services research, including cross cutting issues. The presentation in particular addresses achievements in transport services research, such as diagnostics studies, gender mainstreaming research, progress in measuring rural access and safety related studies.
pdfCost/benefit analysis of SEACAP trials in VietnamIntech AssociatesCook, J.;Hine, J.;Petts, R.;Hien, N.;Tuan, P.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017, addressing a study in the costs and benefits of SEACAP trials on road pavement in Vietnam under the SEACAP programme in Southeast Asia. The assessment leads to a positive conclusion on the return on investment of the trials.
pdfSetting up Tractor based road maintenance demonstration unit in ZambiaIntech AssociatesGongera, K.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 addressing the setting up of a demonstration unit for tractor-based maintenance in Zambia. The presentation highlights the rationale for the use of tractor-based technology, selection of the pilot site for trialling, foreseen training modules and materials and challenges overcome so far.
pdfThe use of appropriate high-tech solutions for road condition and network analysis, with focus on satellite imageryTRL Ltd.Workman, R.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 providing an overview of the AfCAP regional project on the Use of high-tech solutions for road condition and network analysis, with a focus on satellite imagery. The presentation covered in particular the use for assessment of road condition, the features to be measured, ground truthing processes, as well as cost-effectiveness of the various technologies and the link with the Rural Access Index (RAI).
pdfPilot study to investigate a participatory approach for road side protection of rural roads in NepalHelvetasMeyer, H.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017 addressing the AsCAP project on Participatory approach to roadside plantation for rural roads in Nepal. The presentation covers the project set up and achievements to date, including key issues that were addressed such as the definition of the right-of-way, selection of plant species that are both protective and profitable, the integration potential of the poorest part of Nepal society.
pdfClimate adaptation of rural road networks to preserve accessibility and road assetsCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017, covering the AfCAP regional project on Climate resilience for vulnerable road access in Africa. The presentation provides an overview of the status of the project and recent outputs such as the Climate Adaptation Handbook and associated guidelines, which are currently being trialled in partner countries.
pdfEffective rural road asset managementCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.2017Presentation held at the IRIM 2017, providing an overview of the AfCAP regional project on Economic Growth through Effective Road Asset Management. the presentation addresses the concepts and tools used in the project to improve rural road asset management in the pilot countries, including the road preservation pyramid, the road asset management building blocks radar and the development of a rural roads preservation index.
pdfPreservation of Rural Infrastructure: Session OverviewReCAP PMUSampson, L.2017Presentation held at the IRIM2017 providing the session overview for the Plenary session on the preservation of rural road infrastructure. The presentation addresses the various sub-themes, such as asset management, climate resilience, road maintenance, etc.
pdfInvestigation of the use of cinder gravels in pavement layers for low volume roadsTRL Ltd.; Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Otto, A.;Endale, A.2017Presentation held at IRIM 2017 addressing the cinder gravels project in Ethiopia, implemented by TRL Ltd. The project aims include developing guidance on the selection, processing and use of cinder gravels, improve the understanding of its properties as pavement material for low volume roads. The presentation details outcomes of laboratory tests and includes recommendations for application elsewhere.
pdfSome Key Principles of Sustainable Rural AccessReCAP Technical PanelCook, J.2017Presentation held at IRIM 2017 addressing the three pillar strategic framework (or “Access Continuum”) of ReCAP that will guide research efforts in the remaining 2,5 years of the programme. The presentation highlights the link between Rural Transport and achieving the wider development framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and a set of key messages on rural access developed to feed into the multilateral development discourse. Furthermore the presentation focuses on the ReCAP research contributions on the topics of provision of Rural Access, including LVR design, materials use, performance management and measurement, standards and specifications and construction methods.
pdfPlanning and prioritisation of rural roads in BangladeshBangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET); Local Government Engineering Department (LGED), BangladeshAkhter, M.;Sadeque, M.2017Presentation held at IRIM 2017 addressing the development of a Rural Road Planning and Prioritisation Model (RPPM) addressing the local context, issues and needs in Bangladesh. The model enables the prioritisation of rural roads for improvement and maintenance by type of road development and type of road surface. The tool has proven to be successful in providing a wealth of information and is likely to be implemented in other districts in Bangladesh.
pdfRoad Design and the Physical Environment: Appropriate Design Options for Steep GradientsAn example from GhanaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Anochie-Boateng, J.;J.2017Presentation held at IRIM 2017 on the Steep gradients research project implemented in Ghana. The research looks into establishing appropriate design and construction techniques for steep road sections and develop guidelines and specifications.
pdfGender mainstreaming in rural road development and usage in EthiopiaMetaMetaMetaMeta2017This Policy Brief is based on findings from the research project ‘Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Road Construction and Usage in Ethiopia: Impact and Implications'. The research was conducted in Ethiopia's Amhara and Tigray regional states by MetaMeta (The Netherlands) and Mekelle University (Ethiopia) in 2016-2017.
pdfTransport Sector Leadership Development ProgrammeStakeholder Workshop ReportMott MacDonald; University of Cape TownZuidgeest, M.;Vanderschuren, M.;Nnene, O.;Hughes, D.;Jones, S.;Kelly, K.2017The Transport Sector Leadership Development Programme (TSLDP) is being created to develop the technical and managerial capacity of mid-career African transportation professionals and assist them to effectively deliver Africa's transportation infrastructure. This Programme Development Report, which is considered the equivalent of the Interim Report listed in the Terms of Reference, forms the third deliverable on the project and is intended to provide a summary of the findings of the needs assessment and the preferred structure and content of the programme to meet the learning objectives. This report is the Stakeholder Workshop Report, which summarises the workshop which took place at the 2nd IRF Africa Regional Congress in Windhoek, Namibia on 13th July 2017. Feedback taken from the workshop and a summary of associated recommendations of items that need to be included or considered in the programmes finalisation is also discussed.
pdfDevelopment of a Strategic Plan for the Establishment of Sustainable Road Research Capacity in the Research Division of Offices des Routes (OdR) in the DR CongoInception ReportSMEC Holdings LimitedSMEC Holdings Limited2017AfCAP has entrusted the Consultant 'SMEC' with the Development of a Strategic Plan for the Implementation of a Sustainable Road Research Capacity in the Research Division of Office des Routes (OdR) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This study is the first of the two phases of a larger project whose final objective is the actual installation and reinforcement of a Road Research Unit in the DRC. The launching of the second phase of the planned project will depend on the results of phase 1. This volume presents the "Inception Report" of the Development phase of a Strategic Plan for the Establishment of Sustainable Road Research Capacity in the Research Division of Offices des Routes (OdR) in the DRC. It includes the followings: o Project Kick-off meeting; o Detailed methodology of the study; o The detailed programme for the study
pdfAlternative Surfacing for Steep Hill Sections in Ghana - Phase 2Inception ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); Building and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Debrah, E.2017CSIR and BRRI Ghana are undertaking the second phase of a study on alternative surfacing for steep slopes on low-volume (feeder) roads in Ghana. This followed the first phase study to scope for and select suitable surfacing options for the current project. The objective of the current study is to identify, define and demonstrate appropriate surfacing options as alternatives to the current gravel wearing courses on the steep hill sections of feeder roads in Ghana, and to offer sustainable solutions to address drainage and erosion problems experienced by those steep sections. Demonstration sections will be designed and a nominated contractor will construct the pavements using cost-effective machinery and labour-based methods. The work will be carried out in the Eastern region of Ghana. The preliminary recommendations made in this report will be discussed further with the Dept for Feeder Roads to ensure effective implementation of the works.
pdfRoad Materials and Aggregate Inventory Database - Phase IRegional Stakeholders Workshop ReportOrion Consulting Associates (OCA); Link AseaBijl, J.;Corea, R.2017This report concerns the AfCAP regional project on Road Materials and Aggregate Inventory Database Phase 1. Phase 1 concerned the scoping study to identify system architecture. This report specifically covers a regional stakeholder workshop held on 5 September 2017 in Maputo, Mozambique, where the Consultant presented and discussed the Draft Database Report and the Recommendations Report.
pdfConsultancy Services for Scoping Study for PakistanFinal ReportMott MacDonaldAbedin, M.;Batool, Z.2017A scoping study has been conducted to ascertain the viability of AsCAP support for Pakistan, including the optimised structure of AsCAP support, and to recommend research areas, capacity building, dissemination and embedment strategies. It can be confirmed that AsCAP partnership with Pakistan is viable, and if structured and organised optimally, it will have a hugely beneficial impact on the rural road sub-sector of Pakistan. There is expressed interest across the political hierarchy in AsCAP support and two options for official partnership with AsCAP are analysed and presented in the report. A list of twelve (demand led) possible research topics as well as tentative costs has been presented in this Scoping Report. In addition a capacity building and dissemination strategy has been defined.
pdfRoad Materials and Aggregate Inventory Database - Phase 1Final Database ReportOrion Consulting Associates (OCA); Link AseaBijl, J.;Corea, R.2017This report covers the draft final database report of the AfCAP regional project on Road Materials and Aggregate Inventory Database Phase 1. Phase 1 concerned the scoping study to identify system architecture. During Phase 1 Task 2 (fieldwork consultations) the Consultant visited Mozambique, Ghana and Tanzania to better understand current systems for information management related to materials location and testing. Based on the stakeholders' needs, the database model (architecture) was conceptualised, the minimum system requirements defined and an action plan with an indicative budget for Phase 2 and Phase 3 developed. The Consultant presented and discussed the Draft Database Report and the Recommendations Report at the regional stakeholder workshop held on 5 September 2017 in Maputo, Mozambique. This final report incorporates the recommendations of the regional stakeholder workshop.
pdfEvaluation of the Effect of Road Condition on the Quality of Agricultural ProducePhase 2 ReportTRL Ltd.; International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Bradbury, A.;Hine, J.;Njenga, P.;Otto, A.;Muhia, G.;Willilo, S.2017The AfCAP project on the Evaluation of the Effect of Road Condition on the Quality of Agricultural Produce is concerned with the cost-beneficial improvement of ‘First Mile' access and the transport services associated with transferring harvest produce on the initial stages of movement from the farm to established road access. The research project will conduct fieldwork in Tanzania and Kenya to explore transport service and engineering solutions for the provision of improved access to markets for small scale farmers. The Phase 2 Report provides a comprehensive literature review covering five key themes around First Mile access and the effect of road condition on agricultural marketing. It provides feedback from two stakeholder workshops conducted in Tanzania and Kenya in July 2017, and explains the rationale for selection of two research sites in each country, providing a detailed description of each site against selection criteria. The report sets out the next steps for data collection in Phase 3 and the mixed methods approach to fieldwork comprising questionnaire surveys, key informant interviews and focus group discussions.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in the Motorcycle Taxi Sector in Rural Sierra Leone and LiberiaData Collection InstrumentsSwansea University, UK; Analysis Knowledge Answers (AKA Research)Peters, K.;Mokuwa, E.2017The below report provides details about the various research methods that will be used for a study (RAF2044K) which seeks to establish the main barriers and challenges women experience in becoming motorcycle taxi riders in rural settings in Sierra Leone and Liberia. The overwhelming majority of motorcycle operators in both countries are males, serving what is perhaps a majority female clientele. Data will also be gathered on the gendered impact of the availability of motorcycle taxis in the rural areas of both countries. The data collection tools are listed and discussed, and the methodology explained. The annexes include the various questionnaires that we will use to collect data and which will help us to answer our research questions.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in the Motorcycle Taxi Sector in Rural Sierra Leone and LiberiaInception ReportSwansea University, UK; Analysis Knowledge Answers (AKA Research)Peters, K.;Mokuwa, E.2017This research will establish the main barriers and challenges women experience in becoming motorcycle riders in rural settings in Sierra Leone and Liberia and how these can be overcome. This inception report covers the research objectives, questions and the methodology. The research will log rural women's needs for and use of rural transport provisions, with particular focus on motorcycle taxi transport. Furthermore, it assesses whether a pioneering community-driven rural track construction project in northern Liberia – designed to further facilitate rural motorcycle transportation and with explicit gender mainstreaming in design, planning, and implementation – empowers women and makes them more likely to take up the motorcycle taxi profession and/or opt for household/village roles or livelihood activities normally not associated with females.
pdfRural Transport Survey ReportTokali-Wechiau-Wa Road, Upper West Region, GhanaBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI); Swansea University, UKAfukaar, F.;Peters, K.;Damsere-Derry, J.2017This road survey was carried out in the framework of the AfCAP Rural Transport Diagnostic Study on Ghana (GHA2050A). This study was carried out in the Guinea savannah ecological zone in Ghana, focusing on the Tokali-Wechiau-Wa rural road in the Wa West District in the Upper West region. The study sought to understand the existing transport systems for the rural communities along and within the road's catchment area. The rapid rural appraisal methodology was used to gain a deep understanding of the existing rural transport systems based on in-depth qualitative interviews with transport users, operators, regulators and those concerned with socioeconomic development. This produced some valuable 'order of magnitude' estimates, related to movements of people and goods in the rural communities for distances greater than 5 km.
pdfRural Transport Survey ReportGyasikrom-Ayomso Road, Brong Ahafo Region, GhanaBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI); Swansea University, UKAfukaar, F.;Peters, K.;Damsere-Derry, J.2017This road survey was carried out in the framework of the AfCAP Rural Transport Diagnostic Study on Ghana (GHA2050A). This study seeks to understand the existing transport systems for rural communities along and within the catchment area of the Gyasikrom–Ayomso road, a low-volume road in Ghana's forested Brong Ahafo region. The rapid rural appraisal methodology was used which produced valuable 'order of magnitude' estimates in a relatively short period, related to movements of people and goods in the surveyed rural communities for distances greater than 5 km. Generally, transport users were dissatisfied with overloading, poor service predictability, long waiting times and high passenger fares.
pdfRural Transport Survey ReportAbor-Avenorpeme-Hatorgodo Road, Volta Region, GhanaBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI); Swansea University, UKAfukaar, F.;Peters, K.;Damsere-Derry, J.2017This road survey was carried out in the framework of the AfCAP Rural Transport Diagnostic Study on Ghana (GHA2050A). This rural transport study was undertaken in the Akatsi South District, Volta region, in Ghana's coastal savannah ecological zone. The study sought to understand the existing transport systems for the rural communities along and within the catchment area of Abor-Avenorpeme-Hatorgodo road. Using the rapid rural appraisal methodology, the study conducted a limited number of in-depth qualitative interviews of different transport users, operators, regulators and development-related stakeholders. Through this method, reliable ‘order of magnitude' estimates were derived, related to movements of people and goods, transport fares, tariffs and preferences of road users for travel distances greater than 5 km.
pdfRural Transport Diagnostic Study in GhanaStakeholder workshop reportBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI); Swansea University, UKAfukaar, F.;Peters, K.;Damsere-Derry, J.2017This report summarises the main discussion points, recommendations and suggestions, which culminated from the stakeholder workshop of the project on the Rural transport diagnostic study in Ghana. The workshop involved a plenary session where the consultants presented their reports followed by a break-up session for group discussions. The topics covered in the group discussions included: questions relating to use of formal means of public transport, questions relating to the provision of transport services by motorcycle (taxis) and motor tricycles, and cross-cutting issues, including financing of public transport on low volume roads and the roles of transport unions and the police. It was recommended that the Road Traffic Regulations 2012 (LI 2180) be reviewed to allow the commercial use of motorcycles and tricycles in rural areas. Other recommendations have been made and presented in this report.
pdfReCAP eNewsletter August 2017Safe and Sustainable Transport for Rural CommunitiesReCAP PMUReCAP PMU20177th edition of the ReCAP eNewsletter, August 2017: Contents: Measuring Universal Rural Access in the Sustainable Mobility for All initiative; Supporting future industry leaders; Enhancing rural transport systems in Sierra Leone and Liberia; Knowledge dissemination and exchange on motorcycle taxis; Short ReCAP News, Upcoming Calls and Events.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Trial Sections in Mozambique Incorporating Capacity Building of Road Research Centre PersonnelSite Visit Report: 2nd to 12th May 2017Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Vilinga, A.2017AfCAP is assisting the Mozambique National Roads Administration (ANE) to evaluate existing road experimental sections constructed previously in Mozambique under several programmes, including with AfCAP support. These trial sections were designed to demonstrate and verify different options in design, material utilisation and construction methods for rural roads (particularly low-volume rural roads- LVR). In order to achieve the objective of influencing future policy in the road sector, it is necessary to review the outcomes of all trial sections constructed in Mozambique and to start a process of establishing new trial sections. This report describes in brief the activities that were undertaken by the ANE research team and CDS in Maputo and at the site of the LTPP and Trial Sections in Maxixe, Inhambane Province in the period 2nd May to 12th May 2017.
pdfClimate resilience and adaptation: Engineering adaptation options and assessment workshopPaige-Green ConsultingPaige-Green, P.2017Presentation slides used for the AfCAP Climate Resilience and Adaptation workshop held at the 8th T2 Conference, May 2017, Livingstone, Zambia.
pdfResponding to climate change effects on rural roads through application of cost effective erosion control measuresA case study in ZimbabweWiggins, P.;Gongera, K.2017This is the T2 Conference presentation of the ReCAP supported paper on: Responding to climate change effects on rural roads through application of cost effective erosion control measures
pdfCommunity based rural transport solutions for improving access to essential health services in ZambiaTransaidSimfukwe, V.2017This is the T2 Conference presentation of the ReCAP supported paper on: Community based rural transport solutions for improving access to essential health services in Zambia.
pdfImplementing an Emergency Transport Scheme in rural MadagascarTransaidRamadany, A.2017This is the T2 Conference presentation of the ReCAP supporte paper on: Implementing an Emergency Transport Scheme in rural Madagascar.
pdfIntroduction of tractor based rural road maintenance approaches in ZambiaIntech Associates; Road Development Agency (RDA), ZambiaPetts, R.;Gongera, K.;Goma, J.2017This is the T2 Conference presentation of the ReCAP supported paper on: Introduction of tractor based rural road maintenance approaches in Zambia.
pdfThe impact of road surface condition on rural transport servicesTRL Ltd.; Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Otto, A.;Endale, A.2017This is the T2 Conference presentation of the ReCAP supported paper on: The impact of road surface condition on rural transport services.
pdfThe use of RoadRoid application and smart phones for road condition monitoring in developing countriesNigerian Building and Road Research Institute (NBRRI)Akinmade, O.;Cinfwat, K.;Ibrahim, A.;Omange, G.2017This is the T2 Conference presentation of the ReCAP supported paper on: The use of RoadRoid application and smart phones for road condition monitoring in developing countries.
pdfRoad traffic injury in Tanzania: Development of a local government road safety programmeAmend; Prime Minister's Office, Regional Administration and Local Government (PMO-RALG), TanzaniaBishop, T.;Magafu, F.2017This is the T2 Conference presentation of the ReCAP supported paper on: Road traffic injury in Tanzania: Development of a local government road safety programme
pdfImproving Road Safety through National and Regional Standards for Professional Driver Training in East AfricaTransaidBarber, C.2017This is the T2 Conference presentation of the ReCAP-supported paper on: Improving Road Safety through National and Regional Standards for Professional Driver Training in East Africa.
pdfLife-cycle cost comparison of alternative surfacing for steep slopes on low volume roads in GhanaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Anochie-Boateng, J.2017This is the T2 Conference presentation of the ReCAP-supported paper on: Life-cycle cost comparison of alternative surfacing for steep slopes on low volume roads in Ghana
pdfMalawi: Agriculture Sector Wide Approach – Support Project (ASWAP-SP)Final Technical Audit ReportInfraAfrica (Pty) LtdPinard, M. I.;Hongve, J.;Mukandila, E.2017As part of AfCAP's support to the roads sector in Malawi, a technical audit exercise has been carried out on five separate road projects that are financed by the World Bank. These projects are a component of the Agriculture Sector Wide Approach – Support Project (ASWAP - SP) which is aimed at increasing access to agricultural input and output markets in Malawi. The main purpose of the audit was to expose key stakeholder in the roads sector in Malawi to the fundamentals of technical auditing of road projects and, in the process, to assess the extent to which the design and construction of the road projects comply with the prescribed procedures, standards and specifications set down in the project documents.
pdfResponding to climate change effects on rural roads through application of cost effective erosion control measuresA case study in ZimbabweWiggins, P.;Gongera, K.2017Erosion damages have long been a problem for the maintenance of rural roads by causing extensive damages to the road system necessitating expensive repairs, and the damages from erosion effects are rising. Climate change is increasing the severity of droughts and extreme rainfall incidents resulting in increased runoff and siltation that overwhelms the road drainage systems and cause extensive damages. The Zimbabwe “Erosion Control Programme” ran from 1996 to 2002, provides evidence of the effectiveness of this type of intervention. Erosion Control Units were set-up countrywide, tackling identified erosion damages following a planned approach utilizing gabions and deep-rooted vetiver grass. Recent follow-up inspections to selected sites have confirmed that the measures are still effective after 15 over years of implementing the project.
pdfCommunity based rural transport solutions for improving access to essential health services in ZambiaTransaidSimfukwe, V.;Mubuyaeta, K.;O'Connor, E.2017The MORE Mobilising Access to Maternal Health Services in Zambia (MORE MAMaZ) programme was an integrated programme that empowered rural communities and aimed to improve health outcomes for women living in rural Zambia. Running between March 2014 and September 2016 the programme was implemented by a consortium comprised of Development Data, Disacare, Health Partners International and Transaid and was funded by Comic Relief/DfID. The Emergency Transport Scheme (ETS) uses non-motorised Intermediate Modes of Transport (IMTs) to reduce the barrier in accessing health care services in rural communities, particularly for pregnant women. After a comprehensive assessment, bicycle ambulances were selected for use in four of the districts and ox carts were chosen in Mongu district. Data from the five programme districts show that the percentage of women delivering at a health facility has increased from 64% at baseline to 89% at the end-line.
pdfImplementing an Emergency Transport Scheme in rural MadagascarTransaidRamadany, A.;Eagan, S.;Barber, C.;Kruse, I.2017This paper examines the challenges and opportunities of emergency transport in isolated communities in rural Madagascar through an innovative programme with a holistic approach to providing quality health care services. The Community Based Integrated Health Programme, known locally as MAHEFA, was a five-year USAIDfunded programme led by JSI Research & Training Institute, Inc., and implemented in partnership with Transaid, The Manoff Group and 15 national NGOs. The overall aim of the programme was to reduce maternal, child, and new-born mortality and malnutrition rates through increasing the uptake of health-related community-based interventions and essential products.
pdfIntroduction of tractor based rural road maintenance approaches in ZambiaIntech Associates; Road Development Agency (RDA), ZambiaPetts, R.;Gongera, K.;Goma, J.2017This paper investigates the need, rationale and challenges of introducing more affordable and sustainable unpaved road maintenance in Zambia through the introduction of proven agricultural tractor based technology methods. The paper discusses exploratory consultations with key stakeholders in the road sector, Local Government, national service, training and agricultural sector, credit institutions, potential equipment suppliers, and potential partners in the private sector. The investigations concluded that there are clear cost and sustainability advantages for the introduction of such approaches. In broad terms, unit road maintenance costs could be approximately halved, thus doubling the possible network coverage with the already available funds. The paper also looks at the potential to reduce the maintenance burden and generate increased maintenance funding.
pdfThe impact of road surface condition on rural transport servicesTRL Ltd.; Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Otto, A.;Endale, A.2017This paper is based on a case-study of a road improvement project carried out in Ethiopia. The road improvement works were carried out between 2007 and 2016. The results show that improvement of the surface standard of a gravel road to a paved standard led to an immediate increase in the number of trips of public transport vehicles. The increase in number of trips provided opportunities for cheaper transport fares for the local community and in turn encouraged more travel to support economic and social activities. The study also showed that if a road surface condition deteriorates significantly, certain types of public transport vehicles either stop the provision of services or decrease the number of trips made. It is therefore important to maintain the rural road conditions to carefully selected performance thresholds in order for public transport services to thrive and support the socio-economic well-being of the rural communities, and in turn the economy of the country.
pdfThe use of RoadRoid application and smart phones for road condition monitoring in developing countriesNigerian Building and Road Research Institute (NBRRI)Akinmade, O.;Cinfwat, K.;Ibrahim, A.;Omange, G.2017Road roughness data, which can be an indicator of road condition, can be collected using the in-built accelerometer available in smart phones in a simple and cost-efficient way. The possibility of continuous data collection can also give early warnings of road surface changes and road damage; thus, enabling new ways of road maintenance management. The smart phone-based system equipped with the Roadroid application software is an alternative to Class 4 – subjective rating of roads where it is impossible to use heavy, complex and expensive equipment, and for bicycle lanes. A road section exhibiting different road condition levels in Jabi District of Abuja in Nigeria was identified and the road condition survey was conducted using the Roadroid application. Arterial roads within the metropolis of Abuja, Nigeria are being monitored using this application. Developing countries can take advantage of this powerful tool to help in their road inventories, inception reports, tactical planning, program analysis, support maintenance and project evaluation, especially in the era of economic challenges and dearth of road funds.
pdfRoad traffic injury in Tanzania: Development of a local government road safety programmeAmend; Prime Minister's Office, Regional Administration and Local Government (PMO-RALG), TanzaniaBishop, T.;Magafu, F.2017The DFID-funded Improving Rural Access in Tanzania programme (IRAT) is improving rural roads by removing ‘bottlenecks' – stretches of road which are impassable during the rainy season. However, improved roads also result in increased traffic and often in higher speeds, which can create safety risks. Research carried out in Tanzania has shown that 95% of rural road crash victims are either the driver or passenger of a motorcycle, the severity of injuries suffered in crashes involving motorcycle is greater than those suffered in crashes involving other modes, and road user behaviour, road design, road surface condition and construction techniques all contribute to rural motorcycle crashes. This paper discusses the development of a road safety programme for local government authorities in Tanzania.
pdfImproving Road Safety through National and Regional Standards for Professional Driver Training in East AfricaTransaidRettie, N.;Barber, C.2017Whilst East Africa has significant trade potential, high transport costs are restrictive, in part attributed to high incidences of road crashes. Inadequate professional driver training and a lack of clearly recognised regional standards led the EAC Secretariat to support the harmonisation of standards throughout the region. Transaid carried out a review of current training procedures used across the EAC to identify best practice and inform the development of the driver training curriculum and associated training materials. Transaid completed a standardised competence-based training curriculum specifying minimum standards of ability for drivers and clear training (theoretical and practical) modules with guidelines for trainers. Transaid collaborated with the transport regulator in Tanzania to assess current training provision for boda boda riders, review existing training materials and develop a new standardised curriculum. The new curriculum was officially launched in March 2016.
pdfLife-cycle cost comparison of alternative surfacing for steep slopes on low volume roads in GhanaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); ReCAP PMU; Department of Feeder Roads GhanaAnochie-Boateng, J.;Sampson, L.;Agyekum, P.;Ampadu, K.2017An AfCAP study was conducted to identify alternative surfacing options to gravel wearing courses used on steep gradients (in excess of 12%) of feeder roads in Ghana. A major outcome was three surfacing options (i.e. concrete, bituminous and stone setts/cobbles) that would be more effective to address drainage and erosion problems on the steep section than gravel wearing courses currently used by the Department of Feeder Roads (DFR). The objective of this paper is to present a life-cycle cost comparison of six pavement options proposed for steep hilly sections of feeder roads in Ghana. The economic evaluation methodology adopted is the present worth of cost. Although not very decisively, the life-cycle cost analysis of the six pavements indicated that with a real discount rate of 12%, 70 mm ultra-thin reinforced concrete surfacing has the lowest cost (GBP 72.4/m²), whereas 50 mm hot-mix asphalt emerged as the option with the highest cost (GBP 91.7/m²). Based on the analysis results, it is concluded that all six pavement options remain cost-effective structures compared with a gravel wearing course.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in Rural Road Construction and Usage in Ethiopia: Impacts and ImplicationsProgress ReportMetaMeta; Mekelle University, EthiopiaBorgia, C.;Abhishek, A.;Fajardo Vera, L.;Manjur, K.2017The project examines gender mainstreaming in rural road construction and usage in Ethiopia's Amhara and Tigray regions. This progress report marks the completion of a significant part of data collection during the reporting period January-March 2017. Provisional results were validated at two stakeholder workshops in Tigray and Amhara. They highlighted that women accord a higher value to feeder roads than men; that due to the scarcity of rural transport options, unsuitable three wheeler vehicles and buses service the feeder roads; and the spread of Intermediate Means of Transport (IMT) is limited by high running costs and poor road condition. Some key themes have emerged from the research, which will form a basis for the policy outputs. Dissemination activities have been carried out throughout the project period through blogs, videos, and workshops; and will continue, culminating in a webinar towards the end of the research.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in Rural Road Construction and Usage in Ethiopia: Impact and ImplicationsInception ReportMetaMeta; Mekelle University, EthiopiaAbhishek, A.;Fajardo Vera, L.;Manjur, K.2017The project examines gender mainstreaming in rural road construction and usage in Ethiopia's Amhara and Tigray regions. This report covers the Inception phase of the project. During inception, analysis of data from 529 households revealed key differences between male and female-headed households, in terms of how they benefit from road construction and access to transport. Consultations with local stakeholders helped validate these findings, elucidate the socio-economic context behind them, and identify the most promising solutions and areas of intervention. Key findings show that female-headed households bear a higher risk of losing their land to road construction while having lower mobility along completed roads; that road usage is very low in general which also reflects the paucity of available rural transport options; that women have less access to available options; and that Intermediate Means of Transport (IMTs) show a high potential for filling the transport gap. Based on the findings, the research methodology and questions were fine-tuned and tested. Research was initiated among communities along four feeder roads constructed through Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme. This sets the tone for Phase 2 where the bulk of the field research is to be carried out.
pdfInfraAfrica Recruitment Zambia Manuals (temporary file)InfraAfrica (Pty) LtdInfraAfrica2017Recruitment of Expert team for Zambia LVR manuals
pdfEconomic Growth Through Effective Road Asset ManagementConsolidated Baseline Study ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Lema, C.;Bopoto, C.;Gongera, K.;Pinard, M. I.2017The Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) is providing technical assistance to foster improvements in asset management performance in selected rural road agencies in four countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The four countries participating are Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone and the Western Cape region of South Africa. This report presents the consolidated baseline data in road asset management for each of the participating countries relative to a framework for assessing asset management performance covering external/political factors, institutional arrangements, management of the road network, financing, technical aspects and operations. The establishment of the baseline showed that significant gaps in pre-requisites for sustainable road preservation exist in three project countries.
pdfEnvironmental and Social Impact Assessment for the Proposed Miathene-Mikinduri Road (D484), Meru CountyESIA Project ReportNorken International LtdNorken International Ltd2017The Government of Kenya (GoK), through the Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA) and Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP), is proposing to upgrade Road No. D484 (Kianjai-Miathene -Mikinduri Road) in Meru County from its present gravel status to low volume sealed status. This Environmental and Socio-Economic Impact Assessment (ESIA) project report describes the nature of road upgrading to be undertaken; reviews the relevant national policy, legislation, regulations, rules and standards as well as international conventions; reviews the baseline conditions in Meru County; analyses alternatives to the project; identifies both potential positive and negative environmental and socio-economic impacts; assesses these the impacts; and provides environmental and social management and monitoring plan.
pdfTransport Sector Leadership Development ProgrammeExecutive SummaryMott MacDonald; University of Cape TownMott MacDonald;University of Cape Town2017The Transport Sector Leadership Development Programme (TSLDP) is being created to develop the managerial capacity of young African transportation professionals so they will have the capacity to deliver Africa's transportation infrastructure. This Executive Summary as of July 2017 covers the implementation options, programme content and delivery structure, associated costs and candidate selection. The summary was prepared for the TSLDP stakeholder workshop held in Windhoek, Namibia on 13 July 2017.
pdfTransport Sector Leadership Development ProgrammeSupporting Africa's Future Transportation LeadersMott MacDonaldNnene, O.2017This presentation on the AfCAP Transport Sector Leadership Development Programme was held at the 2nd IRF Africa Regional conference on 12 July 2017 as a general introduction on the context and aims of the project.
pdfTransport Sector Leadership Development ProgrammeStakeholder WorkshopMott MacDonald; University of Cape TownMott MacDonald;University of Cape Town2017The AfCAP Transport Sector Leadership Development Programme, implemented by Mott MacDonald and the University of Cape Town, held a stakeholder workshop at the 2nd IRF Africa Regional Conference on 13 July 2017. These are the slides used during the highly interactive workshop, outlining the programme and the various options for its content, implementation, accreditation etc.
pdfCapacity Building and Skills Development Programme for the Laboratories of the Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (LoGITReC) in TanzaniaCapacitation of Laboratory Staff: Phase 2Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.;Ventura, D.2017This project is aimed at supporting the objective of establishing a state-of-the-art Central Materials Research Laboratory (CMRL) in Tanzania that will support research activities and conduct quality control testing of materials used in Local Government road works; and capacitating the CMRL with the necessary personnel and equipment, through the training of laboratory personnel, to enable the facility to operate as a reference laboratory for the regional materials laboratories of PO-RALG. This report is part of the second project deliverable and focuses on: (i) the secondment of the LoGiTReC Laboratory Manager to an ISO 17025 accredited research laboratory, (ii) the hands-on training of the technicians undertaken at LoGITReC Central Materials Research Laboratory in Dodoma, as per second project deliverable.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Existing Trial Sections and Implementation of Regional Guidelines for Establishing and Monitoring Trial Sections in TanzaniaInception ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, G.;Anochie-Boateng, J.;Merwe, A. van der2017This project will provide technical assistance to the LoGITReC Research Team as well as technicians and engineers in the roads sector and academia in Tanzania, to establish, carry out the monitoring surveys and evaluation of trial sections in accordance with standardised protocols. The project is aimed at addressing all aspects of Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) assessments, integrating capacity building throughout its implementation. This Inception Report highlights the progress of work at the inception phase and indicates how subsequent tasks/activities will be undertaken to achieve the objectives of the project. A revised programme plan is also provided in this report to guide the project team on the implementation of the project.
pdfTraining-of-Trainers from Ghana, Sierra Leone and Liberia in the DCP-DN Design MethodTraining Report Course 1Hongve, J.;Mukandila, E.;Pinard, M. I.2017The first of the three planned courses for the Trainee Trainers (TT) project was conducted over two weeks from 29th May to 9th June, 2017 with five participants from Ghana and two from Liberia. As per the training approach, the Trainees got to practice their skills in delivering a full course in DCP-DN design method to a group of 8 new trainees during the second week of the ToT Course. Following the completion of the full courses, it is expected that the certified Trainers will be able to champion and conduct courses in the DCP-DN Environmentally Optimised Design of Low Volume Sealed Roads within their respective countries.
pdfMTRD Capacity Building and Knowledge Management Needs AssessmentFinal ReportMaterials Testing & Research Division (MTRD), Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure, KenyaHeerden, M. van;Jennings, D.2017This is the report of a study about the capacity building needs of Materials Testing and Research Division (MTRD) of the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure Housing and Urban Development (MOTIHUD) of Kenya, in order to meet the expectations of the Division's strategic plan. Since MTRD is a knowledge based organisation, which converts heavy engineering materials data and processes into information and knowledge; the capacity building study also emphasised the knowledge management aspects of the needs of the organisation as well as the other capacity building requirements.
pdfThe Contribution of Rural Transport to the Sustainable Development GoalsFact SheetPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)SLoCaT2017 Rural transport plays an indispensable role in achieving more than half of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and fulfilling the promise of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to ‘leave no one behind'. To underscore the critical role of rural transport in achieving the SDGs, a set of key messages has been developed in the framework of the UKAid funded Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP), facilitated by the Partnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT), to explain how rural transport plays a key role in realizing the SDGs. This factsheet summarises the key messages and underwrites them with research evidence emanating from ReCAP research and other authoritative sources.
pdfThe Use of Appropriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition Analysis, with a Focus on Satellite ImageryFinal Trials ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.2017The project investigates potential uses of appropriate and cost-effective high-tech solutions in helping LICs to improve their knowledge of the location and condition of their rural road networks. This report covers satellite condition trials carried out in Ghana, Kenya, Zambia and Tanzania. Imagery was procured for all countries at very high resolution, along with SAR imagery and some lower resolution imagery to test the feasibility of reducing the cost. Training has been completed in all countries in GIS applications and image interpretation, in order to prepare the teams to assess road condition from the imagery. Some conclusions and recommendations have been made, which focuses on maximising the strengths of the manual assessment system, whilst identifying the weaknesses. These lessons learned were used to develop the methodology to be included in the final guideline. The project will conduct a workshop at the T2 conference in Zambia during May 2017, where the potential for practically implementing the high-tech solutions identified, including the satellite imagery assessment, will be explored.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaInception Report for Phase 2Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); St Helens Consulting; Paige-Green ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Head, M.;Roux, A. le;Paige-Green, P.2017In order to help address the significant threat to Africa's development climate change poses, the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) has commissioned a two-phased project that started in April 2016 and is expected to be completed by December 2018, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. The output will assist the development of a climate-resilient road network that reaches fully into and between rural communities. This Inception Report for Phase 2 outlines the general methodology and programme that will be followed with respect to demonstrations, capacity building, uptake and embedment, and provides information on progress on the Adaptation Handbook and associated guidelines; workshops held in Tanzania and Zambia; and correlation between the proposed vulnerability assessment methodology and those developed by the World Bank, the European Union and the Asian Development Bank.
pdfDevelopment of National Business Plans for the Establishment of Road Research Units/Centres in AsCAP member countriesInception reportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2017Based on the outcomes of project scoping exercises undertaken in three AsCAP countries (Bangladesh, Myanmar and Nepal), the need for the establishment of road research capacity within the partner government departments was identified as a high priority. AsCAP initiated a project to develop action/establishment plans supporting the needs of each country. These plans would address issues such as sustainable institutional arrangements, capacity building interventions and funding sources to support the road research centre or unit on an ongoing basis. This Inception Report presents the results of interactions held with key stakeholders in Myanmar and Nepal during May 2017. The objectives of these interactions were to identify the specific needs and to gain an understanding of how the individual government departments would like to establish road research management capacity within their existing institutional frameworks. The report also outlines a revised workplan to achieve the main objective, namely to develop business plans for the three countries, and secure their endorsement by Steering Committees established in those countries, so as to guide the partner government departments with the physical establishment of the research units/centres.
pdfGround Improvement for Khulna Soft Clay SoilInterim Laboratory Test ReportMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2017The specific objective of this project identified in the ToR is ‘to establish a cost effective ground improvement technique(s) which will be applicable in Khulna and other similar regions which have soft soils'. This Interim Laboratory Test Report presents the methodologies employed and initial factual findings of site investigation field visits undertaken at 7 No. rural road sites between the 28th of January and the 5th of February 2017. The 7 No. sites were selected from an initial list of 35 No. locations presented in the Inception Report and were selected as they were seemingly representative of 7 No. common features / key road failure issues as identified in the Field Situation Analysis Report. At each site, in-situ testing was conducted using a Panda 2 Probe which is a manually operated variable energy input dynamic cone penetrometer. Soil samples were also taken from various levels within the highways earthworks for standard geotechnical laboratory classification.
pdfGround Improvement for Khulna Soft Clay SoilInception ReportMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2016The specific objective of this project identified in the ToR is ‘to establish a cost effective ground improvement technique(s) which will be applicable in Khulna and other similar regions which have soft soils'. The Inception Report is the first of seven key milestones in the delivery of the project. In this report, the sources of information gathered and studied for the literature review are presented and their content appraised. The wider geology of Bangladesh is examined and identified with the focus then narrowing on the project study area of the Khulna region. Typical high-level geotechnical parameters are presented for the soft soil ground conditions that impact construction and infrastructure in the Khulna Region; the negative impact of soft ground on such assets being assessed in detail. Sites of rural road infrastructure in Khulna Region (and other areas) suitable for further investigation and study are identified in the Report.
pdfThe contribution of rural transport to achieve the Sustainable Development GoalsReCAP PMU; Partnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)Cook, J.;Petts, R.;Visser, C.;Yiu, A.2017Rural transport plays an indispensable role in achieving more than half of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and fulfilling the promise of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to ‘leave no one behind'. To underscore the critical role of rural transport in achieving the SDGs, a set of key messages has been developed in the framework of the UKAid funded Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP), facilitated by the Partnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT), to explain how rural transport plays a key role in realizing the SDGs. This paper analyses the contribution of rural transport in achieving the SDGs through the lens of the five key messages, based on research and evidence from a wide range of authoritative sources including ReCAP and preceding programmes.
pdfModerating an online AfCAP LVR-DCP Software User ForumInception ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Beer, M. de;Rensburg, Y. van2016AfCAP has developed pavement design software for low volume roads (LVR), named AfCAP LVR-DCP Software, together with the associated Software Help File (SHF), and has made it available on a “free to use” basis on the ReCAP website. The users of this important LVR design software are supported through an inter-active User Forum that will also be used for further development and refinement of the software. This inception report addresses such assistance to ReCAP provided by the CSIR.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisPhase 1 Stakeholder Workshop ReportTRL Ltd.Zihni, J.2017Phase 1 of the Back Analysis project involves the collection and processing of evidence relating to the performance of existing and previous LVSRs over the last forty years. The main activity during this phase was development of a Low Volume Roads (LVR) database containing data on LVSR sections in Sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia that were collected over a number of decades, including aspects of their design, construction and maintenance that have influenced their in-service performance. The purpose of this report is to record the proceedings of the Phase 1 Stakeholder Workshop held in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania from 5th to 6th April 2017. The workshop outlined activities undertaken in Phase 1 and the methodological approach for delivering Phase 2 and 3 of the project.
pdfEvaluation of the Effect of Road Condition on the Quality of Agricultural ProduceInception ReportTRL Ltd.; International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Bradbury, A.;Hine, J.;Otto, A.;Njenga, P.2017The project is concerned with the cost-beneficial improvement of ‘First Mile' access and the transport services associated with transferring harvest produce on the initial stages of movement from the farm to established road access. The research project will conduct fieldwork in Tanzania and Kenya to explore transport service and engineering solutions for the provision of improved access to markets for small scale farmers with reduced overheads and improved timeliness, and improving contributions to poverty reduction and food security. This Inception Report sets out the purpose, aims and objectives of the research, and reiterates the approach and methodology for delivering the project, while providing some background to the issue of smallholder farming and agricultural marketing in Kenya and Tanzania. It outlines the key activities undertaken during the Inception Phase, including the identification of key counterparts from government authorities in each country, and development of site selection criteria.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisPhase 1 Final ReportTRL Ltd.Rolt, R.;Mukura, K.;Buckland, T.;Otto, A.;Mayanja, M.;Zihni, J.2017The Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) through Back Analysis project involves the review of previous LVSR studies on the design and performance of pavements and materials in a variety of environments. The project is in three Phases. Phase 1 involved the collection and processing of evidence relating to the performance of existing and previous LVSRs over the last forty years. This report provides a record of activities completed in Phase 1, comprising a preliminary gap analysis of long term pavement performance metrics following a review of existing data and identification of potential gaps in the knowledge base. The main activity during this phase was development of a Low Volume Roads (LVR) database containing data on LVSR sections in Sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia that were collected over a number of decades, including aspects of their design, construction and maintenance that have influenced their in-service performance.
pdfPromotion of Sustainable Rural Access in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable DevelopmentFirst Progress ReportPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)Yiu, A.;Huizenga, C.2017The Partnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT) is implementing a project commissioned by the UK Aid-funded Research for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP) to promote sustainable rural access as a viable component of the implementation strategies for achieving SDG and to ensure its inclusion in the high-level, multi-lateral discourse on sustainable transport and rural development. This document reports on the current progress and summarizes the outputs produced under the three workstreams: 1) Advocacy and Outreach; 2) Global and Regional Dialogues; and 3) Operationalization of SDGs during Implementation Phase I of the joint project from 16 December 2016 to 12 April 2017.
pdfTransforming Rural Access: motorcycles, low-cost infrastructure and appropriate standardsWorkshop slidesTransaidTRANSAID2017Workshop slides used for the AfCAP workshop on Transforming Rural Access: motorcycles, low-cost infrastructure and appropriate standards at the 8th T2 Conference, May 2017, Livingstone, Zambia.
pdfTransforming Rural Access: Motorcycle taxis, low-cost infrastructure and appropriate standardsFinal Workshop ReportTransaidBarber, C.;Simfukwe, V.2017In many countries motorcycles and motorcycle taxis are the most common vehicles and may account for 75% of passenger and freight transport on Low Volume Rural Roads. ReCAP has funded recent research on motorcycle taxis and recently organised a webinar or motorcycles which was attended by people from 24 different countries. The Transportation Technology Transfer (T2) conference 2017 was an excellent opportunity to build on the momentum of these activities and facilitate discussion and dissemination on this important topic. This workshop report covers the workshop methodology and programme. It provides a summary of valuable group discussions covering topics such as the role and potential of motorcycle taxi associations to self-regulate and improve rural access and safety, regulation, safety and training and finally community based labour to build tracks/improve infrastructure to improve rural mobility.
pdfTransport Sector Leadership Development ProgrammeInterim Phase I Report: Programme DevelopmentMott MacDonald; University of Cape TownKelly, K.;Zuidgeest, M.;Vanderschuren, M.;Nnene, O.;Hughes, D.2017The Transport Sector Leadership Development Programme (TSLDP) is being created to develop the managerial capacity of young African transportation professionals so they will have the capacity to deliver Africa's transportation infrastructure. This report, in fulfilment of the requirements of the Interim Report, discusses the findings from the needs assessment and development of the course structure and content. The programme will likely need to be offered as modular Continuous Professional Development (CDP) course initially to fit within the necessary implementation timelines.
pdfModerating an online AfCAP LVR-DCP Software User ForumFrequently Asked Questions ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Beer, M. de;Rensburg, Y. van2017AfCAP has developed pavement design software for low volume roads (LVR), named AfCAP LVR-DCP Software, together with the associated Software Help File (SHF), and has made it available on a “free to use” basis on the ReCAP website. The users of this important LVR design software are supported through an inter-active User Forum that will also be used for further development and refinement of the software. This document reports on the initiation of discussion and also frequently asked questions (FAQ) aimed at further stimulating user discussion on the associated Users LVR-DCP Forum web page.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementT2 Workshop slidesCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaCivil Design Solutions, Africa2017Presentation slides used for the AfCAP Road Asset Management workshop held at the 8th T2 Conference, May 2017, Livingstone, Zambia.
pdfRoad Materials and Aggregate Inventory Database - Phase IInception ReportOrion Consulting Associates (OCA); Link AseaBijl, J.;Corea, R.2017This report covers the inception period of the AfCAP regional project Road Materials and Aggregate Inventory Database Phase 1. Phase 1 covers the scoping study to identify a suitable architecture for a materials database. During the Inception stage, a desk review and stakeholder survey was carried out to assess the current institutional framework for materials information management in the partner countries as well as their current materials database systems and needs. Of those who responded, only one (1) partner (Ethiopia) has only recently developed a materials database, which is currently being trialled. The main priority of the stakeholders is to have a materials database with a mapping tool showing borrow pits and quarries, their typical properties and potential use in road works. Based on the stakeholder feedback, the proposed countries to be visited during Task 2 (fieldwork consultations) for problem analysis, conceptualising the database model and defining the system requirements are Ghana, Ethiopia and Mozambique. In addition, the Consultant proposes to visit Namibia to review their well-tested materials database system.
pdfAn introductory Webinar: Motorcycle Taxis in the Rural Context in Sub-Saharan Africa and South AsiaWebinar slidesTransaidTRANSAID2017On the 6th of April 2017, Transaid facilitated a ReCAP introductory webinar on the topic of Motorcycle Taxis in a rural context in Africa and Asia. The webinar addressed the role of motorcycle taxis in enabling people in rural Uganda access health care, regulations that are being implemented to manage motorcycle taxis in Tanzania, research on helmet use in Myanmar and innovations and technology which are changing the way people access motorcycle taxis. This document contains the webinar slideshow.
pdfAn introductory Webinar: Motorcycle Taxis in the Rural Context in Sub-Saharan Africa and South AsiaFinal ReportTransaidTRANSAID2017On the 6th of April 2017, Transaid facilitated a ReCAP introductory webinar on the topic of Motorcycle Taxis in a rural context in Africa and Asia. The webinar addressed the role of motorcycle taxis in enabling people in rural Uganda access health care, regulations that are being implemented to manage motorcycle taxis in Tanzania, research on helmet use in Myanmar and innovations and technology which are changing the way people access motorcycle taxis. This final report addresses the webinar metrics, programme and outcomes.
pdfPDG 1: Pavement Design Guideline for Low Volume Sealed RoadsSecond EditionMinistry of Transport, Infrastructure, Housing & Urban Development, KenyaMinistry of Transport, Infrastructure, Housing & Urban Development, Kenya2017This Low volume sealed roads design guideline was developed by the Kenya Ministry of Transport, Infrastructure, Housing and Urban Development through the Materials Testing and Research Department (MTRD) with technical assistance of TRL Ltd. (United Kingdom) under the AFCAP programme funded by the UKAID. To achieve the government's set objectives, it is necessary to adopt appropriate pavement design methods and related materials specifications that lead to the development of environmentally optimised road designs, which minimise design, construction and maintenance costs. The Guideline takes account of best practice developments in low volume roads technology that have evolved both regionally and internationally in the past few decades. The development of the Guideline was undertaken in close consultation with the stakeholders in the roads sector.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart G: Road MaintenanceEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Ethiopian Roads Authority2016The Manual is intended for use by roads practitioners responsible for the design, construction and maintenance of low traffic earth, gravel or paved (sealed) roads. It is appropriate for roads which, over their design life, are required to carry an average of up to about 300 vehicles per day, and less than about 1.0 million equivalent standard axles (mesa). The Manual complements and links to the ERA design manuals for higher traffic roads and is accompanied by ERA documents dealing with Technical Specifications, Drawings and appropriate level Bidding Documents. Part G specifically sets out guidance for weredas, kebeles and all local communities on how to maintain their own road access using the limited resources available to them. It also advises how it may be possible to mobilise outside resources to enhance the impact of local initiatives.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart E: Explanatory Notes and Design Standards for Small StructuresEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Ethiopian Roads Authority2016The Manual is intended for use by roads practitioners responsible for the design, construction and maintenance of low traffic earth, gravel or paved (sealed) roads. It is appropriate for roads which, over their design life, are required to carry an average of up to about 300 vehicles per day, and less than about 1.0 million equivalent standard axles (mesa). The Manual complements and links to the ERA design manuals for higher traffic roads and is accompanied by ERA documents dealing with Technical Specifications, Drawings and appropriate level Bidding Documents. Part E deals with small drainage and watercourse crossing structures, typically up to 10 metres span, and retaining structures. It provides detailed guidance on the processes involved with the planning and design of small drainage and other structures for low volume roads.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart D: Construction of Low Volume RoadsEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Ethiopian Roads Authority2016The Manual is intended for use by roads practitioners responsible for the design, construction and maintenance of low traffic earth, gravel or paved (sealed) roads. It is appropriate for roads which, over their design life, are required to carry an average of up to about 300 vehicles per day, and less than about 1.0 million equivalent standard axles (mesa). The Manual complements and links to the ERA design manuals for higher traffic roads and is accompanied by ERA documents dealing with Technical Specifications, Drawings and appropriate level Bidding Documents. Part D deals with a wide range of issues relating to the construction of LVRs that the contractor and supervisor need to consider and to act upon, whether these parties are provided in-house or externally procured. Construction issues include the choice of construction method, material utilisation options, control of the quality of the works (especially compaction and layer thicknesses), and proper management of borrow pit operations.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart C: Complimentary InterventionsEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Ethiopian Roads Authority2016The Manual is intended for use by roads practitioners responsible for the design, construction and maintenance of low traffic earth, gravel or paved (sealed) roads. It is appropriate for roads which, over their design life, are required to carry an average of up to about 300 vehicles per day, and less than about 1.0 million equivalent standard axles (mesa). The Manual complements and links to the ERA design manuals for higher traffic roads and is accompanied by ERA documents dealing with Technical Specifications, Drawings and appropriate level Bidding Documents. Part C describes some concepts and practical issues relating to the planning, design and implementation of potential complementary interventions on low volume road projects.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart B: Design of Low Volume RoadsEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Ethiopian Roads Authority2016The Manual is intended for use by roads practitioners responsible for the design, construction and maintenance of low traffic earth, gravel or paved (sealed) roads. It is appropriate for roads which, over their design life, are required to carry an average of up to about 300 vehicles per day, and less than about 1.0 million equivalent standard axles (mesa). The Manual complements and links to the ERA design manuals for higher traffic roads and is accompanied by ERA documents dealing with Technical Specifications, Drawings and appropriate level Bidding Documents. Part B of the manual provides explanatory notes and supporting information that should be considered during the design process and provides background to the standards described in the remaining sections of the Manual.
pdfManual for Low Volume RoadsPart A: Introduction to Low Volume Roads designEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Ethiopian Roads Authority2016The Manual is intended for use by roads practitioners responsible for the design, construction and maintenance of low traffic earth, gravel or paved (sealed) roads. It is appropriate for roads which, over their design life, are required to carry an average of up to about 300 vehicles per day, and less than about 1.0 million equivalent standard axles (mesa). The Manual complements and links to the ERA design manuals for higher traffic roads and is accompanied by ERA documents dealing with Technical Specifications, Drawings and appropriate level Bidding Documents. Part A, this part, provides an overview of the Manual, its application, context, use and introduces the philosophy of low volume road design.
pdfWereda road maintenance guidePreserving community accessEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Ethiopian Roads Authority2016This Road Maintenance Guide is designed for use by supervisors and managers at wereda level in Ethiopia, to assist them to identify road defects and remedy them on a regular basis. The pictorial format is designed to help with the instruction of labourers and community members on the various maintenance tasks on earth, gravel and paved road surfaces, and the off-road features.
pdfInvestigation of suitable dust suppressants for low volume gravel roads in the Terai region of NepalInception reportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Greening, T.;Merrilees, K.;Shahi, B.2017The ultimate goal of the research is to determine the efficacy of non-proprietary products in reducing road dust pollution on gravel roads in Nepal, in terms of social and economic impacts. This research will focus on the Terai region of Nepal, which is the low-lying area across the south of the country, bordering with India. The project will aim to establish a method of measuring roadside dust, using appropriate equipment. This Inception report provides the outline approach and methodology and the revised workplan. A review of potential equipment that could be used for this purpose is included in Annex D. This report has been revised following the initial visit of the team to Nepal to meet the main stakeholders.
pdfClimate resilient concrete structures in marine environment of BangladeshInterim field and laboratory testing report 1 - Mix design strategy reportMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2017This project will examine the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, develop cost-effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and make recommendations on improvements in construction practice and workmanship considered necessary to improve service life. With the laboratory testing from the field condition survey underway, this report aims to develop the strategy and research framework for these laboratory investigations, and for the following project component to develop concrete mix designs for rural road structures in Bangladesh's marine environment. The research matrix provided in this report for the phase-I and phase-II part of the laboratory investigations builds on the gaps identified in the literature survey and findings from the condition survey of structures in the coastal region of Bangladesh.
pdfClimate resilient concrete structures in marine environment in BangladeshInterim field and laboratory testing report 2 - Phase 1 studyMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2017This project will examine the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, develop cost- effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and make recommendations on improvements in construction practice and workmanship considered necessary to improve service life. This 2nd Interim field and laboratory testing report describes and discusses the phase I experimental work undertaken as part of field and laboratory testing. The outcome of the phase I testing results suggest that the material optimisation and inter-relationship between various factors studied helps in the design of concrete mixes planned for phase II laboratory testing. The study on coated brick aggregates has showed a potential scope for improvement of concrete strength as compared with uncoated brick aggregates.
pdfClimate resilient concrete structures in marine environment in BangladeshCondition survey reportMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2016This project will examine the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, develop cost-effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and make recommendations on improvements in construction practice and workmanship considered necessary to improve service life. This condition survey report provides factual information from the condition survey of structures in four identified coastal districts of Bangladesh viz., Gopalganj, Bagerhat, Cox's Bazar and Noakhali. The report is presented with available test information and will be updated when full test information is available. The information in this report will be used to feed into the development of the mix design programme.
pdfInvestigation of the suitability of pre-cast/pre-fabricated modular bridges for rural roads in Nepal - Pilot studyInception reportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Kominek, M.;Hine, J.;Shah, B.2017This research will focus on defining and developing a new modular construction for Nepal, which is suitable for all environments. access to remote areas in Nepal, and bridges are a key component of this. The motivation for this project came from DoLIDAR with their need to construct up to 2,000 new bridges to support the expansion of the rural road network. At present they use mainly reinforced in-situ concrete bridges, which are slow to construct and pose particular challenges with quality control and transport of materials, especially in hilly areas. The ultimate goal of the research project is to formulate a bridge construction approach for spans of 25m to 40m, built by assembling smaller pre-manufactured units that can be handled with small hauling and lifting devices. This inception reports provides the outline approach and methodology for the project as well as an updated workplan.
pdfMyanmar Programme Planning with DRDCartier ConsultCartier van Dissel, S.2016In 2015 preliminary discussions were held in Myanmar with the Department of Rural Development (DRD) within the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Rural Development and agreement was reached in principle to move forward towards an MOU. It was considered necessary to have an agreed outline programme of potential research areas together with a conceptual budget. The purpose of this assignment was to identify likely areas of research, capacity development and knowledge transfer in which DRD would welcome ASCAP support and to broadly present these in terms of an outline country programme and concept budget. This outline programme of research areas was developed in conjunction with DRD and has their full support. An important secondary purpose of this assignment was to confirm areas within rural transport programmes of the World Bank, ADB and KfW that would benefit from cooperation and added value from ASCAP.
pdfBaseline survey of past and current road sector research undertakings in Uganda and the establishment of an EDMSInception report: Institutional review and study methodologyAurecon AMEI LtdMoolman, A.;Steyn, W.;Kamara, J.2017The purpose of this project is to carry out a baseline survey of past and current research that has been undertaken on the roads sector in Uganda, and to establish a databank that enables access to such research. The study commenced on 22 November 2016. This Inception report documents the methodology; initial feedback from key stakeholders; best practices for establishing an electronic document management system and initial comments on the proposed framework for evaluating historic and current road research. This document also presents a questionnaire that was developed to assist in the investigation of the current status and structure of road research in Uganda and of the parties involved, as well as the requirements of stakeholders to assist in the drawing up of specifications for the databank.
pdfThe Use of Appropriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition AnalysisTanzania Scoping StudyTRL Ltd.Workman, R.2017This study is designed to assess the possibility of including Tanzania in the current phase of the high-tech solutions project. The Team Leader of the project visited Tanzania between 19th and 24th March 2017 to make this assessment. Meetings were held with the main Tanzania and Donor stakeholders. The Tanzania Road Fund Board identified a key problem as a lack of information on the rural road networks of Tanzania; a common issue in Africa. There are three possible areas where the high-tech solutions project could help with the specific needs of the Road Fund; confirming road lengths, checking road conditions and providing detailed up-to-date maps. There would also be an opportunity to see if the technology is compatible with the DROMAS 2 database. These solutions could be trialled during the present phase of the project with a short training from the project, and some counterpart input from the main stakeholders in Tanzania. Further recommendations have been made for the involvement of Tanzania in any future phases of the project, although this would depend on the final results of the current phase and the avoidance of any duplication with other initiatives in Tanzania. It is important that any inputs are appropriate and useful for the stakeholders of all roads in Tanzania.
pdfThe Use of Appropriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition AnalysisPeer Reviewed Desk Study ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Otto, A.;Irving, A.2016The project investigates potential uses of appropriate and cost-effective high-tech solutions in helping low income countries to gain knowledge of the location and condition of their rural road networks. This desk study includes a revision of literature and previous research to inform the reader on the subjects to researched in this project. Recommendations are made on which high-tech areas to pilot in phase 2 and which countries to partner with, including an indication of the resources they are willing to commit. the Report has been peer reviewed by Catapult.
pdfPromotion of Sustainable Rural Access in the implementation of the 2030 Global Agenda on Sustainable DevelopmentKey Messages Consultation AnalysisPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)SLoCaT2017A set of key messages on rural transport and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is being developed to serve as the cornerstone of advocacy materials used by the Partnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport in various media channels, publications, and promotional materials on outreach on rural transport in the context of the project, “Promotion of Sustainable Rural Access in the implementation of the 2030 Global Agenda on Sustainable Development.” A consultation process on the key messages on rural transport and SDGs ran from January to February 2017. This document gives an analysis of the results of the consultation process and proposes the final list of five key messages on rural transport and SDGs.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Existing Trial Sections and Implementation of Regional Guidelines for Establishing and Monitoring Trial Sections in TanzaniaProject Mobilization Phase ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Mgangira, M.2017There is a need for a systematic evaluation of the trial sections in Tanzania, including the methods for collecting data and quality of monitoring data, compared to standard protocol requirements. This project is aimed at addressing all aspects of Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) assessments, including capacity building of LoGITReC staff and others, in the establishment of new sections and processes and procedures required for monitoring them over time. This document is the completion report on Project Mobilization Phase, following the award of the contract.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Trial Sections in Mozambique incorporating Capacity Building of Road Research Centre PersonnelSite Visit Report No. 2Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Vilinga, A.2017AfCAP is assisting the Mozambique National Roads Administration (ANE) to evaluate existing road experimental sections constructed previously in Mozambique under several programmes, including with AfCAP support. These trial sections were designed to demonstrate and verify different options in design, material utilisation and construction methods for rural roads (particularly low-volume rural roads- LVR). To achieve the objective of influencing future policy in the road sector, it is necessary to review the outcomes of all trial sections constructed in Mozambique and to start a process of establishing new trial sections. This report addresses site visits held in February 2017.
pdfPreparation of a Low Volume Roads Manual for TanzaniaReport on Launching of LVR ManualInfraAfrica (Pty) LtdPinard, M. I.2017The Africa Community Access Partnership (AFCAP) has supported the preparation of a Low Volume Roads Manual in Tanzania. The Manual has been developed through an extensive process of consultations, to which many road sector stakeholders have contributed their time, knowledge and effort. The Manual takes into account the needs of all road users, including non-motorised transport. It provides practitioners with comprehensive guidance on the wide range of factors that need to be considered in a holistic manner when undertaking the upgrading of unpaved roads to a paved standard. Improving the road safety conditions on low volume roads at optimum costs has been a key consideration. To mark the culmination of the project, an event was organised by the Ministry of Works, Transport and Communication to launch the Low Volume Roads Manual in February 2017.
pdfFinalisation of the Design Manual for Low Volume Roads for the Ethiopia Roads Authority (ERA)Report on Manuals Launch Meeting held on 28th February 2017Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.2017AFCAP has supported the Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA) in finalising the Low Volume Roads Design Manual. The manual was published in draft form in 2011. The assignment included rectifying typing errors and incorrect cross-references throughout Parts A, B, C, D, E and G of the LVR Design Manual, responding to technical comments provided by users of the manual, and incorporating new technical content reflecting developments in LVR technology since 2011. Several major changes were made including combining the previous Part B and Part D into a new Part B for the Design of Low Volume Roads, the introduction of a new Part D on the construction of LVRs, and the development of a new field maintenance handbook for use at the wereda level. The manual was renamed “Manual for Low Volume Roads” to reflect its wider application beyond road design. The purpose of this report is to record the proceedings of the Launch Meeting for the manual held at the Hilton Hotel in Addis Ababa on 28th February 2017.
pdfProtocols for Improving the Proficiency of Material Testing Laboratories in MozambiqueInception ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Pearce, B.2017The validity of research on roads in Mozambique and the region depends on the reliability of laboratory test results. AfCAP is supporting the implementation of a pilot project for Proficiency Testing in selected laboratories. The overall objective is to establish laboratory testing in Mozambique that is “in line with international practices and standards and test results that can be used with confidence”. This inception report addresses the approach, initial visits, methodology and work plan for the project.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaFinal Report for Phase 1Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); St Helens Consulting; Paige-Green ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Rust, F.;Head, M.;Roux, A. le;Paige-Green, P.2017The aim of the Climate Adaptation project is to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. This Final Report reflects on the achievements of Phase 1 of this project, which spanned a period of approximately 50 weeks. It addresses the project outcomes with respect to aspects such as: current and projected climate threats and their impact on low-volume road infrastructure; risk and vulnerability assessment methodologies; adaptation methodologies; and, engineering and non-engineering adaptation options. The report also summarises the preliminary work done to establish demonstration sections in three priority countries, namely Ethiopia, Ghana and Mozambique, and reflects on the outcomes of workshops held in these countries. The purposes of these workshops were to expose and to deliberate the products of Phase 1 as well as to identify the countries' priorities for Phase 2 of this project. The Recommendations for Phase 2 are also presented in this report.
pdfBaseline survey of past and current road sector research undertakings in Uganda and establishment of electronic document management system (EDMS)Workshop 1 ReportAurecon AMEI LtdAurecon2017The purpose of this project is to carry out a baseline survey of past and current research that has been undertaken on the roads sector in Uganda, and to establish a databank that enables access to such research. The study commenced on 22 November 2016. This document presents the report on the Workshop 1 that was held on 9 February 2017 in Kampala. The report captures the presentations that were made at the Workshop, the feedback received and the results of the group discussions held.
pdfThe Uptake of Existing LVRR Research Output in S E Asia to Deliver Affordable and Sustainable Rural Transport InfrastructureTechnical PaperIntech Associates; ReCAP PMUPetts, R.;Cook, J.2016Low Volume Rural Road (LVRR) surfacing and paving trials construction was carried out between 2001 and 2012 in Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos under various initiatives; including EngKaR3 & SEACAP4. A range of materials and surface/paving types were trialled in various environmental and climatic conditions. There is a considerable amount of un-analysed cost and performance data for a range of low cost surfacing types that is unique and could benefit the design and construction of low volume rural roads in the region and elsewhere. Analysis of this data could lead to guidance and significant cost savings in the provision of affordable and sustainable access to rural and poor communities in whole-life-cost orientated asset management. This Paper describes the background research carried out under SEACAP and other initiatives, the current status of the surfacing research data. It presents the rationale for the compilation, analysis, dissemination and embedment of the surfacing and paving research knowledge in the region and elsewhere.
pdfInternational Transport and Road Research (iTRARR) 2016 Conference ReportKenya Roads Board (KRB); Materials Testing & Research Division (MTRD), Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure, KenyaKenya Roads Board (KRB);Materials Testing & Research Division (MTRD), Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure, Kenya2017Full conference report on the iTRARR 2016 conference held in March 2016, in Mombasa, Kenya
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaWorkshops held in Mozambique, Ghana and EthiopiaCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); St Helens Consulting; Paige-Green ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Head, M.;Makhanya, S.;Paige-Green, P.2017The aim of Phase 1 of the Climate Adaptation study is to provide methodologies and guidance on the assessment of climate threats and for the identification and prioritisation of adaptation options. These are contained in two reports, namely a Climate Threats Report and a Climate Adaptation Options Report. The guideline documents as well as the recommendations for the implementation of demonstration sections and the proposed recommendations for Phase 2 of the study were debated at workshops held in January and February 2017 in Ghana, Ethiopia and Mozambique. The outputs of these workshops will define the objectives and scope for Phase 2 with will be outlined in the Final Report for Phase 1.
pdfNational Strategy for Rural Roads and AccessGovernment of the Republic of the Union of MyanmarGovernment of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar2017This National Strategy for Rural Roads and Access was jointly prepared by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (MOALI) and the Ministry of Border Affairs (MOBA) with technical support from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). It serves to guide investments in the rural road sector over the coming 15 years, ensuring that these investments contribute in an optimal manner to addressing the problems of limited access, providing as many rural people as possible with all-season access by 2030.
pdfPromotion of Sustainable Rural Access in the Implementation of the 2030 GLobal Agenda on Sustainable DevelopmentInception ReportPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)SLoCaT2017With the completion of Phase I in February 2016, ReCAP assigned the second phase of the project, “Promotion of Sustainable Rural Access in the implementation of the 2030 Global Agenda on Sustainable Development,” which began implementation in November 2016. The aim is to further promote sustainable rural access as a viable component of the implementation strategies for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and to ensure its inclusion in the high-level, multi-lateral development discourse on sustainable transport and rural development. This inception report outlines the plans for Phase II.
pdfRural Transport Diagnostics Study in GhanaInception ReportBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI); Swansea University, UKAfukaar, F.;Peters, K.2017The overall objective of this study is to better understand the existing rural transport systems in Ghana based on an assessment of the needs and perspectives of different transport users, transport operators, transport regulators and other transport stakeholders in rural communities. Identifying constraining factors and good practice in Ghana's rural transport services, allows for evidence-based policy suggestions.This inception report provides the overall framework for the study. It highlights the project background, use of the rapid rural appraisal methodology and the criteria for the selection of the surveyed roads in the three ecological zones of Ghana. A detailed implementation plan is also provided to guide the stakeholders of the project.
pdfReCAP eNewsletter January 2017Safe and Sustainable Transport for Rural CommunitiesReCAP PMUReCAP PMU20175th edition of the ReCAP eNewsletter, January 2017: Contents: Building the tools and skills for improved rural road asset management in Africa, Expanding our gender mainstreaming toolbox: new methods in rural transport research, Ghana quickening the pace of rural infrastructure and transport research, UN Emphasizes Importance of Rural Transport as Key Driver to Fulfil 2030 Agenda Promise to “Leave No One Behind”, Short ReCAP News, Upcoming Calls and Events
pdfReCAP Lettre d'Information Janvier 2017Transport sûr et durable pour less communautés ruralesReCAP PMUReCAP PMU20175eme edition du ReCAP Lettre d'Information janvier 2017. Contenu: Développement d'outils et compétences pour une meilleure gestion du patrimoine d'infrastructure routière rurale en Afrique, Élargissement de notre boîte à outils : de nouvelles méthodes dans la recherche en matière de transport rural, Le Ghana accélère le rythme de la recherche sur l'infrastructure rurale et le transport, L'ONU insiste sur l'importance du transport rural comme moteur essentiel pour honorer la promesse de l'Agenda 2030 de ne laisser personne derrière , Nouvelles de ReCAP, Prochains événements et appels
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaRecommendations for Phase 2Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); St Helens Consulting; Paige-Green ConsultingPaige-Green, P.;Verhaeghe, B.;Roux, A. le;Head, M.2017The aim of Phase 1 of the Climate Adaptation study is to provide methodologies and guidance on the assessment of climate threats and for the identification and prioritisation of adaptation options. These are contained in two reports: a Climate Threats Report and a Climate Adaptation Options Report. A further aim of Phase 1 is to provide the basis for the implementation of demonstration sections in three countries: Ethiopia, Ghana and Mozambique. In this report, preliminary recommendations for the climate adaptation of three roads, one in each of the above countries, are presented. These roads are representative of the range of potential hazards that low volume access roads are likely to be exposed to in AfCAP partner countries. The roads were selected following site visits undertaken in these three countries. The report contains field notes on other roads inspected during these visits. The report also presents preliminary recommendations for Phase 2 of the study
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaBriefing Note 4Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); St Helens Consulting; Paige-Green ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Head, M.;Paige-Green, P.2017This Briefing Note No 4 of January 2017 provides an update on the Africa regional project on Climate Adaptation. The progress includes the delivery of draft recommendations for phase II of the project. It covers the selection of three roads in 3 AfCAP partner countries for a demonstration programme of climate adaptation implementation. It provides the proposed objectives and scope for a second phase.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaBriefing Note 3Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); St Helens Consulting; Paige-Green ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Head, M.;Paige-Green, P.2016This Briefing Note No 3 of October 2016 provides an update on the Africa regional project on Climate Adaptation. The progress includes the delivery of key outputs such as a Climate Threats Report and a Climate Adaptation Options Report. The latter addresses different strategies and methodologies to reduce impacts of specific types of climate effects. Work is on-going to help the governments of Ethiopia, Mozambique and Ghana to establish demonstration sites to test the research outputs of the project.
pdfCost/Benefit Analysis of SEACAP Trials in VietnamInception ReportIntech AssociatesPetts, R.;Hine, J.;Hien;Tuan, P.2017The overall aim of this project is to undertake an independent economic analysis of the rural road surfacing and paving options investigated in the Rural Road Surfacing Trial (RRST) programme in Vietnam for comparison with a similar cost/benefit study undertaken at 2013/2014. A separate SEACAP initiative carried out a performance study of gravel roads (RRGAP) constructed under the GoV-WB rural transport RT1 and RT2 projects. This research produced recommendations on the limitations of Low (traffic) Volume Road (LVR) gravel surfacing in Vietnam, and is important reference documentation for the current Cost/Benefit investigations. This Inception report describes the activities of the initial phase of the study, which principally reviews the background and desk study of relevant literature, and sets out proposals for the Cost Benefit assessment approach of the SEACAP surfacing and paving research.
pdfFinancing Rural Transport Services: Implications for the Asia-Pacific RegionHine, J.;Huizenga, C.;Peet, K.2016This paper, published in the 86th UNESCAP Transport Bulletin, states that the provision of transport services for people and goods in rural areas is a major, but often neglected, issue in developing countries. All countries accept the need for state involvement in the provision of rural road infrastructure in developed countries, almost without exception, rural public transport services, are regulated and subsidized. In contrast, in developing and middle income countries government support for rural transport services varies widely from virtually nothing to a comprehensive programme. The paper explores these issues together with a range of initiatives that have been implemented and proposed by different Asian countries. The paper examines sources of funding and considers the need for collecting more information to improve decision making.
pdfProvision of Rural Transport Services: User Needs, Practical Constraints and Policy IssuesReCAP PMUStarkey, P.2016This paper, published in the 86th UNESCAP Transport Bulletin, addresses the need of rural people for transport services to travel to markets and services at local towns. Different types of rural transport users want passenger services that are affordable, frequent, predictable, safe and carry freight. Many different vehicles can be used, each with advantages. Compliance with public transport regulations is poor on rural roads. Rural roads and transport services authorities are not integrated. Transport regulators are under-resourced and concentrate on urban and inter-urban services. Research should identify ‘best practices' for rural transport services.
pdfThe Dissemination and Embedment of Applied Rural Transport ResearchReCAP PMUCook, J.;Sampson, L.;Starkey, P.;Visser, C.2016This paper, published in the 86th UNESCAP Transport Bulletin, stipulates that advances in relevant applied research can play a significant role in improving the effectiveness and sustainability of such infrastructure. However, barriers to the implementation of new research outcomes remain a major challenge to the application of new knowledge in the rural transport sector. This paper reviews key points with respect to the sustainability of research projects, the uptake and embedment of their outputs and it outlines possible approaches to overcoming the challenges inherent in the application of research.
pdfOvercoming the First Mile - Lessons from farmers in Kenya and TanzaniaAPPG PresentationInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Hine, J.;Njenga, P.;Willilo, S.2016A panel discussion in the All-Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) on Agriculture and Food for Development of the UK Parliament was held on Monday 24 October 2016. The theme of the panel discussion was "From field to market: roads, transport and storage for smallholder farmers". The panel discussion was held in the framework of the APPG's inquiry into rural infrastructure for smallholder farmers and featured this presentation by John Hine et al on AFCAP funded work on the First Mile.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementPresentation to ARMFACivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.2016The presentation, held at the ARMFA General Assembly in November 2016, covers the AfCAP regional project on rural road asset management. It outlines the project's purpose, vision, objectives, approach and methodology. It also addresses the potential role ARMFA could play in the project.
pdfResearch for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP)ReCAP PMURich, G.2016This presentation, held at the ARMFA General Assembly in November 2016, provides an overview of the ReCAP programme in terms of programme strategic focus, research activities, allocation of funds and uptake and embedment.
pdfTransport Sector Leadership Development ProgrammePhase I Inception ReportMott MacDonald; University of Cape TownJones, S.;Hughes, D.;Kelly, K.;Zuidgeest, M.;Vanderschuren, M.;Nnene, O.2016The Transport Sector Leadership Development Programme (TSLDP) is being created to develop the managerial capacity of young African transportation professionals so they will have the capacity to deliver Africa's transportation infrastructure. It will potentially form a 2-3 year programme over which time candidates' technical and managerial skills will be developed through a structured course and syllabus, likely incorporating a mix of taught modules and on-the-job training. At the outset it is planned that up to 20 candidates will be selected to participate on the initial pilot program. This inception report covers the various aspects of setting up the programme and the methodology.
pdfCan Humans Predict the Future? Consequences of Inaccurate Traffic ForecastingConference PaperEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Endale, A.;Otto, A.;Melaku, A.2016In designing roads, traffic volume, traffic loading and subgrade strength are major inputs whose values bear a strong influence on the design outcome. For this reason, it is important that their values are as accurate as possible. Inaccurate estimation of the above inputs leads to inequitable distribution of resources, reduced rate of network upgrading, early failures or overly conservative and expensive designs, and reduced benefits to the population. This study demonstrates the difficulty in predicting traffic growth, pavement design loading and the consequences of the estimated predictions. The findings demonstrate the implication of the approaches used in estimating traffic loading for pavement design on the final pavement structure and consequently the design cost. Therefore, equal importance should be placed on detailed traffic studies as is done on pavement materials, especially for low-volume sealed roads.
pdfThe Benefits and Challenges of Increasing Motorcycle Use for Rural AccessConference PaperReCAP PMUStarkey, P.2016In many countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America, most vehicles on low-volume rural roads are now motorcycles. In many countries, motorcycle taxi services have developed and spread rapidly, often becoming an essential part of rural living. Motorcycle taxis operate in the informal private sector. Their spontaneous spread has had little regulatory control. They provide many benefits. Regulatory frameworks and enforcement are often weak. There is a need for research and greater understanding of appropriate ways to effectively regulate (and self-regulate) motorcycle operators for improved safety and ensuring the benefits of improved access are shared by all rural people.
pdfInstitutional Capacity for Knowledge Management of Transport Research Centres in Africa and AsiaWorkshop ReportCrul, R.2016A half-day workshop on ‘Institutional Capacity for Knowledge Management of Transport Research Centres in Africa and Asia' was held on 17 November 2016 jointly with a two-days knowledge exchange event on Road Asset Management. The objectives of the KM workshop were: 1) To raise awareness about knowledge management as a discipline in the core process of knowledge generation by the research centres; 2) To address issues related to the institutional capacity to manage knowledge effectively and efficiently, with a view of long-term sustainable research management; 3) To inform participants of the current on-going local KMN projects supported by ReCAP and have participants discuss and exchange experiences in implementing KM initiatives within their institutions. A combination of presentations, group work and plenary discussions was used during the KM workshop.
pdfTechnical assistance to the Kenya Materials Testing and Research Department for the monitoring of research sectionsMission reportHongve, J.2016AFCAP has been asked by the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure (MoTI) through Materials Testing and Research Department (MTRD) and Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA) to support research on utilization of non-standard materials for Low Volume Sealed Road (LVSR) pavements. The report outlines AfCAP's support to MTRD.
pdfLong Term Pavement Performance Monitoring of Trial Sections in Mozambique Incorporating Capacity Building of Road Research Centre PersonnelInception ReportCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.;Paige-Green, P.;van Oostenrijk, A;Vilinga, A.2016AfCAP is assisting the Mozambique National Roads Administration (ANE) to evaluate existing road experimental sections constructed previously in Mozambique. These trial sections were designed to demonstrate and verify different options in design, material utilisation and construction methods for rural roads. The ultimate objective is to influencing future policy in the road sector.
pdfInvestigation into the suitability of roller compacted concrete as pavement material in GhanaInterim Laboratory ReportAurecon AMEI LtdAurecon2016This project will investigate the suitability of Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) for low volume road construction in Ghana and especially for the construction of pavements on rugged sections and steep slopes. An interim laboratory report has been drawn up to highlight how materials for Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) will be sampled, tested and ultimately used to yield an RCC mix design for Ghana. The report also provides details on the approach used to select an appropriate location for the construction of the RCC experimental section.
pdfIdentification of Hazardous Sites and the Recommendation of Remiedial Measures on Selected Rural Roads2nd Stakeholders' Workshop ReportBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Afukaar, F.;Agyemang, W.;Opoku Agyeman, K.2016The overall objective of this project is to develop an Accident Blackspot Management System (ABMS) for a coordinated approach to road safety on the rural road infrastructure under the control of the Department of Feeder Roads (DFR) in Ghana, through the reduction of road traffic crashes. This report covers the 2nd stakeholders' workshop. The main objective of the workshop was to discuss the draft report and confirm the proposed Accident Blackspot Management System (ABMS) for a coordinated road safety activities on the rural road networks by the DFR. Recommendations from the stakeholders have also been incorporated in this report.
pdfThe Use of Appropriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition AnalysisProgress Report No 2TRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Otto, A.;Irving, A.2016The project investigates potential uses of appropriate and cost-effective high-tech solutions in helping LICs to improve their knowledge of the location and condition of their rural road networks. This 2nd progress report shows the progress on deliverables during Phase 2, which is the research trials part of the project. Activities included: initiation of all partner countries: Uganda, Zambia, Ghana and Kenya, initial country visits, procurement of satellite imagery, customisation of methodology to country conditions and dissemination activities.
pdfDeveloping a Participatory Approach to Roadside Development of Rural Roads in Nepal: Draft Right of Way Utilisation ManualMinistry of Federal Affairs and Local DevelopmentDepartment of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads2016Cost benefit analyses (CBA) of the proposed plants indicate that by involving the poorest of the poor in planting the RoW land for productive use, their income can be considerably increased. The practical component of the pilot project is aimed at testing, i.e. implementing, the developed approach on sections along district roads in the Terai and in the hills. The here presented Draft RoW Utilisation Manual comprises the required legal, engineering, bio-engineering and economic aspects and respective activities to be undertaken. Based on the experiences gained in implementing these pilot activities, this manual will later be adapted and completed. The finalised manual shall then provide the guidelines to be followed for a wider replication of the approach.
pdfLow Volume Roads Manual 2016Part EMinistry of Works, Transport & CommunicationMinistry of Works, Transport & Communication2016AfCAP has supported the Tanzania Ministry of Works, Transport and Communication in developing and updating its design manuals for low volume roads. This Low Volume Roads Manual (2016) forms part of the Ministry's series of Road and Bridge Design documents. It applies specifically to the design of new, or upgrading of existing unpaved roads which carry relatively low volumes of traffic, typically less than 300 vehicles a day. The Manual was developed under the policy direction of a Roads Technical Committee comprising senior representatives from MOWTC, President's Office-Regional Administration and Local Government (PO-RALG), TANROADS and Road Fund Board (RFB). This file covers Part E. Construction.
pdfLow Volume Roads Manual 2016Part D, sections 13-16Ministry of Works, Transport & CommunicationMinistry of Works, Transport & Communication2016AfCAP has supported the Tanzania Ministry of Works, Transport and Communication in developing and updating its design manuals for low volume roads. This Low Volume Roads Manual (2016) forms part of the Ministry's series of Road and Bridge Design documents. It applies specifically to the design of new, or upgrading of existing unpaved roads which carry relatively low volumes of traffic, typically less than 300 vehicles a day. The Manual was developed under the policy direction of a Roads Technical Committee comprising senior representatives from MOWTC, President's Office-Regional Administration and Local Government (PO-RALG), TANROADS and Road Fund Board (RFB). This file covers Part D. Design, sections 13-16.
pdfLow Volume Roads Manual 2016Part D, sections 9-12Ministry of Works, Transport & CommunicationMinistry of Works, Transport & Communication2016AfCAP has supported the Tanzania Ministry of Works, Transport and Communication in developing and updating its design manuals for low volume roads. This Low Volume Roads Manual (2016) forms part of the Ministry's series of Road and Bridge Design documents. It applies specifically to the design of new, or upgrading of existing unpaved roads which carry relatively low volumes of traffic, typically less than 300 vehicles a day. The Manual was developed under the policy direction of a Roads Technical Committee comprising senior representatives from MOWTC, President's Office-Regional Administration and Local Government (PO-RALG), TANROADS and Road Fund Board (RFB). This file covers Part D. Design, sections 9-12.
pdfLow Volume Roads Manual 2016Parts A, B and CMinistry of Works, Transport & CommunicationMinistry of Works, Transport & Communication2016AfCAP has supported the Tanzania Ministry of Works, Transport and Communication in developing and updating its design manuals for low volume roads. This Low Volume Roads Manual (2016) forms part of the Ministry's series of Road and Bridge Design documents. It applies specifically to the design of new, or upgrading of existing unpaved roads which carry relatively low volumes of traffic, typically less than 300 vehicles a day. The Manual was developed under the policy direction of a Roads Technical Committee comprising senior representatives from MOWTC, President's Office-Regional Administration and Local Government (PO-RALG), TANROADS and Road Fund Board (RFB). This file covers Parts A. Introduction, B. Planning and C. Investigations of the Manual.
pdfImpacts and implications of gender mainstreaming in rural transport in TanzaniaInception ReportHelpAge InternationalTewodros, A.;Mulongo, G.2016In 2003, Tanzania adopted a National Transport Policy to mainstream gender in rural transport. However, little is known if the policy has been effectively applied and has resulted in transformative changes to the lives of women facing multiple forms of discrimination and exclusion. This research project by HelpAge International will investigate whether women facing intersecting inequalities benefit from the gender mainstreaming, identifying the constraints and factors facilitating transformative changes in programmes such as Village Travel and Transport Programme (VTTP) and Local Government Transport Programme (LGTP) and the levels of disparities women with intersecting inequalities have in access, use and benefit from the mobile technology that is bridging the rural transport and communication gap. This report concerns the Inception Phase of the project and covers the approach and methodology to be applied over the course of the research.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementMobilisation Report for ImplementationCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.2016AfCAP is funding a research and capacity building project on asset management for rural roads. The purpose of the project is to achieve economic and social benefits for local communities in rural areas as a result of improved performance in road asset management. The Implementation Phase of the project commenced at the start of July 2016. The countries that are participating in the project are Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone and the Western Cape Province of South Africa. This report covers progress over July-October 2016 and includes a work plan for the full implementation phase.
pdfAssessment of the SEACAP-WB LVRR Pavement Trials as Knowledge Resources for AsCAP/ReCAP UptakeScoping Study ReportIntech Associates; Transport Development and Strategy Institute (TDSI), VietnamPetts, R.;Cook, J.2016The objective of this assignment is an assessment of the current status and content of the Vietnam Rural Road Surfacing Research (RRSR) database in particular and other regional surfacing trials knowledge, to assess the value in utilising it as a data resource for increased dissemination and uptake in AsCAP and possible AfCAP countries. This Scoping Report describes the background research carried out under SEACAP and other initiatives, the current status of the surfacing research data. It presents the rationale for the compilation, analysis and dissemination of the surfacing and paving research knowledge in the region and elsewhere.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport Projects in Nepal: Transformative Changes at Household and Community LevelsInception ReportWise NepalHada, J.2016This project aims at how gender mainstreaming activities in the rural transport projects implemented by the Government of Nepal have transformed the lives of rural women and disadvantaged groups. The research will be carried out in Ramechhap and Okhaldhunga districts. This report covers the activities during the Inception Phase, including mobilisation of the research team, elaborating the methodology and liaising with key stakeholders.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisDesk Study reportTRL Ltd.Rolt, J.;Mukura, K.;Buckland, T.;Otto, A.;Mayanja, M.2016This report covers the activities undertaken in the first period of the project on the Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSRs) through Back Analysis from April to September 2016. This desk study report includes a review of previously constructed LVSRs going back four decades. The activities included collection of data sources and information, assessment and preliminary analysis of the data sources, identification of a pool of key LVSR experts, and a workshop comprising in-depth discussion of the potential problems and solutions related to the identification and provision of data sources for analysis. The report provides details of the project, the desk study activities which have been undertaken, and next steps related to the design and development of the database.
pdfGender Mainstreaming in the Rural Transport Sector in KenyaInception ReportTacitus LtdOrwa, S.;Ombai, M.;Nyangueso, S.;Sheba, S.2016The aim of the research project in Kenya is to answer the key question: What is the evidence of gender mainstreaming transforming efforts the institutions that deliver and support rural transport infrastructure and services? The Inception Report provides the context and rationale for gender mainstreaming research in Kenya. The report describes activities undertaken during the Inception Phase, including literature review, and elaborates on the methodology and next steps towards the project's fieldwork phase.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaClimate Adaptation Options ReportPaige-Green Consulting; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); St Helens ConsultingPaige-Green, P.;Verhaeghe, B.;Head, M.2016 The Climate Adaptation project aims to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. In this report, adaptation techniques (engineering and non-engineering) for handling the expected changes in temperature and precipitation, windiness, seal-level rise and more frequent extreme events are identified and discussed. The crucial importance of effective drainage and timely and appropriate maintenance is highlighted.
pdfTechnical Assistance to Tanzania Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (Interim Phase)Knowledge Management StudyCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Heerden, M. van;Verhaeghe, B.2016AfCAP2 is providing technical assistance to the Directorate of Infrastructure Development in the Prime Minister's Office: Regional Administration and Local Government of Tanzania, to achieve its objective of setting up a Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (LoGITReC) in Dodoma. This study was undertaken to determine the organisational expectations for the proposed Information Centre and to consider the services, associated resources and infrastructure required to meet these expectations. In addition knowledge management principles were applied in support of strategic initiatives to establish mechanisms for creating greater visibility of LoGITReC and for disseminating and demonstrating its achievements. The study is concluded with a high level implementation schedule for these activities.
pdfTechnical Assistance to Tanzania Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (Interim Phase)Progress Report: October to December 2015Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2016AfCAP2 is providing technical assistance to the Directorate of Infrastructure Development in the Prime Minister's Office: Regional Administration and Local Government of Tanzania, to achieve its objective of setting up a Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (LoGITReC) in Dodoma. The objectives of this 12-month Technical Assistance programme to LoGITReC are as follows: 1) to make further progress with priority activities for the establishment and operationalisation of LoGITReC; and 2) to achieve the key performance indicator targets set out in the LoGITReC Strategic Plan for the first year of operation. This report outlines the progress that has been achieved between October and December 2015.
pdfTechnical Assistance to Mozambique Road Research Centre (Interim Phase)Knowledge Management StudyCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Heerden, M. van;Verhaeghe, B.2016The Mozambican Roads Administration (Administração Nacional de Estradas, ANE) is in the process of setting up a Road Research Centre (RRC) in Maputo with the objective to provide the basis for improving the long-term capacity in Mozambique to undertake relevant, high quality research relating to its road sector. This study considers the services, associated resources and infrastructure of the future Information Centre that the RRC is to establish. Study results are presented according to a knowledge management framework focused on three highly interdependent initiatives, i.e. the enhancement of research capability, optimisation of knowledge dissemination to stakeholders, and enablement of the core services associated with research and development. The study is concluded with a high level implementation schedule for these activities.
pdfTechnical Assistance to Mozambique Road Research Centre (Interim Phase)Progress Report: October to December 2015Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2016 AFCAP2 is providing technical assistance to Administração Nacional de Estradas (ANE) of Mozambique, to achieve its objective of setting up a Road Research Centre (RRC) in Maputo. In preparation of the launching of a “Longer-Term Technical Assistance Programme”, an interim-phase Technical Assistance programme has been initiated. The objectives of this 12-month Technical Assistance programme are: 1) to make further progress with priority activities for the establishment and operationalisation of the RRC; and 2) to achieve the key performance indicator targets set out in the RRC Strategic Plan for the first year of operation. This report outlines the progress that has been achieved between October and December 2015.
pdfThe Use of Approvpriate High-Tech Solutions for Road Network and Condition AnalysisProgress Report No. 1TRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Otto, A.;Irving, A.2016The project investigates potential uses of appropriate and cost-effective high-tech solutions in helping LICs to improve their knowledge of the location and condition of their rural road networks. This progress report confirms the production on previous deliverables and assesses the progress during phase 2, which is the research trials part of the project.
pdfImplementation of Technical Auditing and Training of New Batch of Local Practitioners in the DCP-DN Pavement Design MethodTraining ReportHongve, J.;Mukandila, E.2016The AfCAP project MAL2007 was formulated to support the uptake and embedment of the DCP-DN Design Method in Malawi. The two phases of the project were carried out over 2015 and 2016 and included training of local RA staff and consultants, design reviews and technical audits. This report covers the training of a new batch of local consultants as well as staff from the Roads Authority in July 2016. The training objectives of bringing all participants to an intermediate or higher level in the use of the AFCAP LVR DCP software and imparting LVR design philosophy and EOD design principles for cost-effective provision of LVSR have been achieved.
pdfInvestigation to the Use of Cinder Gravels in Pavement Layers for Low Volume RoadsInception ReportTRL Ltd.Hearn, G.;Greening, P.;Otto, A.2016This inception Report summarises the finding of an Inception Visit to Ethiopia in February 2016 as part of the cinder gravel research project. Discussions were held with the Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA) during this visit and it was agreed that the responsibilities will be shared in accordance with the TOR. ERA will provide 2 researchers, facilities for workshops, local transport and laboratory testing facilities, with TRL paying the costs of travel, accommodation for the international team and local counterparts when outside of Addis Ababa. Meetings were also held with the Geological Survey of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa University and the Addis Ababa – Adama expressway contractor. Visits were made to existing cinder gravel borrow sites to examine the geological and engineering composition of materials. Agreements have been made with ERA over the requirements of the sampling and testing programme and a revised project programme has been devised accordingly.
pdfReview and updating of the Low Volume Road Pavement Design Guidelines for KenyaInception ReportTRL Ltd.Rolt, J.;Otto, A.;Workman, R.;Abuya, E.2016This project concerns the development of a cost effective road design guideline for Low Volume Sealed Roads (LVSR) for Kenya. The objectives of this project are to update current LVSR guideline, involve MTRD in its development in order to build national capacity and to scope out a sensitisation and training programme for Government, Counties and other Guideline users. Relevant documents and reports have been reviewed and a local counterparts have been selected for capacity building purposes. Main issues have been identified and a programme with milestones has been proposed, as detailed in this report.
pdfAgricultural Sector Wide Approach Support Project (ASWAP-SP)Mid-term Technical Audit ReportHongve, J.;Mukandila, E.2016This AfCAP project was formulated to support the Design and Supervision Consultant (DSC) and the Contractors carrying out five projects concerning the upgrade of low volume roads in Malawi, as well as to the Roads Authority (RA) and the Road Fund Administration (RFA) for the oversight and administration of the projects. Phase 1 including training of the DSC and RA staff, a review of the design and contract documents and Technical Audit exercise. The audit exercise has identified a number of shortcomings pertaining to the contract documentation, execution and supervision which are detailed in this report. Recommendations have been made to the Roads Authority for procedural action to be taken to correct the most significant shortcomings so as to avoid jeopardising the project.
pdfInvestigation to the Use of Cinder Gravels in Pavement Layers for Low Volume RoadsProgress Report No 2TRL Ltd.Hearn, G.;Greening, P.;Otto, A.2016This Progress Report summarises progress made on the Project during May - August 2016. The laboratory testing procedure was revised during this period to reflected the nature in which cinder occurs in the field. Field visits, inspection and sampling were carried out in the area surrounding Bahir Dar, Injibara and Kessa. A priority testing list was also prepared during this period. Laboratory testing commenced during this period and a total of 5 out of 16 priority locations have now been tested. Additional samples were collected from the Butajira area to make up for shortfalls during initial sampling. During initial sampling, it was not possible to transport in one go the large bulk of samples required for laboratory testing. Samples from the southern area (Hawassa, Assela-Dodola, and Shashemene) were transported to RRC Kality since they are the next to be tested. A request for quotation for stereo aerial photographs from the Ethiopia Mapping Agency has been made, samples of the photographs have been obtained and they will be studied by the Team Leader in his next visit. Due to government regulations, the sample photographs cannot be taken out of Ethiopia.
pdfInvestigation of the Use of Cinder Gravels in Pavement Layers for Low Volume RoadsProgress Report No 1TRL Ltd.Hearn, G.;Greening, P.;Otto, A.2016This Progress Report summarises progress made on the Cinder Gravels project during March-May 2016. The Inception Report was finalised during this period and a programme of fieldwork carried out at various locations along the margins of the Rift Valley south and east of Addis Ababa. This fieldwork involved trial pit investigations and sampling of scoriaceous and non-scoriaceous gravels used in pavement construction at two sites on the Addis Ababa to Butajira Road and a programme of sampling at borrow areas on the margins of the Rift Valley south, south-west and east of Addis Ababa. A total of 22 borrow pits were inspected and sampled. Samples were taken from a total of 37 sites within the borrow areas and transported back to the ERA Kality laboratory for testing. As of the end of May testing had commenced on samples taken from the Addis Ababa-Butajira road and one of the borrow pits.
pdfFinalisation of the Design Manual for Low Volume Roads for the Ethiopia Roads Authority (ERA)Report on Peer Group Meeting 22nd June 2016Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.2016AfCAP is supporting the Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA) in finalising the Low Volume Roads Design Manual, which was published in draft form in 2011. The assignment includes rectifying typing errors and incorrect cross-references throughout Parts A, B, C, D, E and G of the LVR Design Manual, responding to technical comments provided by users of the manual, and incorporating new technical content reflecting developments in LVR technology since 2011. The assignment includes the development of a new field maintenance handbook for use at the wereda level. The purpose of this report is to summarise key points and actions arising from the Peer Review Group meeting held in Addis Ababa on 23rd June 2016 to discuss the first draft of the new Part D (Construction). The report also summarises the initial discussions with experts nominated by ERA to form the Executive Review Group.
pdfFinalisation of the Design Manual for Low Volume Roads for the Ethiopia Roads Authority (ERA)Report on Peer Group MeetingCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.2016AfCAP is supporting the Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA) in finalising the Low Volume Roads Design Manual, which was published in draft form in 2011. The assignment includes rectifying typing errors and incorrect cross-references throughout Parts A, B, C, D, E and G of the LVR Design Manual, responding to technical comments provided by users of the manual, and incorporating new technical content reflecting developments in LVR technology since 2011. The assignment includes the development of a new field maintenance handbook for use at the wereda level. The purpose of this report is to summarise key points and actions arising for the Peer Review Group meeting held in Addis Ababa from 24th to 26th February 2016 to discuss the first draft of the updated documents.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementLeafletCivil Design Solutions (CDS), Africa; University of BirminghamCivil Design Solutions, Africa;University of Birmingham, UK2016This leaflet explains the background, objectives and activities of the AfCAP regional project on Economic Growth through Effective Road Asset Management
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaBriefing Note 2Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); St Helens Consulting; Paige-Green ConsultingHead, M.;Verhaeghe, B.2016This is the second briefing note (October 2016) from the AFCAP regional project on Climate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in Africa. It provides the progress to date of the project, observations from the climate threats study, quantification and prioritisation of risks, contextualisation of climate change on rural road access.
pdfTransforming gender relations in the trial bridge programme in Nepal: an anlaysis of policies and practicesInception ReportHelvetasHelvetas2016This research represents a investigation into the role trial bridges play in changing the roles of women and men, and actually transforming gender relations, in Nepal. It considers the policies governing trail bridges, their implementation on the ground, and the impact of trail bridge construction on the lives of women. This is compared against the State's obligation and commitment to promote gender equality and uphold women's rights, mainstreaming this across all State provisions. The research combines a policy review with field investigations, focus group discussions and in-depth case studies. The findings are intended as a contribution to government policy discussions, providing insights into how, through trail bridge interventions, women's rights can be upheld and gender relations influenced in a transformative manner within a sector-wide approach. This inception report details the desk research and consultations undertaken during the inception phase and details the methodology to be used for the research.
pdfFinalisation of the Design Manual for Low Volume Roads for the Ethiopia Roads Authority (ERA)Aide Memoire (Final)Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.2015AFCAP is supporting the Ethiopian Roads Authority (ERA) in finalising the Low Volume Roads Design Manual, which was published in draft form in 2011. The assignment includes rectifying typing errors and incorrect cross-references throughout Parts A, B, C, D, E and G of the LVR Design Manual, responding to technical comments provided by users of the manual, and incorporating new technical content reflecting developments in LVR technology since 2011. The assignment includes the development of a new field maintenance handbook for use at the wereda level. This Aide Memoire summarises agreements made during the visit to Addis Ababa by the Team Leader, Lead Authors and the ReCAP/AFCAP Infrastructure Research Manager from 17th to 19th November 2015.
pdfRelever les défis auxquels les petits exploitants agricoles ont à faire face en matière de transport sur le premier milleReCAP BlogueInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Muhia, G.2016Ce blogue, préparé par Mme Grace Muhia, s'agit des problèmes particuliers rencontrés par les petits exploitants sur le premier mille lors du transport de leurs marchandises depuis la ferme vers le premier point de collecte pour une distribution ultérieure aux marchés. Le transport sur le premier mille représente un coût démesurément élevé pour les petits exploitants agricoles. Le blog donne des détails spécifiques en matière de coûts et propose un certain nombre de solutions ainsi que des idées d'études qui pourraient permettre de relever les défis.
pdfAddressing First Mile Transport Challenges for Smallholder FarmersReCAP BlogpostInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Muhia, G.2016This blogpost by Mrs Grace Muhia addresses the particular challenges experienced by smallholder farmers in the First Mile transport of their produce from the farm to the first point of collection for further distribution to markets. The First Mile transport often comes at disproportionate costs to smallholder farmers. The blog elaborates on these specific costs and suggests a number of solutions and follow-up research ideas to overcome these challenges.
pdfReCAP Lettre d'Information Octobre 2016Transports surs et durables pour les communautés ruralesReCAP PMUReCAP PMU20164eme edition de la Lettre d'Information de ReCAP octobre 2016. Contenu: Renforcement des capacités de gestion durable des connaissances dans les pays partenaires, Recherche sur les routes rurales adaptées aux besoins du Bangladesh, Utiliser des solutions de haute technologie appropriées pour analyser le réseau et l'état des routes, ReCAP plaide en faveur des routes rurales plus adaptées et durables lors du Forum des transports 2016 de la BAD
pdfReCAP eNewsletter October 2016Safe and Sustainable Transport for Rural CommunitiesReCAP PMUReCAP PMU20164th edition of the ReCAP eNewsletter October 2016. Contents: Building capacity for sustainable knowledge management, Rural road research tailored to the needs of Bangladesh, Use of appropriate high-tech solutions for road network and condition analysis, ReCAP advocating for more suitable and sustainable rural roads at ADB Transport Forum 2016.
pdfMeasuring Rural Access: Using New TechnologiesWorld BankWorld Bank Group2016The World Bank has partnered with the Department for International Development (DFID) of the United Kingdom and the Research for Community Access Partnership to develop a new methodology to measure rural access, which is sustainable, consistent, simple, and operationally relevant. Conceptually, the proposed new methodology is still focused on access to an all-weather road. Technically, it measures the share of the population that lives within 2 km of the nearest road in “good condition” in rural areas. The condition of roads is assessed in transport engineering terms. The report describes the new method and provides the results of application of the method to eight pilot counties: Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia in Africa, and Bangladesh and Nepal in South Asia.
pdfScaling up Gender Mainstreaming in Rural Transport: Policies, Practices, Impacts and Monitoring ProcessesInception ReportInternational Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD)Tanzarn, N.;Njenga, P.2016The opportunities to access, use and benefit from rural transport systems differ between men and women. Gender mainstreaming in rural transport remains an incomplete area of knowledge, policy and practice. This Inception Report signals the start of an eight-month networked, comparative case studies of past and ongoing rural transport programmes in Ghana and Uganda (the primary case study countries) supplemented by desk case studies from Kenya and Tanzania. The main objective of the case studies is to tease out lessons, identify successes and challenges and propose renewed ways of sustaining and upscaling gender inclusion in rural transport programmes through use of suitable indicators, capacity building, knowledge sharing and networking.
pdfResearch to Practice: Engaging Local Communities in the Future of TransportationWebinar hosted by Devex and ReCAPDevexViray, E.;Jolly, C.;Bay Nishi, J.2016Devex under the UKAID-DFID funded ReCAP initiative hosted a webinar on the topic of active action research methodology for application in rural roads and transport services research. This webinar conveyed the fundamental principles, benefits and effects of Active Action Research; examples of community-driven research application in rural road and transport services research and projects in Africa; and the implications of results from Active Action Research on livelihoods. This report contains the webinar context, full programme and metrics & recommendations.
pdfResearch to Practice: Engaging Local Communities in the Future of TransportationWebinar slidesDevexDevex2016A joint ReCAP/Devex webinar took place on Monday 12 September 2016 and addressed the topic of engaging local communities in rural transport research, of which this document contains the webinar slidedeck. The webinar particularly looked into the active action research methodology. The speaker panel included Tony Greening, independent expert and ReCAP Technical Panel Coordinator, Gina Porter of Durham University and Caroline Barber of Transaid.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementWorkshop Report (Final)Roughton International; Civil Design Solutions, AfricaGeddes, R.2016AfCAP is funding a research and capacity building project on asset management for rural roads. The purpose of the project is to achieve economic and social benefits for local communities in rural areas as a result of improved performance in road asset management. The project is currently in the Formulation Phase and a draft Design Report has been submitted. The key recommendations within this report were discussed at a stakeholder workshop on 15th March 2016 during the International Transport and Road Research (iTRARR) conference in Mombasa, Kenya. This report provides the outcomes of the workshop.
pdfDevelopment of a Business Plan for the African Roads and Transport Research Forum (ARTReF)Inception ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Rust, F. C.;Verhaeghe, B.2016The African Roads and Transport Research Forum (ARTReF) was created to stimulate collaboration in research across the African continent to exploit synergy in individual research programmes, to facilitate sharing and learning between research organisations and therefore to improve the outputs of the programmes and also the uptake of the results of the programmes. The aim of this project is to develop a business plan for ARTReF that would ensure that it meets its mandate and remains sustainable in the long term.
pdfMainstreaming Gender in Rural TransportProject Cluster SummaryReCAP PMUReCAP PMU2016‘Gender equality, equity and social inclusion' is an important cross-cutting research theme for ReCAP. Seven research concepts on gender mainstreaming have been elaborated into full proposals that have been contracted. Together, these cover all four research themes and involve research on gender mainstreaming in eight countries in Asia, West Africa and Eastern Africa. The aim is to have a ‘cluster' of projects that would work independently but their joint technical conversations and liaison would stimulate synergies to increase the research excellence, and the impact on gender mainstreaming policies and practices. This summary provides an overview of the seven projects underway as at October 2016.
pdfProject Scoping Study for Sierra Leone and LiberiaScoping Study ReportHearn Geoserve Ltd.Hearn, G. J.2016This Scoping Report describes the outcome of desk study research and in-country discussions and fact finding in the Low Volume Rural Roads (LVRR), Transport Services (TS) and Road Traffic Safety (RTS) sectors of Sierra Leone and Liberia. In both countries a review is undertaken of recent and current developments in these sectors in order to form the basis of a gap analysis. From this gap analysis a long list of potential ReCAP research projects is developed for each country. These projects are prioritised and a preliminary assessment made of the required duration, staffing and resources needed to implement them. Given the geographical proximity of both countries and the fact that both are recovering from civil war and the Ebola crisis, it is not surprising that the proposed projects for each are very similar.
pdfDeveloping a participatory approach for roadside protection of rural roads in NepalFinal ReportHelvetasHelvetas2016With the aim to develop a participatory approach for roadside protection on rural roads in Nepal, this project aimed to develop an innovative approach: to foster ownership by way of a Memorandum of Understanding and agreements between district authorities and local user groups. The utilisation of RoW land along the roads of the District Road Core Network for poverty alleviation is a new concept. A clear legal provision for this purpose has not been enacted in Nepal so far. However, various policy and legal provisions have been endorsed in regard to plantation and to maintaining greenery in the RoW through local authorities. From this basis, appropriate legal instruments for the use of the RoW are developed. Following investigations on legal, engineering and socio-economic conditions, suitable plants are chosen. Cost benefit analyses of the selected plants show that by involving the poorest of the poor in planting the RoW land for productive use their income can be considerably increased. The report includes proposals for detailed activities for the implement of this pilot project. Suggestions are given for a wider replication of the approach. A RoW Utilisation Manual is drafted, comprising the required legal, engineering, bio-engineering and economic aspects.
pdfClimate Resilient Concrete Structures in Marine Environment in BangladeshInception ReportMott MacDonaldMott MacDonald2016Bangladesh has a vast coastal infrastructure seriously affected by climate change and associated extreme environmental conditions. Reinforced concrete structures in the coastal regions can deteriorate rapidly (within 5-10 years of construction) due to a number of factors including an aggressive marine environment. LGED maintains around 380,000 linear metres of concrete bridges/culverts in the rural coastal areas and are planning to build more than 200,000 linear metres during the next ten years. This project examines the major factors that contribute to premature deterioration of concrete structures, develop cost effective concrete mix design to enhance the durability of future structures and make recommendations on improvements in construction practice and workmanship considered necessary to improve service life. The inception report includes literature reviews, methodologies and the set up of the test phase of the project.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementInception Report for Implementation PhaseCivil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaGeddes, R.2016The Africa Community Access Programme (AFCAP) is funding a research and capacity building project on asset management for rural roads. The purpose of the project is to achieve economic and social benefits for local communities in rural areas as a result of improved performance in road asset management. This report covers the activities carried out in the first month of the project implementation and also sets out the planned activities for the next phase of the project implementation. Activities that have been carried out include a Project launch meeting in Pretoria on 6th and 7th July, initial visit to the project areas by the Team Leader and Maintenance Expert in July 2016, confirmation of project areas, finalisation of data collection instruments, preparation of a project information leaflet. The countries participating in the project are Zambia, Uganda, Sierra Leone and the Western Cape Province of South Africa.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaClimate Threats ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); Paige-Green Consulting; St Helens ConsultingRoux, A. le;Paige-Green, P.;Verhaeghe, B.;Engelbrecht, F.;Khuluse-Makhanya, S.;McKelly, D.;Dedekind, Z.;Muthige, M.;Merwe, J. van der;Maditse, K.2016The Climate Adaptation project aims to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. This report presents a review of the current and future climate threats and their likely impacts to rural road networks. It provides a baseline from which current and future stresses on rural accessibility can be assessed, from a rural community and road infrastructure perspective. A methodology for conducting rural access road risk and vulnerability assessments has been proposed. Mozambique was used as a case study to test this methodology by mapping regions within the country that could potentially be vulnerable to climate variability and change from a rural accessibility perspective.
pdfIdentification of hazardous sites and the recommendation of remedial measures on selected rural roads1st Stakeholders' Workshop ReportBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Afukaar, F. K.2016The overall objective of this project is to develop an Accident Blackspot Management System (ABMS) for a coordinated approach to road safety on the rural road infrastructure under the control of the Department of Feeder Roads (DFR), through the reduction of road traffic crashes. The main objective for the workshop was to discuss the project methodology contained in the approved Inception Report and to agree on the way forward for the successful implementation of the project. The workshop was attended by 31 participants, representing the various stakeholders. Discussions at the workshop centred on why the class of the feeder roads for the project was limited to the connectors and inter-district roads only; traffic crash location referencing; weighting scores agreed for ranking crash severity; data collection process by the police; the evaluation of remedial measures for the identified blackspots and un-coded feeder roads. Recommendations from the stakeholders have been incorporated in this report.
pdfKnowledge Generation in the Rural Transport Sector in NepalWorkshop ProceedingsAlliance for Social Mobilization Ptv. Ltd.Gupta, S. K.;Basnyet, D.2016The one-day workshop was held to share ongoing and planned initiatives in rural road research in Nepal. There were four major presentations on research findings on Participatory Roadside Projection; Project scenario at present; Knowledge Management and Capacity Building; and Future plan. The workshop also collectively identified some research projects for the future. Propositions were: (1) Capacity Development of DoLIDAR and major stakeholders for research and uptakes, (2) Coordination among major stakeholders for research works, (3) Environment Protection, (4) Upgrading and maintenance of existing roads from technical and financial perspectives, (5) ReCAP Strategies for Nepal, (6) Research on bio-­-engineering elements, (7) Research on Resettlement policy, norms and patters, (8) Restriction on the construction of non-­-engineered Roads, (9) Road Safety, (10) Establishment of an well-­-functioning Research Center in Nepal.
pdfReCAP Benefit Assessment System (ReCAP-BAS)Scoping DocumentCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Rust, F. C.;Strydom, J.;Hine, J.2016This scoping study for a ReCAP Benefit Assessment system is based on a literature review as well as the experience of the authors in impact assessment and benefit assessment of R&D programmes. The report indicates that the current ReCAP logframe and indicators can be augmented to assess “softer” outcomes from the programme in a Balanced Score Card approach. The ReCAP programme places more emphasis on the uptake of research results that its predecessor. Therefore particular emphasis was placed on indicators that describe such uptake. The overall benefit of the programme over time will be determined through trend analysis of the indicators.
pdfPromotion of Sustainable Rural Access in the Post 2015 Sustainable Development AgendaThird Progress ReportPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)SLoCaT2016The objective of the project is to contribute towards a better integration of rural transport in the post-2015 development framework and to promote a prominent place for rural transport in the implementation of the post 2015 development framework. This third and final progress report provides an overview of advocacy activities implemented by SLoCaT in the framework of this project. The activities included regular communications on Rural Access through various media, the initial meeting of stakeholders to a global dialogue on Rural Access, a survey and interviews on suitable indicators for rural transport in the framework of the SDGs and an analysis of the importance of rural transport in the policies and portfolio's of the multilateral development banks (MDBs).
pdfIdentification of hazardous sites and the recommendation of remedial measures on selected rural roadsInception reportBuilding and Road Research Institute (BRRI)Afukaar, F. K.2016Safer roads are critical for the socio-economic development of countries, and Ghana is no exception. The National Road Safety Commission (NRSC), has intimated that, on average, 2,000 people die each year through road traffic crashes in Ghana. The overall objective of this project is to develop an Accident Blackspot Management System (ABMS) for a coordinated approach to road safety on the rural road infrastructure under the control of the Department of Feeder Roads (DFR), through the reduction of road traffic crashes. This inception report provides the overall framework for the study. It includes the background, strategy and methodology of the study with comments on the ToR, a critical review of available literature and a detailed implementation plan for the successful execution of the project.
pdfDesigning low-volume roads using the dynamic cone penetrometerRolt, J.;Pinard, M. I.2016The paper describes an environmentally optimised approach to the design of low-volume roads (LVRs) in which the in situ strengths of the subgrade and pavement layers at the anticipated in-service moisture condition are used for design rather than soaked values. It describes how the assumptions and simplifications inherent in the more traditional California bearing ratio (CBR)-based methods of design tend to produce less-than-optimum solutions compared with the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) method. DCP measurements are much more reliable than CBR measurements and are also quick to perform; hence, a relatively large number of measurements of subgrade strengths (for new roads) and pavement layer strengths and thicknesses (for upgrading projects) can be obtained, thereby reducing risks of inadequate data for design purposes. Research has shown how material specifications for LVRs can be relaxed and the paper shows how this aspect is integrated into DCP design methods. The paper reviews the alternative methods of DCP design, summarises the advantages of these methods and recommends some improvements.
pdfPlanning and Prioritisation of Rural Roads in BangladeshInception ReportBangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)Department for Urban and Regional Planning2016Bangladesh has 342,764 km roads of different categories according to LGED Database, 2016. The Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) manages all rural roads (Upazila, Union and Village roads) which form more than 93% of total roads or about 321,462 km of roads. In the course of time, many of these roads are being used more intensively by heavier vehicles than estimated during their design and construction. Substantial growth in traffic volume and change in their composition have led to rapid deterioration of the road infrastructure. Although LGED spends a considerable amount of resources for the improvement of rural roads, the selection of roads from a large number of candidate roads is not undertaken through a rational selection process. For the effective utilization of available resources, this project aims to develop a prioritisation methodology for the development, upgradation and maintenance of the rural roads. To implement the methodology, a software would be developed which would provide a prioritised list of rural roads based on analysis of updated socio-economic and environmental data. This will eventually help LGED to make objective decision with effective budget allocation through an automated system. The project includes developing a software manual and a training program for the LGED officials to help them understand and use the software.
pdfRural Transport Indicators to Support Sustainable Development GoalsAnalysis of Survey and InterviewsPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)SLoCaT2016This report describes research on proposed indicators on rural transport to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through a general survey and series of targeted interviews with rural transport experts. Survey results showed a general consensus on strategies for developing specific indicators on rural access in support of the SDGs. A series of follow-­up interviews with key experts on rural transport incorporate the perspectives of bi-­and multi­-lateral aid agencies as well as rural transport implementing agencies, thus placing the survey results in a broader light.
pdfMDB Policies and Selected Projects in Support of Rural Transport and AccessPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)SLoCaT2016This report addresses research on the rural transport portfolios of six Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) with investments in Asia and Africa. SLoCaT has examined policy documents of the MDBs as related to transport (as well as rural development, agriculture, education, and health) to see if and how transport is considered an enabler in each sectoral strategy.
pdfRural Access to Markets and Essential ServicesFact SheetPartnership on Sustainable, Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT)SLoCaT2016This fact sheet, prepared by SLoCaT, addresses isolation as a driver of rural poverty, the benefits of improved rural access, strategies to reduce rural isolation and provides suggestions for further reading on the issue.
pdfA Paradigm Shift in Geometric Design of Low Volume Rural RoadsHongve, J.;Pinard, M. I.2016The presentation was prepared for the AfCAP workshop on Geometric Design and Road User Safety, held at the iTRARR Conference, 14-16 March 2016, Mombasa, Kenya. The presentation addresses the case for a set of basic, affordable LVR geometric standards based on actual road use coupled with road safety measures to achieve satisfactory safety level.
pdfResearch for Community Access Partnership (ReCAP)Inception ReportCardno Emerging Markets UKCardno Emerging Markets UK2015This ReCAP Inception report describes the project's governance/management arrangements and the current status of implementation activities before describing the proposed draft strategies and procedures for the project. Finally, it gives a preliminary work programme and budget for the project period.
pdfERA/RRC Priority Projects for AFCAP FundingFinal ReportSampson ConsultingSampson, L.2015This report outlines the project priorities agreed with ERA through the Directorate for Research and Development as a result of the stakeholder meeting of 24 March 2015. Details of the ten (10) priority projects listed in Table 2 are provided along with Terms of Reference or Project Proposals in the Appendices to assist the AFCAP PMU in the procurement of services to undertake the identified projects whether new or ongoing.
pdfResearch on New Asset Management Approaches for Maintaining and Improving Local Road AccessMobilisation ReportRoughton International; Civil Design Solutions, AfricaGeddes, R.2015The Africa Community Access Partnership (AFCAP) is funding a research and capacity building project on asset management of rural roads. The purpose of the project is to achieve economic and social benefits for local communities in rural areas as a result of improved performance in road asset management. The Mobilisation Report summarises the outcome of meetings held with the Client and within the technical assistance team, and a revised approach and methodology proposed by the Consultant. It summarises actions to be carried out in the Inception and Formulation Phases of the project.
pdfEconomic Growth through Effective Road Asset ManagementFinal Formulation Phase ReportRoughton International; Civil Design Solutions, AfricaGeddes, R.;Pinard, M. I.;Gongera, K.;Burrow, M.;Lema, C.;Bopoto, C.2016The Africa Community Access Programme (AFCAP) is funding a research and capacity building project on asset management for rural roads. The purpose of the project is to achieve economic and social benefits for local communities in rural areas as a result of improved performance in road asset management. The Final Design Report marks the culmination of the Formulation Phase of the project. During the Formulation Phase the geographical research areas and research project partners have been identified, and the detailed methodology for the project has been finalised. The methodology includes a system for monitoring and evaluation of the project. The report explores options for partner country involvement.
pdfSustainable Rural Transport and African Road Transportation ResearchEthiopian Roads Authority (ERA)Endale, A.2016This presentation was prepared for a Rural Transport session at the World Conference on Transport Research held on 10-15 July 2016 in Shanghai, PR China. The presentation provides the context and needs for rural transport and infrastructure research in Africa and describes the mission and objectives of the African Road and Transport Research Forum.
pdfTechnical Assistance to RRC to Develop Road Research Capacity in EthiopiaScoping ReportSampson, L.2014This report provides a summary of the project scoping exercise for ongoing support of Ethiopia by AFCAP. The project was carried out through a short-term Technical Assistance to ERA through their Research and Development Directorate to identify and scope future projects that could be funded by AFCAP. In addition, support was identified for ongoing projects that were started in the first phase of AFCAP up to 31 July 2014 to take them to completion. As part of the assignment, this report provides: 1. A review of the existing business plans and the strategy for the RRC produced by TRL UK Ltd as part of a project funded by the World bank to establish the Road Research Centre (RRC) between May 2011 and December 2012; 2. A review of the progress in establishing and developing the RRC to date against the business plans. This also includes some of the outcomes of a TRL technical assistance project to support the RRC between November 2013 and November 2014; 3. A list of agreed priority research projects and concepts based on the original business plans, and on preferences indicated at the Research Managers Meeting at TRL in September 2014 4. Project details, priorities, proposals and TORs as appropriate with potential funding options. 5. Linkages to the Logical Framework.
pdfLes effets de l'état des routes rurales sur les cargaisons de produits agricolesUniversity of Pretoria, South AfricaSteyn, W.2016Ce Blogue par Professeur W. Steyn s'agit de l'impact potentiel des infrastructures routières rurales sur le produit intérieur bruit d'un pays par les effets de la condition des routes sur la qualité des produits agricoles.
pdfImprovements to the WinDCP software for Pavement Design of Low Volume RoadsFinal ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Beer, M. de;Rensburg, Y. van2016This final report describes the deliverables of Phase I of the project for improving the existing Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) WinDCP software for the purpose of use on Low Volume Roads (LVRs). The deliverables include a new AfCAP LVR-DCP v1.00 software product and software help file (SHF), which were defined during various discussions and two official workshops from the project team. Peer review resulted in a workable software product for the analyses of single or multiple point DCP analysis. In addition to the field DCP analysis module, a laboratory DCP module was also added. A user friendly software help file (SHF) is also included, intended to assist largely during use and training of the AfCAP LVR-DCP v1.00 software package.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaInception ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); Paige-Green Consulting; St Helens ConsultingVerhaeghe, B.;Paige-Green, P.;Head, M.;Roux, A. le;Engelbrecht, F.;Makhanya, S.;Huyssteen, E. van2016In order to help address this significant threat to Africa's development, the Africa Community Access Partnership (AfCAP) commissioned a project, starting in April 2016, to produce regional guidance on the development of climate-resilient rural access in Africa through research and knowledge sharing within and between participating countries. The output will assist the development of a climate-resilient road network that reaches fully into and between rural communities. This Inception Report outlines the general methodology that will be followed with respect to research and capacity building, and provides preliminary information on current and future climate variability over Africa; criteria forming the basis for country selection; and adaptation approaches and solutions.
pdfDevelopment of Guidelines and Specifications for Low Volume Sealed Roads through Back AnalysisInception ReportTRL Ltd.Mukura, K.;Rolt, J.;Buckland, T.;Otto, A.;Mayanja, M.2016This inception report covers only Phase 1 of the project and involves the review of previously constructed LVSRs going back four decades. The activities include collection of data and information, development of a LVSRs database, population of the database, assessment and preliminary analysis. The preliminary analysis will results in the review of gaps in the data and knowledge i.e. the gap analysis. The results of the gap analysis shall be used to determine the information which should be collected through field and laboratory investigations in a selection of five countries which will work in partnership with TRL. The report provides details of the project, the activities which were planned for the inception period, the achievements, the risks noted and other information.
pdfAlternative Surfacing for Steep Hill Sections in Ghana - Phase IFinal ReportCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Anochie-Boateng, J.;Debrah, E.2016The objective of this study was to provide practical information on the suitability of alternative road surfacings and paving techniques that are cost-effective and that offer sustainable solutions for road surfaces on steep gradients (higher-risk road sections). A major outcome of the project is a matrix of three alternative surfacing options (i.e. concrete, bituminous and stone setts/cobbles) for comparison with the gravel wearing courses currently used by the Department of Feeder Roads, Ghana. Surfacing options were ranked for the demonstration sections to be designed, constructed and monitored under the Phase II project. Under limited budget condition, four key options are recommended for the demonstration sites. The findings and overall outcomes of the study, including the outcomes of the inception study, detailed study, workshop, and feedback from the DFR and AfCAP, as well as recommendations and scoping for Phase II of the study are incorporated into this final report.
pdfGuideline for Compaction Quality Control on Low Volume Roads using the Dynamic Cone PenetrometerFinal DraftHongve, J.;Pinard, M. I.2015The purpose of the Guideline is to establish a simple and practical method for compaction quality control using the DCP. The method is primarily aimed at projects designed using the DCP-DN method, where the layer specifications are in terms of the maximum DN for each layer. The Guidelines addresses establishing a method for compaction quality control, quality control using the DCP and its strengths and weaknesses.
pdfMonitoring and Evaluation of Low Volume Roads Trial Sections in KenyaInception ReportAcross AfricaWafula, A2016This report outlines the preliminary field activities undertaken by Across Africa Consultants Ltd for the project “Monitoring and Evaluation of Low Volume Roads Trial Sections in Kenya”. These include reconnaissance tour of all the sites, road marking, drainage assessment, visual inspection of the roads, installation of raingauges, and capacity building with AfCAP consultants and MTRD staff. With the knowledge gained from these activities, the consultant has been able to draft a sound activity schedule for both the baseline survey and the performance monitoring rounds. The consultant is now set to embark on the actual field activities, namely traffic counts, axle load survey, roughness measurements, rut depth measurements, elastic modulus and pavement strength measurement, base layer moisture content determination, and carrying out the laboratory tests.
pdfReCAP Lettre d'Information Juin 2016Transports sécurisés et durables pour la communautés ruralesReCAP PMUReCAP PMU20163eme edition de la Lettre d'Information ReCAP juin 2016. Contenu: recherche routière en Zambie, Développer et tester l'Indice d'accessibility rural (RAI), Faire le bilan et planifier la future recherche sur le transport rural au Népal, Nouvelles initiatives sur la parité hommes-femmes dans le secteur des transports, Projet régional d'AfCAP sur l'adaptation aux changements climatiques, Nouvelles de ReCAP, Prochains appels à contribution et événements.
pdfReCAP eNewsletter June 2016Safe and Sustainable Transport for Rural CommunitiesReCAP PMUReCAP PMU20163rd edition of the ReCAP e-Newsletter June 2016. Contents: Zambia off to a good start in rural road research, Developing and testing the new Rural Access Indicator (RAI), Taking stock of progress and planning for future research in Nepal, New initiatives in mainstreaming gender in transport, AfCAP regional project on Climate Adaptation takes off.
pdfRoad Maintenance Contracting ManualPrime Minister's Office, Regional Administration and Local Government (PMO-RALG), TanzaniaPrime Minister's Office, Regional Administration and Local Government (PMO-RALG), Tanzania2013This manual on Road Maintenance Contracting for district roads in Tanzania was compiled in the framework of the project on Improved District Maintenance in Tanzania that ran from 2010 till 2012. This Road Maintenance Contracting Manual describes the different types of contracts that may be used by the LGAs for maintenance of the roads under their jurisdiction. The purpose of the manual is to assist the Local Government Authority (LGA) engineers to make informed decisions on what type of contract to be applied to maintain a road or a network of roads depending on the importance of the road(s), maintenance needs and available resources (financial and technical).
pdfTechnical Assistance to Tanzania Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (Interim Phase)Progress Report: January to March 2016Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2016AFCAP2 is providing technical assistance to the Directorate of Infrastructure Development in the Prime Minister's Office: Regional Administration and Local Government of Tanzania, to achieve its objective of setting up a Local Government Infrastructure and Transportation Research Centre (LoGITReC) in Dodoma . During 2014/15, a strategic plan for implementation of LoGITReC's research priorities in accordance with the National Transport Policy was developed. This plan addressed: (a) the vision, mission, goal and strategic objectives of LoGITReC; (b) governance issues, including the role and responsibilities of the Steering Committee, the institutional and physical location of LoGITReC, sources of funding, key performance indicators, and strategic relationships and linkages; (c) the short to longer term research agenda of LoGITReC, which future revisions will be guided by a Technical Committee, which also still has to be convened, and the establishment of specific internal and external technical committees and working groups; (d) capacitation of LoGITReC in terms of human resources and research infrastructure; and (d) establishing mechanisms for creating greater visibility of LoGITReC and for sharing/disseminating/demonstrating its achievements. In addition to the above, a budget was proposed, but this will have to be reassessed following the physical establishment of LoGITReC. The objectives of this 12-month Technical Assistance programme to LoGITReC are as follows: 1) to make further progress with priority activities for the establishment and operationalisation of LoGITReC; and 2) to achieve the key performance indicator targets set out in the LoGITReC Strategic Plan for the first year of operation. This report outlines the progress that has been achieved between January and March 2016.
pdfTechnical Assistance to Mozambique Road Research Centre (Interim Phase)Progress Report: January to March 2016Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2016AFCAP2 is providing technical assistance to Administração Nacional de Estradas (ANE) of Mozambique, to achieve its objective of setting up a Road Research Centre (RRC) in Maputo. The initial phase for the establishment of the road research centre was initiated in 2013. The objectives of this phase were primarily to address institutional issues relating to the RRC, to draft a strategic research plan and a capacity and skills development plan, and to develop a 5-year business plan for the RRC. A workshop was held in Maputo in May 2014, where the plans and the progress achieved were presented. These were well received and the stakeholders supported the physical establishment of the RRC. However, despite the success of the initial activities to prepare enabling documentation and strategies, the full establishment and operationalisation of the RRC had not been realised. Therefore, a follow up “Short-Term Technical Assistance Programme” was carried out under AFCAP 2 in 2014/2015 in order to review existing plans and strategies and to map out concept notes for agreed priority research projects. The outputs and recommendations of the “Short-Term Technical Assistance Programme” are contained in the final report dated August 2015. The report includes a list of prioritised research projects and detailed concept notes for each project. It also includes a concept note for a “Longer-Term Technical Assistance Programme” for the RRC to support its physical establishment and operationalisation, as well as pro-forma job descriptions for RRC staff, a good research practice guide and draft protocols for long-term pavement performance assessments. In preparation of the launching of the “Longer-Term Technical Assistance Programme”, an interim-phase Technical Assistance programme has been initiated. The objectives of this 12-month Technical Assistance programme are as follows: 1) to make further progress with priority activities for the establishment and operationalisation of the RRC; and 2) to achieve the key performance indicator targets set out in the RRC Strategic Plan for the first year of operation. This report outlines the progress that has been achieved between January and March 2016.
pdfPeer Review of the Improvements to the WinDCP software for Pavement Design of Low Volume RoadsFinal Summary ReportInfraAfrica (Pty) LtdPinard, M. I.;Hongve, J.;Paige-Green, P.;Rolt, J.;Mukura, K.2016The advent of the DCP-DN method of pavement design has triggered a need to upgrade the CSIR WinDCP Ver 5.1 software to take account of relatively recent developments in low volume road technology. To this end, the South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), under commission from AfCAP, has been tasked with the upgrading of the software and with the revision of the User Manual + Help File.The main outcomes of the project may be summarised as follows: 1) The CSIR Win DCP 5.1 software has been substantially revamped to take account of the most recent developments in low volume road design based on the DCP-DN method. 2) The AFCAP LVR Win DCP software + SHF is now much more user friendly, and can be used much more intuitively, than previously. 3) The User Manual does not currently reflect the PRT requirements and should be reviewed in the next phase of the project. 4) There are a few software issues that came to light during the trialling of the Alpha ver 1.00 of the AFCAP LVR Win DCP software that need to be addressed in the next phase of the project.
pdfAfCAP Support to the International Transport and Road Research Conference (iTRARR)Final ReportReCAP PMUVisser, C.2016The report summarises the ReCAP support provided to the International Transport and Road Research Conference (iTRARR) 2016, held in Mombasa, Kenya on 15-17 March 2016. It gives a summary of the ReCAP workshops that featured in the Conference programme and provides the lessons learned and other observations of AfCAP sponsored speakers and delegates.
pdfScoping Study for Establishment of Pilot Project to Implement Tractor-based Road Maintenance Approaches in Zambia - AnnexesAssignment Report Volume 2, AnnexesIntech Associates; Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2016These are the Annexes to the Final Assigment Report. This Scoping Study report investigates the need, rationale and challenges of introducing more affordable and sustainable unpaved road maintenance in Zambia through the introduction of proven agricultural tractor-based technology methods. The study concludes that there are clear cost and sustainability advantages for the introduction of such approaches. The study report provides the basis for stakeholders to develop a pilot training demonstration unit for tractor technology in road works and the beneficial roll-out of the approaches on a national scale.
pdfScoping Study for Establishment of Pilot Project to Implement Tractor-based Road Maintenance Approaches in ZambiaFinal Assignment Report, Volume 1Intech Associates; Clanview CivilsPetts, R.;Gongera, K.2016This Scoping Study report investigates the need, rationale and challenges of introducing more affordable and sustainable unpaved road maintenance in Zambia through the introduction of proven agricultural tractor-based technology methods. The study concludes that there are clear cost and sustainability advantages for the introduction of such approaches. The study provides a basis for the stakeholders to develop a pilot training demonstration unit for tractor technology in road works and beneficial roll-out of approaches on a national scale.
pdfGeometric Design and Road Surface: Impacts on Motorcycle SafetyPresentationAmendBishop, T.;Malekela, G.2016AFCAP-funded research carried out by Amend has found that crash rates among rural motorcycle drivers in Tanzania are as high as 96 per 100 drivers per year in some areas (Amend, 2015). Amend's research has found that while road user behaviour is the primary contributory factor in rural motorcycle crashes, the design and the condition of roads also contributes to crashes. This presentation summarizes the findings of the aforementioned research and discusses the impacts of Road Design and Condition on Road Safety. The topics covered include: • Safety improvements to all road types – new and existing, sealed and unsealed • Providing a safe width and cross-section • Providing a safe riding surface • Ensuring the surrounding environment is ‘forgiving' • Encouraging the use of appropriate speeds • Providing warning of hazards Starting in January 2016, Amend is currently piloting the use of the Guidance Note by District Engineers during the upgrading of rural roads in two districts. 
pdfAsia Community Access Partnership Scoping StudyAirey, T.;Edmonds, G.2015This report assesses the potential of the rural road sub sectors in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan to undertake ASCAP research that adds value to their ongoing rural access programmes. It draws on open source data to identify current development partner (DP) and institutional rural access interventions as well as potential research partners willing and able to undertake and take ownership of ASCAP supported research. The resultant synthesis applies the procedures and indicators used to establish a business case for AFCAP II and prioritise its interventions in Sub Saharan Africa.
pdfThe use of appropriate high-tech solutions for Road network and condition analysis, with a focus on satellite imageryInception ReportTRL Ltd.Workman, R.;Otto, A.;Irving, A.2016This report is a lead into the project on Appropriate High-tech solutions for road network and condition analysis. The main purpose of this report is to refine the methodology and programme proposed in the TRL bid, and to raise any further comments on the Terms of Reference that have arisen at, or since, the launch meeting. Links have been established with the other regional AFCAP projects (Maintenance and Climate Change projects) and will continue to liaise closely throughout the project period. The team's experience and its contacts in the industry will be used to scan the horizon for potential high-tech solutions that can be piloted during phase 2. In addition, ground truthing will be established in association with partner countries that is in line with local practice and with the AFCAP Maintenance project, to be used to compare to the satellite image assessments, which will also be carried out locally. 
pdfAsphaltic Concrete Pavement Design Incorporating Life Cycle AnalysisPresentationKoranteng-Yorke, J. B.2016 Most road pavement design methods currently in use do not give opportunity to undertake critical evaluation of life cycle of the performance of the newly design road pavement. In the absence of this assessment, it is always assumed that existing road agency's maintenance management systems will have the capacity to meet the maintenance requirements. The setting of road maintenance policies used in the road maintenance management systems are also not informed by the respective road pavement designs. In some instances, a general rule is used to establish the maintenance policy, say, all asphaltic concrete roads are due for overlay at 10 years interval. The challenge is that current practice in road pavement design and the maintenance are not coterminous. This paper presents an objective methodology using Mechanistic-Empirical (M-E) pavement design approach and HDM-4 life cycle modelling to address these problems using Benin as a case study. The case study has given a practical demonstration of how to select and calibrate the M-E design tool appropriate for Benin condition. Estimation of the Residual Life of the existing road pavements to determine the investment options (rehabilitation, reconstruction, upgrading, etc.) and the selection of appropriate pavement designs were achieved. The selected investment options were optimised by economic analysis with the HDM-4 which was also used to carry out Life Cycle Analysis of the optimised pavement design to establish the maintenance regime. Finally, the financial outlay during the design lives of the respective optimum pavement designs was established.
pdfPrediction of CBR using DCP for local subgrade materialsPresentationFeleke, G.;Araya, A. A.2016 There is lack of correlation between Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) and Soaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) for local subgrade materials. The aim of this study is to develop relationships between DCP and soaked CBR, DCP and unsoaked CBR, soaked CBR and unsoaked CBR for fine and coarse grained soils. This paper presents relationships between DCP and CBR for local Subgrade materials. The relationship developed in this research considers subgrade material's behavior and largely saves time and cost of preliminary and detailed engineering works of road projects. A series of DCP tests in the field, soaked CBR at OMC, and unsoaked CBR at field conditions in the laboratory are conducted. Based on the field and laboratory test results relationships between soaked CBR and DCP, unsoaked CBR and DCP, and soaked CBR and unsoaked CBR are established for fine and coarse grained soils. The relationship developed between DCP and CBR value for fine grained soil shows better than that of for coarse grained soil.
pdfAn investigation on the Influence of Institutional Capacity and Applicability of Technology in Implementation of URRAP: The cases study of Tigray Region.PresentationGebre, D. H.;Araya, A. A.2016Under Low Volume Road, (LVR), Universal Rural Roads Access Program, (URRAP) is a new program in Ethiopia aimed to access the rural community and to afford all season access road to markets and public services. The program was introduced in 2012 throughout Ethiopia and specifically in Tigray in 34 weredas, it was planned to have at least one completed project per wereda in that year. The aim of the paper was to find the influential factors which affect the implementation of the program as case study in the region more targeting the technology applicability and institution capacity. Questionnaires, interviews and site visit were used to find the degree of influence of the 11 major factors by dividing to 45 sub factors which can describe the major factor. The collected data was analyzed using Relative Important Index (RII) and multiple correlations to find which factors were highly influential in implementation of the program. The mean of the major influencing factor was tabulated and geometric design influence (RII=0.78), influence due to poor coordination between the stake holders (RII=0.69) and lack of community participation were the main influencing factors which affect the implementation of the program. The top influential factors in different sites were quite different which shows one fit for all principle was not valid in the program.
pdfTanzania motorcycle taxi rider training: assessment and development of appropriate training curriculumPresentationTransaidBarber, C.;Rettie, N.2016Between December 2014 and April 2015, Transaid, working closely with key stakeholders in Tanzania, have developed an appropriate training curriculum for motorcycle taxi riders (for the full curriculum see annex A). Of the 1.25 million people killed on the roads annually and the 20-50 million people who are injured and/or suffer long term disability, 90% of these occur in low and middle income countries1. In recent years, motorcycle taxis, or “boda bodas”, have emerged rapidly as an important means of transport in both urban and rural settings particularly in East Africa. They provide an important means of access to essential services for local communities in hard to reach areas. However there are also legitimate safety concerns and improving boda boda training, licensing and testing has the potential to reduce death and injury. This AFCAP-funded programme began by gathering and assessing any existing motorcycle training curricula to identify any gaps that need to be addressed. It was vital that the development of the training curriculum had strong support from the relevant training schools and regulatory authorities as well as feeding in valuable input from the motorcycle taxi riders themselves and addressing the needs of passengers. To ensure this key stakeholder input and support, SUMATRA and the Traffic Police were engaged from the very start and the project team conducted interviews with Driving Schools and regulatory authorities. Two stakeholder workshops were facilitated; one in Bagamoyo, which took a innovative participatory approach, gathering input from boda boda riders, owners and passengers The second workshop took place in Dar es Salaam and focused on gaining feedback and input from the key regulatory authorities and ministries. This final report details the outcomes from these activities as well as presenting the final developed curriculum, proposed next steps and proposals for licensing, testing and training.
pdfCost effective sustainable slope protection solution of rural roads at flooding regionsPresentationLocal Government Engineering Department (LGED), BangladeshAzad, A. K.;Matsushima, K.2016Bangladesh is a sandwich country between the Himalayas and the Bay of Bengal. The rivers of the country carry a huge amount of upstream water and therefore the rural roads along the rivers and the alluvial plains are often subjected to floods and erosion. Protection of road embankment slopes was difficult and sometimes construction of retaining wall was the only solution. LGED with assistance from a JICA Technical assistance project has developed a sustainable and cost effective solution for protection of steep slopes with soil bag. The cost of the slope protection works is nearly 40% of protection with retaining walls. The foundation of the protection should be in stable earth. Wooden piles may be used beneath the foundation to avoid scouring. The foundation is constructed with brick soling and a lean concrete above it. The protective materials are made of soil/sand bag. The bags can be made of jute or geosynthetic. The soil/sand cement ratio can be varied from 4:1 to 8:1. The stability of the protection work lies in correct positioning and placing of bags. Under different trial situation, the correct positioning of the bags has been found as 10° inclination at the first layer and 18°at all the upper layers. This method of slope protection can be replicated in flooded regions as well as in hilly region where stability of slope is a great concern.
pdfClimate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in AfricaBriefing NoteCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Verhaeghe, B.2016This briefing note of May 2016 is the first in a series from the AFCAP regional project on "Climate Adaptation: Risk Management and Resilience Optimisation for Vulnerable Road Access in Africa". It provides the climate change context for Africa, the rationale for the research, its objectives and the set up. 
pdfMobilities in Rural Africa: New Connections, New ChallengesDurham University, UKPorter, G.2016Fluid interdependencies of mobility—physical and virtual—are growing rapidly in sub-Saharan Africa: The remarkable expansion of mobile phone networks is bringing a tangible new dimension of connectivity into mobility, transport, and access equations on the ground. This article draws on in-depth field research, including co-investigation with two groups often disadvantaged in their physical mobility, youth and older people, to explicate some current African developments and their departure from prevailing Western-based conceptualizations of space–time interactions (regarding the potential for space–time flexibility and microcoordination afforded by mobile phones). Despite the fact that face-to-face interaction is often of great significance in Africa, when the value attached to personalized relationships is balanced against factors of widespread poverty and irregular, sometimes very dangerous transport, the potential for phone substitution appears greater than in many Western contexts. Better distance management through phone use could be particularly closely associated with populations with very low disposable incomes or those whose physical mobility is limited; for instance, by disability, infirmity, age, or gender.
pdfThe Effect of Fatigue on DrivingA Case Study in Cape Coast MetropolisOgunleye-Adetona, Dr. C.I.;Essifil, F.2016Road accidents or crashes are attributed broadly to three main factors: environmental, technical or vehicle- related and human factors. It is largely believed that 80-90% of all road accidents throughout the world result from human factors (Abane, 1994, 1995, 2004). Not many studies however have been undertaken to identify fatigue as part of the human factors. Rather many of the studies are attributed over speeding, drunk driving, wrong overtaking, among others (Abane, 2004). Fatigue generally causes low attention and alertness in all discipline of life and work of which driving is not an exemption. The study is aimed at an examination of the effect of driving fatigue in Cape Coast Metropolis using the following objectives 1. Explain the effects of fatigue on driving 2. Identify the causes of fatigue on driving 3. Highlight the common signs of fatigue Findings from the study will be used to suggest appropriate measures to overcome or control driver fatigue.
pdfDevelopment of optimal road maintenance fund allocation frameworkOdoki, J. B.;Odongo, M.2016Ideally, road maintenance funds should be allocated as and when maintenance requirements fall due. However this cannot often be achieved due to limited availability of road maintenance funds. In many developing countries, road maintenance needs are huge and available resources are not sufficient to allow all desired maintenance activities and interventions to be carried out.This paper describes the development of an equitable, transparent, fair and justifiable approach to allocation of road maintenance resources. The key research element is the investigation of the key relationships between road user charges and road agency costs based on the principles of efficiency and equity. It introduces a novel approach to reduce biases in road maintenance fund allocation in a country. To test the validity and demonstrate the application of the framework developed, a worked example has been presented to allocate an assumed available budget. The framework developed provides an objective way of investing in road network preservation by balancing between efficiency and equity and thereby improve decision making in road asset management.
pdfCase Study: HDM-4 adaptation for analyzing Kenya roadsOdoki, J. B.2016 This paper presents a case study to adapt the highway development and management tool (HDM-4) for investigating road investment choices in Kenya. Roads constitute the most important mode of transport in Kenya since more than 93% of all freight and passenger traffic is transported by road. Kenya's public road network comprises some 161,451km of which 14,561km is paved while 146,890km is unpaved. The estimated value of the road asset is KShs 2.5 trillion and this represents a significant portion of the country's public investments. Given its contribution to the country's socioeconomic development and the public investment it represents, the roads network must be continuously developed, managed and maintained in a prudent and effective manner.
pdfAsphaltic Concrete Pavement Design Incorporating Life Cycle AnalysisCase Study of BeninKoranteng-Yorke, J. B.2016Most road pavement design methods currently in use do not give opportunity to undertake critical evaluation of life cycle of the performance of the newly design road pavement. In the absence of this assessment, it is always assumed that existing road agency's maintenance management systems will have the capacity to meet the maintenance requirements. The setting of road maintenance policies used in the road maintenance management systems are also not informed by the respective road pavement designs. In some instances, a general rule is used to establish the maintenance policy, say, all asphaltic concrete roads are due for overlay at 10 years interval. The challenge is that current practice in road pavement design and the maintenance are not coterminous. This paper presents an objective methodology using Mechanistic-Empirical (M-E) pavement design approach and HDM-4 life cycle modelling to address these problems using Benin as a case study. The case study has given a practical demonstration of how to select and calibrate the M-E design tool appropriate for Benin condition. Estimation of the Residual Life of the existing road pavements to determine the investment options (rehabilitation, reconstruction, upgrading, etc.) and the selection of appropriate pavement designs were achieved. The selected investment options were optimised by economic analysis with the HDM-4 which was also used to carry out Life Cycle Analysis of the optimised pavement design to establish the maintenance regime. Finally, the financial outlay during the design lives of the respective optimum pavement designs was established.
pdfPrediction of CBR using DCP for local subgrade materialsFeleke, G.;Araya, A. A.2016There is lack of correlation between Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) and Soaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) for local subgrade materials. The aim of this study is to develop relationships between DCP and soaked CBR, DCP and unsoaked CBR, soaked CBR and unsoaked CBR for fine and coarse grained soils. This paper presents relationships between DCP and CBR for local Subgrade materials. The relationship developed in this research considers subgrade material's behavior and largely saves time and cost of preliminary and detailed engineering works of road projects. A series of DCP tests in the field, soaked CBR at OMC, and unsoaked CBR at field conditions in the laboratory are conducted. Based on the field and laboratory test results relationships between soaked CBR and DCP, unsoaked CBR and DCP, and soaked CBR and unsoaked CBR are established for fine and coarse grained soils. The relationship developed between DCP and CBR value for fine grained soil shows better than that of for coarse grained soil.
pdfAn investigation on the Influence of Institutional Capacity and Applicability of Technology in Implementation of URRAP: The cases study of Tigray Region.Gebre, D. H.;Araya, A. A.2016Under Low Volume Road, (LVR), Universal Rural Roads Access Program, (URRAP) is a new program in Ethiopia aimed to access the rural community and to afford all season access road to markets and public services. The program was introduced in 2012 throughout Ethiopia and specifically in Tigray in 34 weredas, it was planned to have at least one completed project per wereda in that year. The aim of the paper was to find the influential factors which affect the implementation of the program as case study in the region more targeting the technology applicability and institution capacity. Questionnaires, interviews and site visit were used to find the degree of influence of the 11 major factors by dividing to 45 sub factors which can describe the major factor. The collected data was analyzed using Relative Important Index (RII) and multiple correlations to find which factors were highly influential in implementation of the program. The mean of the major influencing factor was tabulated and geometric design influence (RII=0.78), influence due to poor coordination between the stake holders (RII=0.69) and lack of community participation were the main influencing factors which affect the implementation of the program. The top influential factors in different sites were quite different which shows one fit for all principle was not valid in the program.
pdfSpecification for Rural Road Asset Management PerformanceUniversity of Birmingham; Roughton International; Civil Design Solutions (CDS), AfricaBurrow, M.;Geddes, R.;Pinard, M. I.;Gongera, K.;Bopoto, C.;Ghataora, G. S.;Gillett, S.;Petts, R.2016The Africa Community Access Programme (AFCAP) is funding a major research and capacity building project to achieve economic and social benefits for local communities in rural areas through improved road asset management. This will incorporate a structured process, which utilizes peer review, so that meaningful advances in road asset management can be locally driven and improvement in rural road network performance realised. Part of this project is to develop a road administration specification which can be used as a self-assessment tool by rural road administrations. The objective of this paper is to describe a draft of one aspect of this specification, namely that associated with road asset management, so that that stakeholders and practitioners can comment on its practicality and usefulness. The specification incorporates road asset management performance criteria developed by a panel of experts utilizing guidelines suggested in various documents including BSI ISO 55000 (2014) and the International Infrastructure Management Manual (IAMM, 2011). The performance criteria are associated with: sectoral efficiency; institutional effectiveness; life cycle processes; asset management support systems; data; asset management plans; and maintenance benefit outcomes and; network condition. For a road administration, each performance criterion can be compared against a benchmark to target improvements in asset management. The relevance of the proposed approach to SSA countries will be tested during a conference workshop and thereafter further developed to include measures associated with all four building blocks of commercialised road management.